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MEDFORD 

PAST AND 
PRESENT 



275th Anniversary 




'4^# 



OF 



Medford, Massachusetts 



June, 1905 




Issued with the Approval of the Printing Committee of the 
275th Anniversary Celebration 



PlIRl.ISHKD BY 

MEDFORD MERCURY 
'905 









f 






K \ r:: r- 



LIBRARY of OONGRESs] 


Two Copies 


riegeivni 


AUG 15 


1905 


Uou»rii!iii tiiuji 
OUISS «. AAc. Nu 



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■\V. .). J>uiiixs()N Engkavincj Company, IIo.stun 

PAI'KR FURNISHED liV 

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printing material fvrni.siiei) by" 
American Ty'pe Founders Company-, Boston 

riiKss\v()i!K done hy 
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rookkixdinci done 1!y 
Fi;ei)ki;ii'1v Ekles & Comi'any, Boston 



Entered iirrordinii tu Art of Coiir/refiK, April 37, i.W.5, by the Medford Puhli>iliii>a Compani/, 
iledford. Miixmchusctts, in the office of the Liljrarian of Comjrens, Washinnton, D. C. 



JXTltdDVCTOIlV 



Tf'O (ijipi-djirhilrli/ ruiimii'iiiunilr in iirniuiui'iil /nnii llir rclrhra- 
^ tioii (if llir III-,, liiiiiilri il (111(1 Kcrciaii-Jiflli (iiiKh-crxdr!/ (if llic 
fdundiiKj I'f the 'I', ,11-11 (if Mctiford, this tidiii-ciiir in inniicd viiilcr 
tlir title (if '■ M(il/(in!. I'list (did Present." SVi, cffarl hiix hcci, sjiarcd 
III iiiiiK-i' if ciiiiiiiiirt ii-illi tlic di(/iiity and ittipoHanrc nj llir (iica- 
siiiii. (iiid it is issued III/ the Medford MerrHi-i/, whieh far iiidny 
i/('((i:s lids heeii cldsely ideiilifled v'it/t the hisliin/ iind prdijress of 
the eitji. II is the vm-l: iif Medford irrilers mid drlisaus dud 
is jirinted dud imlilislicd in Medfdrd. Far iiidiii/ i/riii-s dflcr l/ie 
nniiiversnri/ has passed, this sdiirenir vnll recall In miiul //,,■ ,//„- 
ridus history nf Medfard and the deeds iif the men mid irinnrn 
ii-lid dssisled in esldhlishiin/ her fame aiiil iiriisjnrili/. II is an 
dceiirdte, interestiinj and rdlniihle record of tivo hundred and 
f,eveiity-jive years of mnnicipnl life. 

Ei-er since Medf<rrd heeaine a lon-n her progress lias been 
steadily npmards, and her citizens hare eslahlished a sjilendid 
record for indnstry,intelli(/ence and jiatriotisni. In cdlonidl inirs, 
in the iriir of the Itevoliitidii, in all the r/reat strmjijles irhich 
this ciiiiiitry hds siiire passed tlininr/h to inaintdln its inliyrili/ 
diid hdiiiir. the iinii iif Medford liiire played a prdiniiienl. jimi 
mid llie n-iinien liiire iiiihly risi n Id erery duly mid erery sdcrifiee 
n-hiih the niilidn hds rei/nired of thini, Atdiiii indiislrinl lines 
the prof/ress of the city hds lieen cdnstmil, mill in put, lie affairs 

the city [Idrenillieiil hds ki /it juice leith tin iinili-th III the city 
dint the inrredsed rilliidtiiiii if jird/ierty. Meilfnril is d stniiii/ 
city, an independent city, niiidr n/i if the lie.st ly/ic (,/ Ainerirdn 
citizens and inihned villi mi ddminilile piilitic s/iirit. 

The eelehration of the lii-o hundred and sere nt y-fifl h annirer- 
sdry irilh its liinij scries if inlerestinr/ e.rercises reneies the dei-dlinn 
to Medford of its oii-u citi:ciis iind drunscs the interest n/' .tans 
and diiui/hlers ii-hii hare iiiiiirdtcd, In nthcr pidccs. It stiiuiildtcs 
the ineiiidry if histiiric en uts u-hicli (iccnrrrd in Midfurd or in 
irhich citizens if Mcdfir,! tudl.- purl. It rem ick interest in the 

Medford df tii-diiy, mid In nil u-ho feet a priite in the eelehration 

mid in the city irhnse histiiry il cdiiiineuiiirdlcs, this souvenir will 

a[ipeiil iiiiist st rdin/l y. 

Tu all citizens who haee aided in the prepdnitidn of Medfdrd. 

Pitst and Present " the editors return tlimiks and e.rpress t/ieir 

hearty ajipreridtidu if such raliidlile cd-dperalidii. 




GOVERNOR JOHN BROOKS 



Medford, Pa^ and Present 



EARLY HISTORY 



IIv Herbert A. Weitz 



BACKWARD, thri. ugh tlu' Ions vista 
<if years, to tliat grand eiKuli of 
American colonization and settle- 
ment, the City of Jledford, or, if yon 
please, the old Town of Medford, traces 
and establishes its antiquity. There is, 
perhaps, nothing especially momentous 
in its history, yet it glitters in historic; 
interest, — with distinguished names of 
men and women, — a past of which its 
citizens are justly proud, and, indeed, not 
without interest to all. 

Medford is one of the oldest settlements 
in the State, and we may say, in the Coun- 
try : its settlement had been made as early 
as that of any other except Charlestown 
in the Bay, Plymouth, Salem and James- 
town. 

In the spring of 1031, Thomas Dudley, 
then Deputy (iovernor of theCoh my, wrote 
a letter to the Countess of Lincoln, detail- 
ing the settlement of the Puritans : 

" [March 28, 1G31.] . . . we began to con- 
sult of the place of t>ur sitting down: For 
Salem, where we landed, pleased us not. 
And to that purpose, some were sent to 
the Bay, to search up the rivers for a con- 
venient place; who, upon their return, re- 
ported to have found a good jdace upon 
Mistick; but . . . we found a place that 
liked us better, three leagues up Charles 
river.. . .Hut. . .we were forced to change 
c(Uinsel.an(lfor our present shelter toplant 
disperscdly . . . some of us upon Mistii'k, 
whicli we named Meadford." 

(M((Ks. llist. Hiji-ictij CoUectiouK.) 

John Winthrop,for many years the <iov- 
ernorof Massachusetts, the distinguishe<l 
leader of the Puritan migration, recorded 
in his history of New England, viz: — 

[1030.] "Thursday, [June] 17. We went 
to Massachusetts, to find out a jilace for 



our sitting down. We went up Mistick 
Kiver about six miles." 

Although there is evidence of the visi- 
tation of the Colonists to Medford before 
the abcive date, it is probably correct that 
the settlement was formally establislied 
early in IGoO, when Governor Mathew 
Cradock, the first Governor of Massachu- 
setts Bay Colony,sent his men to Medford, 
or Sleadford on the Mistick, to establish 
fisheries and to plant and cultivate the 
soil. Soon after, in 1030, the "American 
Nehemiah," Governor JohnWinthrop, es- 
tablished his plantation at the Ten Hills 
Farm. He felt a deep interest in the wel- 
fare of his neighbors in Medford because 
of his warm friendship and attachment 
for Mathew Cradock, and it was under 
the auspicious leadership and su pervision 
f>f Winthrop that the first few years of the 
settlement at Medford were prosperous. 
The earlier history of Medford is but 
imperfectly known, as the records of the 
Town unfortunately go back no farther 
than 1073, for by some fatality, the first 
twenty or thirty pages of the manuscript 
are missing, being lost or destroyed, — a 
loss which has been a source of constant 
disappointment to the gleaner of the true 
history of that early period. 

Governor Mathew Cradock, who sent 
his men to Medford, was the founder and 
patron of Medford. lie was the richest 
member of the Massachusetts Bay Com- 
pany, being especially instrumental in its 
formation in 1628, which was the first sys- 
tematic effort for the permanent settle- 
ment of the Colony. 

Thus Mathew Cradock, Governor of the 
Company, in its commercial capacity, and 
not its political head in America, although 
he never came to the Colony or to his plan- 
tation at Mistick, or Medford, may well be 
honored,notalone by Medford, but Jlassa- 
chusetts ; for his zeal, wealth and personal 
influence contributed much in promoting 



the interests and prosperity of the Puritan 
caus<! and the settlement of New Englan<l. 
The major part of the territory of Jled- 
ford was owned by Cradock, and hence 
was called " Cradock's plantation," and 
subsequently by the General Court as a 
"peculiar." 

Cradock, by his influence and the ex- 
pending of his money for the benefit of his 
plantation at Medford, opened the oppor- 
tunity for the beginning of the famfius 
and renowned industries of Medford, the 
fisheries' interests; for the plans of Crad- 
ock embraced the planting of fishing sta- 
tions along the coast, and it would appear 
that he made Medford tlie heailquarters 
for his business. The head of the Mistick 
"with its great and spacious ponds," as 
Wood, the English traveler, said, "whither 
the alewives press to spawn," was noted 
for this kind of fish. 

It was in furtherance of this great colo- 
nial enterprise of the fisheries thatthe first 
vessels were built on the banks of the 
Mystic. To the heroic and Christian gov- 
ernor, John Winthrop, belongs the honcjr 
of building the first ship, whose keel was 
laid in the Colony; and that vessel was 
built on the banks of the Mystic, proba- 
bly not far from the Governor's house at 
the Ten Hills. It was called the "Blessing 
of the Bay," and launched July 4, 1031. 
The second ship was built by Cradock the 
fcdlowiug year. Thus began the famous 
shipbuilding industry of Medford, the 
sails of whose merchant ships have shaded 
every sea and bay on the navigable globe, 
and have carried the American flag all 
over the world. 

This industry was a source of prosper- 
ity and honor to Medford from about 1800 
to 1873, when the last ships were built. 
The decline of the commercial marine of 
the country and the cessation of all de- 
mand for the class of vessels which had 
been built in Medford, resulted in the 



MKDFdlHi. PAST AMI I'UKSE.XT 



extinction nf its shiiibuililing inilustry. 
The establishment of sliipbuilding in 
Medforcl was a second settlement of the 
Town. In Bedford's ship yards occnned 
the first strike in the history of the coun- 
try. The ship carpenters went on strike 
becanse tlieir allowance of rum was cur- 
tailed. 

No evidence of this industry now exists 
except the memory of those great nic- 
<hanics, their successful industry ami 
sturdy honesty; and Jli'dford has done 
well to engrave upon its Municijial Seal 
the beautiful and aiiproiuiate device of 
the launching ship. 

Co-eval with the hcgiiining of ship- 



Thestoryof Indianlife and the passing 
of the Indian from this vicinity is pathetic 
and romantic. The seat of the Chieftain 
or Sagamore and Squa Sachem, was at the 
MysticLakes,and no doubt many a bloody 
battle took place between these tribes and 
their inveterate foes, the Narragansetts 
and Sarrentines, who came at every har- 
vest time. Sagamore John, the devoted 
friend of Winthrop and the settlers, often 
warned them of premeditated attacks by 
the enemy. He died in lOoS. A monument 
now stands on Brooks' estate to his mem- 
ory. In his last hours he gave himself to 
the Ood of the English and committed his 
only child tot lie care of an English friend, 



will be remembered that in those early 
days the preaching of the Gospel was ob- 
ligatory, and a neglect was punishable by 
tile General Court with a fine. Medford 
was summoned before that august body 
for failure to provide a minister. 

It was not until 1713 that the village had 
a church, and a settled minister shortly 
before. It had norepresentativeuntilafter 
lllSil and no scliool until after ITUO. 

The deaths of (iovernors Cradock and 
Winthrop cast this unfortunately over- 
patronized plantation in gloom and hard- 
ship. Cradock's estate was divided into 
large tracts. The General Court exemiited 
it from taxation. 




VIKW OK MEDFORD SQUARE IX 1S31I 



building in Medford, was itslirick making. 
Hecause of the valuable clay deposits of 
the soil, it was, and is to some extent to- 
day, an extensive and jirofitable business. 

Another industry, known all over the 
Universe, — an industry held in good re- 
pute by our Medford ancestors, — was the 
making of rum. 

We may hold the memory of Mathew 
Cradock in deeper respect when we recall 
the words which lie sent to the Colonists, 
in that they " live unblamable lives ami 
without reproach and demean themselves 
justly and courteously toward the In- 
dians." This advice was apparently fol- 
lowed by the early Colonists at Medford, 
where were situated the Indian tribes of 
the Massachusetts and Pawtuckets. 



that, as he said, "it shall learn to know 
his (i(jd." 

Remnants of theliuliantribeswere com- 
mon in ile(lfi>rd until the beginning of the 
eighteenth century, when at last they be- 
<-ame the hapless victims to the encroach- 
ment of civilization. 

The little settlement at Medford Nour- 
ished and I5rospereduntill041,whenupon 
the death of its patron, Mathew Cradock, 
the blessings of his establishment and jiat- 
ronage were withdrawn. The fishermen, 
coopers, woodchoppers and shijiwrights 
sought other fields, and the peojjle left 
were few in number and so poor that 
they could not support a settled minis- 
ter, — the last humiliation a Puritan com- 
munity could be called upon to endure. It 



" l(j41. It is ordered that all fariups 
tliat are witliin the bounds of any town 
should bee of the towne in w'"'' they lye, 
exce]it Meadford." 

And later, in 1084, the General Court, 
upon a "petition of the inhabitants in 
Meadford," took the following action: — 

"•Jl Octo. 1084. The magists judg meet 
to grant ye petioners' request and de- 
clare Meadford hath bitin and is a pecul- 
iar and haue ]iowers as other Townes as 
to prudential Is and tlieir brethren the dep- 
uties hereto consenting. 

Ki>w. Rawson, Secret. 
Consented to by the Deimties. 

Wii, 1,1AM ToHRKT, Clerie." 
( K.rlnii-ls/i-itiii i'lihinkil Hfconlx. ) 

By reason of the unusual conditions of 
the settlement in the first half century of 



MKDFOrH), PAST A.\l) I'UKSKNT 



its lifi', JlciUdnl was never inecirporated a 
Town, althiiUfih many printeil authori- 
ties speak of Medforil as a Town, incor- 
|)orat^d in 1030; but this is an error 
arising from the fact that taxes were as- 
sessed to the settlement, whicli were paid 
by Cradock. 

After the deaths of Cradock and Win- 
throp, Medford passed many years of un- 
certain prosperity, — years of hardship 
and disajipointment, of which there is 
very meagre rei>ort. T}ie records, even 
tliough lost, could hardly have been com- 
plete, for as was the case in all the early 
settlements, tlie Colonists and tlieir im- 



of soldiers to the Indian and French wars, 
and later in that ej>och of patriotic excite- 
ment wliich culminated in the Revolution, 
its inhabitants were in full sympathy with 
tlie sentiment of the times and performed 
valiant service in behalf of liberty and the 
cause of their country. 

Tliese facts of tlie early history of Med- 
ford can never be spoken of in a spirit 
of disparagement, either in the case of 
the early inhabitants, or that magnifi- 
cent man, Mathew Cradock; for they 
were the result of exceptional circum- 
stances and jiortray an example of adver- 
sity and liardship which often confronted 



He caused mucli unhappiness to the com- 
munity, and after a long and tedious con- 
troversy between the inhabitants and 
Woodbridge involving compensation and 
as to the question of his being a settled 
minister, the General Court declared that 
he "was not legally the minister," and 
ordered the community "to settle an- 
other without delay." The people then 
"humbly begged the General Court not 
to impose a minister upon them without 
tlieir consent" and voted in spiritual 
equity to Woodbridge: "The difference 
hath been as tenderly, carefully and well 
managed as we could." 




MEDFORD SQUARE AS IT IS TO-DAV 



mediate successors were not occupied 
with the recording of history or the glo- 
ries of their past, but with the making of 
history and with the duties of the pres- 
ent and hopes of the future. 

After languishing many years, about 
171.5, the settlenu'ut began to recuperate 
and recover from its desperate circum- 
stances; for the honest yeomen, the bone 
and sinew of the Colonists, after being 
thrown upon their own res(mrces, proved 
and again established the standing of their 
race. With their numbers somewliat mul- 
tiplied, they at last brought renewed life 
and vigor into the .settlenumt, so that it 
played a creilitable part in the events of 
early American liistory. It sent its quota 



those sturdy pioneers of the cdd days. 

That heroic sjiirit which carried them 
through the limg and painful period of 
misfortune was strengthened by the pul- 
pit, although Jledford had no settled Min- 
ister or Church until alnujst the eiglit- 
eenth century; its people went elsewhere, 
and often some divine or tutor from 
Harvard College came to j)reach and ad- 
minister to their spiritual needs. 

The celebrated James Noyes, under 
Cradock's patronage, preached here in 
l(i:!4. The Reverend John Hancock, grand- 
father of the patriot, preached here in 
1092-03. Then the Reverend Benjamin 
Woodbridge, a litigious parson, got a 
tenacious grasp on the pulpitof Medfoi-d. 



In 1724, the advent of that enunent 
preacher, the Reverend Ebenezer Turrel, 
brought a long period of peace and hapi>i- 
nessto the community. He presided here 
until his death, in 177S. The third minister 
was the learned preacherand patriot, Rev- 
erend David Osgood, in 1774. Ilewasanex- 
ceediugly honu'Iy man. On one occasion 
he nu't a boy from Maiden in Medford 
Square. Being nearsighted, lie reniarke<l 
on learning the boy was from Maiden. 
" Oh! yes, you come from Maiden where 
they sell their minister," to which the boy 
retorted: "Medford would sell hers, but 
he is so iKunely nobody wants him." 

Tlie religion of those early days bred 
men ami women of sturdy, self-denying 



MEDFOUD, PAST AXD rUKSEST 



character in Medforil as in all Xew Eng- 
land, and prepared the way for a nation 
based on freedom and the rights of man. 
It was most fortunate tliat the ecclesias- 
tical polity was in harmony with the 
spirit of liberty, tliat democracy in the 
Church went hand in hand with democ- 
racy in the State. 

iledford, until 1040, was surrounded 
by Cluirlestown. In 1754, that part of 
Mfdford south of the Mystic, was setapart 
from Charlestown. Jledford at that time 
was a strip of land a mile wide and three 
miles long. 

Almost from the beginning and extend- 
ing to tlie latter part of the eighteenth 



tween lioston and Maine and Xew Hamp- 
shire for one hundred and fifty years. 

The Ford at Mystic, referred to by 
Cradock, was situated west of the pres- 
ent Cradock Bridge, aiul was in use until 
lGo9. The bridge was commenced the year 
XH'evious. 

Amusing, perhaps, were the customs of 
colonial times, and justice was done by 
the infliction of harsh methods. 

In 1047, Medford was under the follow- 
ing law: — 

"Ordered, tliat no lover shall seek tlie 
hand of his cliosen one till he has asked 
permission of her parents. Penalty fortirst 



tory. There theschoolboyscameand hung 
in rows on the gallery rail to learn uncon- 
sciously the science of government. Many 
are the anecdotes of those meetings. The 
last one held in Medford in the name of the 
King was early in 177.5. 

The story of a town is, in great part, the 
sti iry of the characteristics and acts of cer- 
tain individuals. Medford has had many 
characters called " peculiar," of marked 
Iiersonality, and who displayed traits of 
eccentricity. 

There was old Andrew IJlanchard, the 
most irascible of men, who could never 
endure any allusion to the new church 
which the First Parish had built because 




BIRTHTLACE OF LYDIA MARIA CHILD 



century, Medford was constantly engaged 
in litigation with the surrounding towns 
and the General Court concerning the 
building and repairing of Cradock Bridge, 
over the Mystic near Medford Square, 
which was but half built at Cradock's 
death. This bridge had a wonderful apti- 
tude for getting out of repair, as it was a 
public charge on the surrounding towns. 
It was the first toll bridge in New England 
and among the earliest in the country and 
also among the most imjiortant in the Col- 
ony. It was a part of the great thorough- 
fare used by travelers and trade between 
the Xorth and Boston, the course tlirough 
Medford being the nearest by land be- 



olTence, £.">; second, t' 10, and for third, iui- 
jirisonment." 

People were wliijiped f(ir uttering mali- 
cious and scandalous speech, punishe<l by 
tine and stocks for swearing. The stocks 
and pillory, whippingpost, gag and duck- 
ing school were the instruments of justice 
here. In the meeting house, conspicuous 
was the "stool of repentance," on which 
sat moral culprits during divine service. 

The curious and sumptuary laws of 
these olden days are familiar to all, as is 
also that great day of the New England 
town — Town Meeting Day — and itsevents. 
Every town had in its political organiza- 
tion — the town meeting — a distinct his- 



lic liad lost his pew in the old one. He 
never set his foot in the new one. His in- 
timates liked to goad him by introducing 
the objectionable topic, for then old gen- 
tlemen were much addicted to guying 
each other. On such provocation, Mr. 
Blancliard would leap from his chair and 
enipliasize a passionate protest with raps 
of his cane. 

Then there was old William Bradbury, 
who would never stay in church after VJ 
o'clock. As soon as the clock sounded its 
first note, he jumped from his seat, seized 
his hat, opened the pew door, slammed it, 
and wratlifully stumped his way out of 
the chunh. 



MEDFOim, I'AST Ay I) J'llKSEyT 



The people of Medford, litigious as tlicy 
were, were their own lawyers, and imt 
until 1800, did the first lawyer appear in 
the person of Timothy Bigelow,sonof the 
Revolutionary hero. He was pre-eminent 
in his profession, a man of distinction, 
liaving been Speaker of the House of Rep- 
resentatives for thirteen years, that being 
the longest term of service in that ca- 
pacity ever held by any one person. 

The first iihysician was Dr. Tufts, com- 
ing to Sledford nearly a century after its 
settlement, in 1724. 

In those stirring and memorable days, 
prior to the Revolution, and in the activ- 
ity and important events leading to that 



to defend and preserve " the security of 
their rights and privileges." The various 
arbitrary acts of Imposition by a rot- 
ten government, the offended dignity and 
cupidity of the King, a fickle ministry, 
liroduced in succession, the Stamp Act, 
Port Bill, Tea Tax; and at last, to enforce 
the collection of revenue, came the Brit- 
ish regulars to Boston. Then affairs as- 
sumed a serious aspect. The ire of the 
American was aroused. Then came the 
Boston Massacre, wherein a lad from 
Medford, John Clark, was shot. The send- 
ing of spies through the towns by Gage 
angered the people, and Minutemen 
or companies of Militia were formed. 



God and Freedom was the watchword. 
Conservatism was swept away. At last 
the hour of action came. On the eight- 
eenth of April vague rumors came by 
travelers from Boston of an excursion of 
the British to Concord. Evening brought 
no definite news. The 9 o'clock toll was 
rung, the candles were put out; the vil- 
lage became cjuiet. Then: 

" A hurry of hoofs in a village street, 
A shape in the moonlight, a hulk in the ilark, 
And heneath, from the pebbles, in passing, a 

siiark 
Struck out by a steed Hying fearless and fleet : 
That was all ! And yet, through the gloom and 

the light, 
The fate of a nation was riding that night ; 




THE UI.D SIMPSON TAVERN 



great world drama, Medford, like other 
towns around Boston, played its jiart. It 
had its martyrs and patrifits and Tories 
alike. The honor roll of Medford in the 
Revolution contains the names of many 
distinguished men, and here and there a 
woman. All honor to those noble women, 
whose names are unrecorded, yet, who, 
during those sad years of hardship and 
loss, toiled at the spinning wheel and in 
the hospital and field, melted their pew- 
ter and moulded bullets, in the noble cause 
of their country. Unrecorded and forgot- 
ten, though not tlie less to be honored and 
worthy of emulation. 

In 1773, the people of Medford resolved 



and committees of safety were appointed. 

The records of Medford are full of the 
most clear and stirring expressions of 
patriotism with constant reference to the 
oppression of the Crown. 

When the stock of powder of the vari- 
ous towns, stored at Old Powder House, 
in Somerville, was removed one early 
morning by two hundred and fifty troops 
coming up the Mystic, the anger fif the 
jieoiile of Medford knew no bounds and 
soon thereafter the maxim at Medford 
was: 

" F.very citizen a soldier, every soldier a 
patriot." 

Their minds glowed and, as elsewhere. 



And the spark struck out by that steed in his 

flight. 
Kindled the land into flame with its heat." 

The messenger of war, Paul Revere, had 
sounded the " reveille to humanity."' The 
captain of the Minutemen at Medford 
was called to duty, and on throughout 
the countryside the quiet villages were 
aroused to defense. 

Before daybreak of the nineteenth, the 
Medford company of Minutemen, fifty- 
nine in nitmber, were on the road to 
Concord, where another son of Jledford 
as Captain of the Reading Jlinutemen, 
.John Brooks, joined them, and encoim- 
tered the British at Merriam's Corner, 



MEDFOIil), VAST AM) 1'HESENT 



pursuingthembaok to Charlestown. The 
Reverend Edwanl Brooks, tile (Usnitied 
parson, rode oft' on his horse with his mus- 
ket to battle. He returned at night, battle- 
stained, with a King's lieutenant as his 
prisoner. His wife served chocolate dur- 
ing the day to the men as they went 
by, crying "On to Jlenotoniy."' Old and 
young alike partook of her kind hospi- 
tality. The people of Medford watched 
anxiously from the housetops the tight at 
Jtenotomy. Not all the Medford jmtriots 
returned. 

One Medford farmer, upon learning of 
the tight, seized his gun and started. His 
wife exclaimed, " Why, husband, you are 
notgf)ing withoutyourdinner! " "Yes, I 
am," he replied. "I am going to take 
]iii\vderand balls for my dinner to-day, 
or to give them some." 

Soon after came Bunker Hill, when 
again with anxious hearts those at home 
watched the battle, for all that could 
had gone to the battlefield. Medford be- 
came the hea<lquarters for Stark's Xew 
Ilamjishire Regiment, it being stationed 
a t the Koyallllouse, the magnilicent home 
of a weak-hearted Tory. 

From this time on throughout the Rev( >- 
lution, the hills and valleys of Medford, 
Somerville and Cambridge were a rendez- 
vous where patrif)ts camped, marched 
and fimght in their struggle for huinan 
equality. 

Many and interesting are the tales of 
our local patriots. 

There was Ilarrv l!ond. tlie blarksmith 




THE GOVERNOR BROOKS HOMESTE.\D 



of the village, in whose shop, situated at 
the corner of Main street and the Turn- 
jiike, many a patriot scheme was planned 
and nnf<dded and where all travelers 
stopped to learn the news. Early and late 
the busy smithy was there, and amidst 
his glowing sparks the troubled affairs uf 
the country were discussed. 

The taverns of the old village, of which 
there is now faint yet fcmd recollection, 
were the stamping grounds for lawyers, 
traders, villagers, village loungers and so 
fin. Brooks" History says: " Medford was 
favored in good tavern keepers." 




p\ Hill >h 



The taverns of Medford became a fa- 
vorite retreat for the Hessian and British 
officers of Burgoyne's army, when, as 
jirisoners, they were quartered at Winte r 
Hill. They were treated well, for old- 
fashioned hospitality would not refuse 
to make endurable the enforced stay of 
the conquered enemy. 

Not far from the smithy's headquar- 
ters and from these famous inns was the 
Ki lyall House, the rendezvous of the Tory 
and adherents of the King, where amidst 
grand surroundings, feasting and wine, 
the important questions of the day were 
si-offed at and but lightly treated. 

The patriot smithy fell at Bunker Hill. 
He informed his wife, the night before, 
he was going to the battle on the morrow 
to serve his country. The tall, stalwart 
form of Harry Bond was seen waving 
aloft, at the clo.se of the battle, the colo- 
nial flag, whenthe fabil buUetof a grena- 
dier laid him low. His (dd blacksmith 
shop, a weather-beaten, unpretentious af- 
fair, very soon disappeared. The Royall 
House, the nursery of Tory schemes, still 
stands. 

The ill-fated expedition to Quebec, 
under Arn<dd, caiuped in Medford on the 
night of September 18, on its way. 

During the siege of Boston, detach- 
ments of the Bi'itish soldiers often came 
across the river, under jirotection of their 
ships, searching for fuel in Medford. 

One day a load of wood, intended for 
the troops at Cambridge, was expected to 
come through the town, and one of these 



MKDFOHJl, /M.S7' A\J) jfV.'A',Si,'A7' 



bands (if soldiers was there before it. 
Sarah Fultmi, knowing tliat tlie wood 
would be lost unless something was dune, 
and hoping that private property would 
be respected, sent her husband to meet 
tile team, buy the load and bring it home. 
He carried out the tirst part of the pro- 
gram, but on the way to the house, he 
met the soldiers, who seized the wood. 

When his.good wife heard the story, she 
threw on a shawl and went in pursuit. 
Overtaking the party, she took the oxen 
by the horns and turned them around. 
The nu'u tlireatened to shoot her, but she 
sliouted defiantly as she started her team: 
"Shoot away!" Astonishment, admira- 
tion and amusement were too much for 
tlie regulars, an<l they unconditionally 
surrendered. 

Soon after, Major Brooks, later our 
honored Governor, was given despatches 
by (ieneral Washington which must be 
delivered inside the enejuy's lines. Late 
one night he came to John Fulton, 
knowing his patriotism and his intimate 
knowledge of Boston, an<l asked him to 
undertake the trust. Fulton was unable 
to go, but his wife volunteered. Iler olfcr 
was accepted. 

A long, lonely and dangerous walk it 
was to the water side in Charlestown; 
but she reached there in safety, and find- 
ing a boat, rowed across the river. Cau- 
tiously making her way to the place she 
sought, she delivered her despatches and 
returned as she liad come. Wlien the tirst 
break of dawn appeared, she stood safe 
on her own doorstone. 

In recognition of her service. Generals 
Washington and Lafayette visite(l licr 
later at Medford. 

Among the men of Medford who served 
in the Revolutionary armies was Colonel 




THE OLD SLAVE WALI,, WEST MEUFORIJ 



.I..hn Brooks, one of the most trusted of 
Washington's officers. lie was a promi- 
nent figure in the struggle for national 
in<lependence and one of the most distin- 
guished sons of Medford, a military 
leader of skill and daring, and was for 
seven years Governor of the Common- 
wealth. In the words of the historian: 
" Xever has there died among us a man 
so widely known, so highly honored, so 
tiuly loved, and so deeply lamented." 

Medford men were with Washington at 
Monmouth, at Brandywine, at the cross- 
ing of tlie Delaware and in other places, 
and fought bravely for the liberties and 
independence of their country. Among 
odiers were Colonel Francis, the hero of 
I lubbardton fight, and Captain Tritchard, 
tlie cooper of Medford, a brave officer and 
a favorite in the army. 



m^imwt M 




LAUNCH OF THE • FILGKL^L" AT FUtiTEUS SHU" VAULl 



The ]iatriotic spirit of the men of 
Medfoi-d at tlie beginning of the Rev(du- 
lioM w:is well carried forth and ou by 
tlii-ir heroic dcccls during the war, and at 
ils close those remaining returned once 
more to Mcdfonl to be held in respect 
loicl lioriori'd by their posterity. Medfoi-d's 
roll in the Uevolution was a long one. 

Slavery existed in Medford, and in the 
Kevcdutionary days many slaves enlisted, 
tliereby becoming free. 

In the War of lf<l:i, Medford again sent 
its quota of men. Dr. Osgood prea<'hed 
the following words when the war was 
imminent: 

•• I have not forgotten, nor can I forget 
wliile consciousness abides with me, my 
own jncntal suttering during the jieriod 
of onr former war through eight long 
years, whose lingering pace, while hope 
was deferred and the heart sickened with 
jiain and anguish, seemed without end. 
A burden lay upon my spirits by day and 
by night almost too heavy for frail mor- 
tal to sustain. . . . Thus daily lamenting 
and praying against the miseries of the 
war, I passed through that most gloomy 
jiortion of my jiast life from 1TT5 till the 
transporting sound of jieace in 178:)." 

During the nineteenth century Medfor-d 
]iassed its most important era. All its iri- 
<lustries reaidied the pinnacle of pros- 
perity. In 180:!, the Middlesex Canal was 
ojiened for navigation, traces of which are 
still extant. It was a great feat of engi- 
neering, but a dismal failure financially. 

All along the old canal which passed 
through Medford, taverns were built. The 
temperance feeling of Xew England was 



MEDFOHD, PAST AXD PUESENT 



as yet not strong, and " in the taverns a 
barrel of okl Medford (rum), surmounteil 
by a pitcher of molasses, scoring flimsy 
subterfugeot modern times,boUlly invited 
its patrons to draw and mix at their own 
sweet will." 

" Plenty of drunkenness. Uncle Joe, in 
those days'?" was asked once of an ancient 
boatman who was dilating upon the good 
old times. "Bless your heart, no!" was 
the answer. "Mr. Eddy don't put up with 
no drunkards on the canal. They could 
drink all night, Sir, and be steady as an 
eight day clock." 

The passing of the enterprise was sig- 
nalized by the opening of the Boston & 
Lowell Railroad in 1831. 

Slavery and anti-slavery and the Civil 
war brought forth some of the most dis- 
tinguished citizens of Medford. 

Lydia Maria Child, whose literary abil- 
ity was of prime importance in the anti- 
slavery movement, was a distinguished 
woman of Medford. Her character and her 
works are perpetuated by the Historical 
Society which owns and occupies the his- 
toric residence where she was born and 
lived. 

Her name recalls those early and inter- 
esting recollections of Medford's private 
schools, or "dame schools." Lydia Maria 
Childs was on one occasion deeply morti- 
fied because Governor Brooks found her 
drinking tea from the spout of her teapot. 
As a novelist and writer, she was well 
known, and was the friend of Whittier, 
Garrison, Wendell Phillips and other fa- 
mous men of that period. 

Among others in the anti-slavery move- 
ment at Medford was the Reverend John 
Pierpont, a giant in that strife, a lawyer 
and divine. The monument to his mem- 
ory is inscribed, "Poet, Patriot, Preacher, 
Philosopher, Philanthropist." 

Major George L. Stearns, the leader of 
the colored regiment and many others, 
some of whom are still living, made up 
the brave company of Minute Men of '01 
from Medford. 

Medford sent her full quota during the 
Civil war to maintain the integrity of 
the Union, and some of her st>ns held 
high military offices in tlie service of our 
country during the stirring times from 
18(31-0.5. The Lawrence Light Guard was 
one of the first companies to volunteer in 
1861, and one of the last to be mustered 
out of service in 186.5, and again in 1898. 
Medford has always voted generously to 
support the country in time of need. Her 




HERBERT A. WE1T52 



sons have never been found wanting, for 
they have fought in every battlefield since 
the birth of our Republic. 

The Tories of Medford in Revolutionary 
days, such as Royall, were not treated 
unkindly. It is pleasantly said that " to 
carry on his farm after his departure was 
found to be sometimes difficult: for the 
honest man's scythe refused to cut Tory 
grass, and his oxen would not plough 
Tory ground." 

So true a friend, so generous a bene- 
factor, so useful a citizen, — for he was a 
representative to the General Court and 
for years a councillor, — and so true a 
Christian was Royall, that we may in 
part pardon his weak heart, cowardice 
and Toryism. 



Royall died in England, broken-hearted 
and disgraced. He bequeathed two thou- 
sand acres of land to found the first law 
professorship at Harvard University. 

There was another Tory in Medford 
Joseph Thompson, who chartered a ship 
and committed depredations upon the 
people. 

The historic treasures of old Medford 
have during the past decade fast disap- 
peared, as at one time, at almost every 
corner, one could turn some page of his- 
tory. The march of progress, forgetful- 
ness of the past, by a careless public, 
have erased Tuuch of value. 

The Medford Historical Society has 
done much to preserve ancient historic 



12 



MKliFdHlK I'A.ST AJSD PRESENT 



Iiniiirs, ri'cnrds :ui(l lucnuiiH-ntts and to 
keep alive the i5atriotic spirit, as has 
also Meilford's foremost citizen, General 
Samuel C. Lawrence. 

On the old Andover Turnpike, passing 
Spot Pond, may be seen evidence of the 
settlement of the Scotch-Irish, who came 
from Londonderry, X. H., in 171i1, intro- 
ducing the foot siiinning wheel and the 
cultureof potatoes. ( )nc ramblingtlirougli 
the Fells may see evidence of this settle- 
ment, — idd orchards, ruins of old cellars, 
clumps of old familiar garden flowers, 
"lingering lovingly around fild mossy 



launched. The other two industries still 
exist. 

Tlie old muster ground during the war 
became the famous Mystic Park track, a 
rendezvous of the renowned horsemen 
and horses for more than a quarter of a 
century. A wave of virtuous sentiment, a 
few years past, overcame the community, 
and the oncefamous sporting ground was 
dismantled, and there now remains but 
fond reccdlection and the ruins of this 
popular old race track. 

The population of Medford steadily in- 
creased, and although business and man- 



Tlu' early settlement of Medford under 
the patronage of Mathew Cradock and 
the iiiunediate leadership and wisdom of 
Winthrop and Dudley, was not less aus- 
picious than the beginning of its munici- 
pal career. 

Medford's first Mayor was that distin- 
gtushed stddier and public-sjiirited citi- 
zen. General Samuel C. Lawrence, whose 
administration of the city was afortunate 
one. His devotion to public duty and the 
integrity and wisdom of his administra- 
tion were a worthy examiile to his suc- 
cessors in the public service. 




MEDFOKD SQUARE, SHOWING THE OLD TOWN PUMP 



crundjling walls," with other tokens of 
places once occupied, now deserte<l. 

The nanu's of many old families of early 
Mc<lford are yet extant in the public- 
spirited citizens of Medford tt)-day. 

During the period immediately follow- 
ing the Civil war, Medford was a flourish- 
ing and industrious little village. 

The shipbuilding, rum and brickmak- 
ing industries were very i>rosperous. The 
shi]il)uil(ling came to a close in 1S73, 
when the last s]iii> built at Jledford was 



utacturing interests languished and no 
new interests settled here, the village 
flourished until it was incorporated a city 
in 18fl2. 

Its civic life, prior to its incorporation, 
was not unlike that of other villages and 
ci>mmunities. Its affairs were adminis- 
tered in old New England style, and not- 
withstanding it was never incorporated 
a Town, town meetings were held in the 
good old way, and public affairs were 
well nuinagcd. 



lie has done much to make Medford 
what it is to-day. He presented Medford 
with one of tlic finest and liest con- 
structed Ariuoiy l)uildings in the world 
as the lionic of the local military com- 
pany, the Lawrence Light (iuard. This 
magniticent gift is a fitting monument to 
his devotion to Medford and his public 

service. 

His successors as Mayor were Baxter 
E. Perry, Lewis H. Lovcring, Charles S. 



13 



MKDFOUI), PAST A.MJ 7 '/?/■> AW 7 



Baxter and the present emiiiiibeiit of tlie 
office, Micliael F. Dwyer. 

"Such," in the ■words of one of its his- 
torians, "is J[e<lford, the home of kind- 
ness and hospitality and a noble type of 
Xew England Town.'' 

Thus has Jledford become the old, 
beautiful, patriotic and flourishing city of 
the present, enshrined in an honorable 
and historic jiast, which is coupled with 
the great epochal dramas of our country's 
history. Herein lies the boastful pride 
of its citizens: a reason for the preserva- 
tion of its identity; a basis for the i)ro- 



lington and Winchester on the west. Thus 
it is situated in the centre of a vista of 
charming towns and cities, which are to- 
day renowned as the northern paradise 
of Boston. They are an important section 
of suburban Boston which has been the 
delight for the traveler far and near, who 
comes to Boston. 

The electric and steam railways have 
made Medford very easy of access, and 
connect the various sections of Medford, 
West Medford, South Medford, East Med- 
ford, or Glenwood and Wellington. 

The Mystic River, connecting the Mys- 



at the Square and thus make an extended 
course from the lakes to the Square, for 
acquatic sports, which with the boulevard 
to run beside the river connecting with the 
Wellington boulevard, will be a matter of 
importance to the City when completed. 

To the north, and comprising a con- 
siderable portion of the City, is that much 
esteemed tract of wilderness and forest, 
the Middlesex Fells, now converted into 
a jHiblic reservation. Bordering this is 
the picturesque Spot Pond. 

During the last century, Spot Pond and 
its surroundings became a favorite and 




.\ VIEW FROM THE KIVER 



gressiveness and strong condition and 
position of to-day; an example and im- 
petus to effort for a bright and hopeful 
future. 

(Jeograpically, Medford has a favora- 
ble position: situated in the southeastern 
jiartof Middlesex County, and less than 
five miles northwesterly from Bost<m. 

Medford is surrounded by Winchester 
and Stoneham on the north, Melrose, 
Maiden and Everett on the east, Somer- 
ville on the south and southwest, and Ar- 



tie Lakes on the western borders of the 
City, pursues a serpentine course in a 
southeasterly direction, passing through 
the south central part of Medford, and 
joining the Maiden River at Everett, and 
thence to the harbor. 

This river has made Medford famous, 
and the City, situated as it is in relation to 
the river, is perfectly drained ; a fact which 
has had much influence upon the climatic 
and healthful conditions of the City. 

It is now contemplated to dam the river 



frequent retreat for fishing and hunting. 
Daniel Webster, with Elbridge Gerry, 
the "Nimrod " of the Fells, as his guide 
and companion, was especially fond of 
this I'etreat. 

The story (jf lite and happenings about 
the jiond are interesting and romantic. 

" liio-J. February". The governour, Mr. 
Nowell, Mr. P^liot, and others, went over 
Mistic Kiver at Medford and going N. and 
by E. among the rocks about two or three 
niiles, they came to a very great pond, 



MFDFOTtn, PAST AND PRESENT 



having in the iui<lstaii islaiiil of about <me 
acre, anil very tiiiek with trees of j)ine 
anil beeeh (birch) ; and tlie jiontl liad div- 
ers small roeks standing np lure and 
there in it, which they therefore called 
Spot I'ond. They went all al>out it upon 
the ice. Fnmi thence (towards the N. W. 
about half a mile) they came to the top 
(if a v<'ry higli rock, beneath which, (to- 



deep interest iu the public schools, and 
t(j-day we have a system of public educa- 
tion which is the pride of the citizens; 
modern and well equipped school build- 
ings, and an excellent teaching force. 
This is one of the most important attrac- 
tions iu making Medford a residential 



wards the N.) lies a goodly plain, part '■''^y- 



open land, and part wofxly. . . . This 
iJace they called Cheese Koek, because, 
when they weiit to eat somewhat, they 
had no elieese, (the g<ivernour's man, 
foi-getting, for haste, to put up some 
br(':i(l.)" ' 



There are many fine church edifices and 
all the religious organizations are in a 
robust and progressive condition. 

Tolitically, our City, I imagine, is as 
enlightened, pure and well administered 
(.Ill/ill Wiiitlniiji'sllixl.nf Xcii^ KiiiiIkiiiI.) as the average municipality. 



The surface of Jledforcl is bi^autifnlly 
diversified, and frcmi the many promi- 
nent hills north of the City, including 
the very costly observatory of General 
Lawrence, delightful views of lioston and 
ueighboringtownsandcitiesandthe ocean 
are obtained. 

Thus tlie positifin of Medford, geii- 
graphically, is ideal; the climate, goo<l; 
and the reputation as to the healthfiil con- 
<lition of the City for over a century is 
excellent. 

A considerable portion of Jledfojcl, par- 
ticularly the southern part, is underlaid 
by afinti clay, from which in earlier days, 
the brickmaking industry flourished. 

(iovernor Winthrop, writing to his son, 
runs a j)arallel between the soil of the 
Mystii- and its neighborhoo<l and tlic soil 
of England: — 

" Here is as good hind as I liavi' seen 
tlu'i'e, though none so bad as tliiTi'. Here 
ran lie no want of anything to tliose wlio 
liring means to raise out of tlie earth and 
sea." 



In l(i:;o, h. 



wrote t. 



"My dear wife, 
paradise."' 



1 1 i s \v i tc : 
e live hen 



Farming soon became extinct bv reason 



Jlaiiy clubs, social, charitable and fra- 
ternal societies and organizations eon- 
tribute to tlie social position of Medford. 

Medford has always been a residential 
settlement. In "ye olden time," new- 
comers to town were carefully scrutin- 
ized, and if found wanting, were infonmil 
by the committee or selectmen to leave 
town. 

A little over a century ago a visitor 
wrote the following: — 

••i>n (lur ji>inney thnnigh Jlistick, 
which is a small town of ab't a hundreil 
houses, i>leasantly situated, near to which 
is a fine country seat belonging to Isaac 
Koyall, being one of the grandest in N. 
America." 

Thus early it had a reputation for what 
it is to-day. To-day, as then, Medford has 
its fine estates and residences, with a 
poinilation of nearly twenty-one thou- 
sand. Throughout the City one is pleased 
w itli the attractive and well built houses 
and lawns that may be seen. 

Medford, beautifully situated (in rising 
ground, on both sides of the Mystic 
Kiver, is built up iu au attractive style, 
with good roads, most of which are 
macadamized; good railroad service; ex- 
cellent water and sewerage systems, re- 



of the increasing value of land, which has suiting from the Metropolitan systems; 

increased in value in Medfcird from ten surrounded by the beautiful Middlesex 

sliillings anacre, in lOo."), to the high val- Fells on the north; and interspersed 

ues of the iiresent day. throughout the City are small public 

Medford can lay no claim to having au parks and playgrounds. Surrounding the 

industrial or nuiiuifactiiring reputation City are fine boulevards connecting with 

to-day, for with an exception or two, the great Metropolitan system around 

there are no important manufacturing lioston. 

plants located here. Throughout Medford, are several at 

Kdncationally, our City is on an equal- tractive streets ornamented with shade 

ity with any in our Commonwealth. The trees. From many points throughout the 

people of Medford have always taken a City, one is impressed with the pictur- 



esque views t(i \w had. The natural 
beauty of Medforil and its environments 
has been enhanced by the treatment prin- 
cipally bronglit about by the Metropoli- 
tan systems, and there is ample evidence 
that the art of man has been able to 
re|ilace the wants of nature. 

Jlcdford has many advantages as a resi- 
dential city and few disadvantages. It is 
to-day a beautiful, well appointed subur- 
ban city, inviting every stranger who 
likes to stay for a few hours, or days, or 
permanently; for Medford offers to the 
visitors, or to those contemplating mak- 
ing it their home, something good and 
lieautiful. 

It is beautiful by nature, enhanced by 
tin- spirit of its citizens, for it all remains 
with them what the city and its institu- 
tions shall be socially, politically, resi- 
dentially and so on. 

The Medford of the past and the Med- 
ford of to-day is the product of industry, 
frugality and intelligence and of those 
nioial principles implanted here by the 
eaily I'liritan and Tilgrim. Kicher than 
they and their successors by the wealth 
of their example, let us remember that 
the only conditions of life are change and 
progress. 

It is our duty to preserve and transmit 
the blessings of our inheritance unim- 
paired, — rather, improved, — in civic pur. 
ity, to the generations that are to succeed 
us. This superior trust can only be exe- 
cuted by maintaining the virtue of our 
ancestors, for the same agencies which en- 
al>lcd them to acquire will be needed to 
enalile us to preserve. 

".V jieople which takes no pride in the 
nolde achievements of remoter ancestors," 
wrote Macauley "will never achieve any- 
thing worthy to be remembered with 
pride by remote descendants." 

"Let us now |iraise famous men, and 
our fathers that begat us. 

.\11 these were honored iiL tlieir genera- 
tions, and were the ghiry of their times. 

Tliere be of them, that have left a name 
behind them, that their praises might be 
reported." 

(EcctcKtustirits, xliv. 1, T, S.J 



AiiTiionrriKS: — Colnnial Recurd, Mass. Hist. 
Snc. Collections, Wintlirop Hist, of New England, 
Fiiitliingliam Hist, of Charleston, Brooks' Hist., 
Usher.s' Jtist. of Medford, Hntchinsons', etc.. 
Town Records of Medford, Historical Regt'ter, 
Medford Hist. Society. 



15 




SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE, FIRST MAYOR OF Medfobd 



Hi^oric Houses of Medford 



I'.Y .loriN 11. lIooPEli 




OLB 1®¥a'L1L n®m% ° ISD® °yned/or(],A\ass. 



IN sjieakiiig <if the Historic liduses of 
Medford, I shall endeavor to arrange 
them in the order of their erection as 
near as can be estimated. 

THK ROY ALL HOUSE 
I consider the Koyall House, or rather 
the oi'iginal building that now forms a 
Jiartot the present structure, entitled to 
the claim of priority; it was built as a 
ri'sidenoe for the tenants of Governor 
Winthrop's Ten Hills Farm, very likely 
during the lifetime of the governor. This 
original building is the front part of the 
present structure. It was oi brick forty- 
tive feet in length and eighteen feet in 
width, two stories in height, making (in- 
cluding the garrets) a six room house. 
The top of the plate uoipu which the 



rafters rested, being about three feet 
above the garret floor, nmde tuese rooms 
very comfortable ones. The two end and 
rear walls are still standing. The front 
wall, which was also jjrobably of brick, 
has been replaced by the present wooden 
front. Two dormer windows on the east 
slope of tlie roof furnislied light and air 
for tlie garrets, and in the center of the 
building, over the stairway, was another 
dormer window as high up as the ridge 
of the roof, which furnished light and air 
for the uiiper entry and staircase. The 
position of the entries or hallway was in 
the middle of the building as at present. 
There were two chimneys, one at each 
end of the building. From this old stnu'- 
tnre, aftermany cliaMges.hasbeenevolvi'il 



the present Koyall House. { .Sec I'o?. ,l,Xi>. 
4, "/ the ili'ilford IliitnricKl liifijisti'r.) 

All that x>ortion of the Ten Hills Farm 
now situated in Medford, came into the 
possession of Lieutenant Governor John 
Usher, through his wife Elizabeth Lidgett 
U.sher, in the year 1092. Mr. Usher came 
to reside on his farm in the year 1097 and 
continued here until his death, in the year 
1720. His heirs conveyed to Isaac Koyall, 
senior, in the year 1732. Mr. Koyall re- 
sided here from tlie year 17^57 to 1739, the 
date of his death. His son, Isaac Koyall, 
junior, succeeded to the estate, and it is 
supposed that under his directions the 
mansion assumed its present shape. By 
the annexation of the Koyall Farm and 
other estates on the south side of the 



Mhiir<>i:ii. r.isT AM) i-UKshwr 




OLD WELr.IN'GTOV HOUSE, FORMERTA' THE I'.T.AXrHARD ESTATE 



Mystic River to the town of Jledford, in 
the year 17')4, Colonel Royall beeame a 
resident of Medford and took great in- 
terest in the welfare of the town. The 
breaking out of the war of the Revolution 
found him halting between two ox^inions. 
His fears finally prevailed, and he left his 
home April 1(1, 1117), never to return. He 
died in England, in the year 1781. His es- 
tate was conliscated by the Common- 
wealth of Massachusetts. The mansion 
house was the favorite quarters of the 
American officers during the seige of 
Boston. 

The old Slave Quarteis share with the 
mansion house the interest that attaches 
to the whole estate. The Royall House is 
now owned by Miss Catherine Geer. 

WELLINGTON KAIIMIIOUSB 

On April 1, 1G:!4, the General Court 
granted to Reverend .J<ihu Wilson, of 
Boston, two hundred acres, being a 
promontory into the marshes and later 
called Wilson's Point, and bounded by 
Jlistick River, Maiden River, Norwell's 
Farm, and Jledford, or Cradock Farm. 
On the highland be built (about 16o"-:;s) 
the farmhouse now standing and sold in 
llioO the whole place with buildings for 
two hundred pounds to Thomas Hlan- 
chard, of Uraintree. 

In If)")."), it was divided between George 
an<l \;itlc.iniel Hlanchard. In the deed of 



Xathaniel to his brother Samuel, in 10.57, 
lie reserved the house; aiul it is stated 
that Samuel was building a house on 
an acre of ground called "The Flax 
Land," lying lengthways between tlie 
highway and the swamp. In 170.'5, how- 
ever, there was only the original old 
house standing and occupied by Captain 
Wymond Bradbury, a mariner, and for- 
merly of Xewburyport. It was now known 
as llianchard's Point. All the earlier re- 
cords call the place "Wilson's" or 
" Blanchard's" Point, Charlestown, then 
" Maiden"; and in 1819, " Part in Maiden 
and Part in Medford." One hundred and 
twenty acres of the farm were annexed 
to Medford in 181G, which explains that 
dillercnce. Tlie house was on tlu' jjart in- 
cluded in Medford. 

In 181'.1, tlie whole farm, now called 
one hundred and eighty-three acres, was 
inircliased by Isaac and James Welling- 
ton, of Lexington, for some six thousand 
dollars. They married two sisters and 
lived in tlie old house, where they 
brought up their respective families of 
five and three children from a common 
purse. The old ht)use has always n-- 
uiained in the po.ssession of the Welling- 
ton family and to-day is in perfect state 
of preservation. 

TUB PKTER TUFTS HOUSE 

This house is commonly known as the 



Cradock House. It stands on Riverside 
avenue upon laud wliich was once a part 
of the Cradock plantation. In the year 
1077, Richard Russell sold to Peter Tufts, 
of Maiden, three hundred and fifty acres 
of land with one dwelling house and barn. 
Tliis house and barn stood about ninety 
rods distant easterly from the so-called 
Cradock House. In the year 1080, Peter 
Tufts sold one-half part of the land pur- 
chased of Mr. Russell, with housings, to 
his son, Captain Peter Tufts. The one 
dwelling house and barn were not in- 
cluded in this sale. Captain Peter Tufts 
resided in Medford prior to the purchase 
of the estate from Mr. Russell, and no 
diudit lived in the one dwelling house 
while the brick house was building, which 
must have been in the year 1080. It is 
ilainied that this house was built as a 
defeiK-eagainst the Indians, but the power 
of the Indians had been destroyed before 
it was built. This house retains its orig- 
inal shape, and has within a few years 
been put in the best possible rejiair. It is 
now owned by General S. C. Lawrence. 

THE MAJOR JONATHAN WADE HOUSE 

This house is commonly known as the 
(iarrison House, although, like its pred- 
ecessor, the Peter Tufts House, it was 
built after all danger of Indian inroads 
had passed. It stands on Brooks lane on 



18 



MEitFoiti), J'AST Ayjj ri:±:!<KXT 



land purchased by .Iimalliaii Wade, senior, 
of Ipswich, Massachusetts, of Richard 
Russell in the year 1001, and is a part of 
the original Cradock grant. Mr. Wade, 
senior, died in the year 1083, and in his 
will gave to his son Jonathan one-half 
his farm at Jfistick with an old tenement 
and other biiildin};s. This old tenement 
is supposed to have been the original 
Cradock House, and it was occupied by 
Major Jonathan Wade until his new brick 
house was completed. Major Wade died 
in the year 1689; consequently the old 
Garrison House was built between the 
years 1083 and 1089. There have been 
changes in this building, but to what ex- 
tent it is impossible to determine; prob- 
al)ly the main building in its outward 
appearance remains substantially un- 
changed. There must have been an addi- 
tion, probably <in the back side, as in the 
division of the estate, a wash house was 
spoken of. 

Some people have supposed tliat as a 
Cock-loft f)ver the garret was also men- 
tioned, the house had a gambrel roof; but 
tliis does not follow as a matter i 'f course, 
for there were cock-lofts in houses with 
pitch roofs ; besides it is very unlikely that 
anyone would remove a gambrel roof with 
its roomy garrets and substitute a pitch 
roof with greatly inferior rooms.Thehouse 
is now in perfect repair and is owned by 
General S. C. Lawrence. 

THE SECCOMB HOUSE 

This house stands in the Square and 
was built, in the year 1750, by Thomas 
Seccomb, who was the Town (^lerk of 
Medford from the year 1745 to 1''00, both 
inclusive. It was used as a private dwell- 
ing until about the year 1800. when it 
was occupied by David Simpson as a 
hotel anil was known as Simpson's Hotel. 
It is now occupied as offlces by the City 
of Medford. It is owned by (ieneral S. C. 
Lawrenc". 

THE ANIHiEW HAM. HOUMi' 

Andrew Hall, son of .John and .Teminia 
{Syll) Hall, was born May 5, ViiS, and 
died June 24, 17.50. He built the house 
now standing on High street, nert west 
from the Savings Bank building. In the 
settlement of his estate, this house was 
set off to his widiiw, Mrs. Abigail Hall. 
Captain Isaac Hall, the Captain of the 
Medford Minutemcu, resided here in the 
year 1775, and he was aroused in the 
early morn of the nineteenth of April, 
1775, by Paul Revere, and notified of the 
march of the British troops to liexington 




JOHN H. HOOPER 



anil Conrnril. It is quite prniialtle tli;it 
this hiiuse has been outwardly changed 
by the addition of the third story. It is 
now owned by General S. C. Lawrence. 

THE KICUARR IIALI, IIOISE 
This house stands on High street, next 
east from the old High School building, 
and was probably built by Andrew Hall, 
father to Richard Hall, and was owned 
by him at the time of his decease. It was 
for many years owned and occupied by 
John P. Perry. Cadnuis R. nelaim is tlie 
present owner. It still retains its oi-igiiial 
shape. 

TUB JOB RICHAROSON HOUSE 

This old gambrel roof house stands on 
Main street, next south from Emerson 
street upon land that was formerly known 



as the "Stinted Pastures." These pastures 
were a iiart of the Common lands of 
Charlestown. In the year 1731, Jonathan 
Tufts sold the land upon which this house 
stands to .Job Richardson, whobuiltsoon 
after. The main portion still retains its 
original shape. It is now owned by the 
heirs of the late John D. Small. 

THE DEACON SAMUEL TRAIN HOUSE 

This house stands on High street, the 
second house west from the Unitaiiai 
Church. In the year 1747, Stephen Hall, 
junior, sold to Joseph Ji'rancis one and 
one-half acres of land with buildings. In 
the year 170.3, the Francis heirs sold one- 
half the estate to Jonathan Watson, and 
the next year the remainder to Samuel 
Brooks. The estate passed through several 



MEhFOlU). PAST AXl) PHEsENT 




UAVll) OS(iOOD HOISE 




■MARM'- SIMOMJS' HOUSE 



MEDFORI). PAST A.M) I'REsEXT 




OLD TUFTS HOUSE 



different parties ill til the possessionof Dea- 
con Sainnel Train, who occnjjied it for 
many years. Elizabeth Francis, daughter 
oi: Joseph Francis, the Medford schoohiiis- 
tress, comnionlyknownas "MarniBetty,'' 
lived in this honse, and tradition says that 
she was drowned in a pond that once ex- 
isted partly on the estate o£ tlie late Lewis 
A. Dodge and partly on Pastnre Hill es- 
tate formerly in the possession of the late 
D. C. and the late H. D. Hall. The pond 



was known as ''Marm Betty's I'l'iid." 
General fS. C. Lawn-nce now owns the 
estate. 

THE JONATHAN WATSON HOUSE 

Sometimes called the Peggy Swan 
House, stands just west of the Unitarian 
Chnrcli, upon land bought by Mr. Watson 
about the year 17:!8. Mr. Watson was a 
housewright, and it is supposed that he 
built the house sinin after. He sold a jior- 
tion of the land on the west side of his 



house in the year 1771 to the town of Med- 
ford for a schoolhouse lot. This house is 
chiefly notable as being the residence of 
General John Brooks at the time he en- 
tertained President George Washington, 
in the year 1789. Like most of the old 
houses in Medford, it is now in the pos- 
session of General Lawrence. 

THE JOHN JENKS HOUSE 

Tills honse stands just south of the 
Medford Mercury Office (Ui JIaiii street. 



21 



MET) FOR I), PAST AND PRESENT 



In the year 1752, Jonathan Tufts sold tn 
John JtMiks a lot of land, part of the 
"Stinteil Pasture" spoken of in the de- 
scription of tlie Job Richardson House. 
Mr. Jenks built his house soon after. This 
house was once the residence of Colonel 
Samuel Blanchard, the proprietor of a 
line of coaches between Jledford and Hos- 
ton. The heirs of John D. Small now own 
the estate. 



THE JONATHAN BROOKS HOUSE 

This house stands at the ccjrner of 
Higli and Woburn streets and is a fine 
specimen of the old gambrel roof style 
of building. In the year 1768, Jonathan 
Bradshaw, junior, sold to JonathanPatten 
"a small piece of land with a frame cov- 
ered with boards," bounded easterly on 
the road to Woburn and southerly on the 
road to Menotomy. Mr. Patten sold to 
Thomas Brooks, junior, and Mr. Brooks 



sold to Ji>nathan Brfxiks in the year 1791. 
The estate is now in the possession of 
the Brooks heirs. 

BLANCHAKDS TAVEKN 

Blancliard's Tavern stood just south of 
Cradock Bridge; and in 1833, a portion of 
it was removed to a new location oppo- 
site Mystic avenue, and remodeled into a 
double tenement house. It is now num- 
bered 133 and V?,'i Main street. It is now 
owned by the heirs fif Orchard Peasley 
and the heirs of John D. Small. 




SHIP STREET IN THE OLDEX DAYS, (FHOM w.\TER coLOi! sketch by rER.Missiu>- OF Fkeu H. C. Woulley; 



Roads and Bridges of Medford 



COMPILKL) KRU.M (JLD KkcOKUs BY JOUN H. HOOPEK 




COURSE OF MIDDLESEX CAXAL TIIROL'i . 11 ItliOOKS' ESTATE 



ROADS 



THERE can be no iluubt but that the 
early paths or roads of old Jledford 
were located substantially where 
our great highways now are, and it 
is probable that in many cases they fol- 
lowed the I lid Indian trails along the banks 
(■f the river and out into the country. 

The nearest, and, in fact, the principal 
land route between Salem and other set- 
tlements in eastern and ntirthern Xew 
England, and Charlestown, Boston and 
tl\e other settlements on the south side of 
^Massachusetts liay, was through Medford 
by the way of what are now known as 
Salem, South and Main streets, crossing 
the river at the ford or, after the building 
of Mistick Bridge, fiver tliat bridge. The 
fi ird was situated in that bend of the river 
extending from South street next west of 
Mr. Chandler's house and landing near 
the new Armory on High street. Pasture 
Hill in those days extended to the bank of 



the river, and it is very likely that travel- 
ers from Salem to Charlestown passed 
a long the bank of the river, entering what 
is now High streetnear the presentSquare. 
It is also very probable that, prior to the 
building of Mistick Bridge, the traveled 
path to and from the ford on the south side 
of the river ran across lots, so to speak, 
instead of turning the nearly square cor- 
ner now made by Main and South streets. 
Salem street is shown upon a maj) sup- 
posed to have been made in the year HioS, 
and Main street and the Menotomy Road 
(part of Broadway) on one made in the 
year 16;j7. Salem street was spoken of as 
early as the year 1038 by the several names 
of "Salem path," "Salem highway," 
■■ Tlie way to Mistick," and " Salem path 
to Mistickford." A portion of High street 
was spoken of that same year as the "Ware 
highway," and later as "the way to the 
Wears." The River road (Riverside ave- 
nue) was referred to In the year l(i.5T as 
"the common highway leading from the 
Mansion Hou.se (Wellington) unto Charles- 



town Commons and Meadford House." 
Meadford House was Governor Cradock's 
Farmhouse situated in or near the present 
Square. Woburn records say tliat on the 
fourteenth of the seventh month, 1646: 

" Edward Convers and Samuel Richard- 
sou are appointed to lay out a liighway 
between tliis town and Mistick Bridge, 
being joined with some of Charlestown, 
and some of Mistick house." 

.June 16, 1663, the records of the County 
Court say that a committee was ap- 
pointed by the Court to lay out a high- 
way between Cambridge and Woburn, 
through Medford. This location cannot 
be determined; probably it was by way 
of the milldam across Mistick River, and 
over the present lines of Grove street. 

October 1, 1672, the County Court ap- 
pointed a committee to lay out a highway 
between Cambridge and Medford, and 
April 1, 1673, the committee reported as 
foUows:— 

" To begin upon the county highway 
at a certain brook running through and 
upon Sim'ms, his land, so as to run on the 
east side of Mistick Pond, as the highway 
now runs, until it comes to a certain 
Black Oak standing by an old ditch on 
tlie plain, and then to run down in the 
Held to tlie mill, through Captain Tim 
Wheeler's land and so to pass over the 
River, at and upon the dam that pertains 
to the mill." 

From this description we Knd that this 
way commenced upon the highway lead- 
ing from Woburn to Mistick Bridge at 
Symmes' Corner in Winchester, running 
over the present location of Grove street, 
upon the lines of a former highway; no 
doubt, the way laid out in the year 1063. 
The milldam referred to was built by 
Thomas Broughman, in the year 1656. 
The mill was on the Arlington side of the 
river. December 23, 1673, the County 
Court appointed two committees: one to 
lay outa highway between Mistick bridge 
and Woburn, and the other to settle the 
highway from Cambridge to Mahlen. 



•23 



MEDFO 111). PAST A.XD PRESENT 



April ", 1074, the committee on tlie 
highway from Mistiik Uridge to Woburii, 
nuule their report. Siuh landmarks as 
'• IJare lliU" and "Elbow IliU" are men- 
tioned, as liare Ilill is the hill at Symmes' 
Corner, and Elbow Uill is a part of Oak 
Grove Cemetery. It is clear that the high- 
way laid out by this committee was sub- 
stantially the same as was laid out in the 
year 1641), and is probably the location of 
the highway as it exists at the present 
day from \\'oburn through Winchester, 
and over Xorth Winthrop, Woburn, High 
and Main streets to Cradock Briilge. On 
the above mentioned day, the committee 
appointed to settle the highway between 
Cambridge and ilalden made its report : 

" From the new County road by the 
Slate Hill, over the sorrelly plain through 
Wr. Winthrop"s farm to the road leading 
til Mistick Bridge, and from there o\er 
Gravelly Bridge, and to the left over the 
plains to Maldi'U." 

The sorrelly plains is the land on eaih 
side of Harvard street. 

[August 22, 169.5.] " A Complaint was 
made to the County Court about an in- 
cuiubrance upon a Country Highway 
leading from Woburn to Cambridge, on 
the east side of Jlistick Ponds."" 

A warrant was isstied to a committee to 
repair to said Highway as soon as may 
be, and remove any incumbrance that 
maybe deemed a common nuisance. The 
committee reported JIarch 10, 16f)o-flG: 

"That they had laid open the country 
road except a short space by the house 
of Caleb Brooks, he having x'lanted an 
ori'hard thereon, which bears fruit. He 
jiromised to allow a free and convenient 
passage through his yard until the next 
County Court. ..." 

The return of the committee was con- 
sidered by the Court. 

"It being an ancient Highway, saving 
that the way go through the orchard of 
Caleb Brooks, shall be through said 
Brooks his yard, it being judged by the 
Court to be the Country Highway, with- 
out any further comi)ensation to be paid 
for it."'' 

At the session of the County Court, 
held March 22, 1708-09, the sheriff of 
Middlesex offered a motion, referring to 
a county road that is needful to be laid 
out from Menotomy road, so across Meno- 
tomy fields, over the ware, through Med. 
ford, to the place called Mr. Convers' 
Mills in Woburn, the Court appointed a 
committee to enquire into the convenience 
of the highway and whether it is needful. 
On the eighth day of July, 1709, the 
committee report: 



" That having visited the road leading 
from Menotomy (Arlington) to Convers' 
Mill in the township of Woburn, both in 
the Ancient road where Wheeler his mill 
formerly stood, and also the road leading 
through Adams his gate, leading by Mr. 
Jonathan Uunster over Mistick Kiver, at 
a idace commonly called the Wears. And 
we do judge it most convenient for the 
publick and least prejvidicial tip any pri- 
vate person, that said ancient road lead- 
ing by said mill cannot reasonably be 
made passable, but that the road leading 
from Adams his gate is the most advan- 
tagious for the jmblick and least preju- 
dicial to any particular person. And that 
the .said roadsliould hi' continued asnow 
improved, allowing three rods in width 
from said gate to the northermost line in 
Simms his farm." 

The cci\irt tlicrcupou issued an order' 
f(ir a jury to lay out the said highway. 



yards in Medford."' This way is now 
known as Fulton street. Most, if not all, 
of these highways within the limits of 
Medford were laid out over ways already 
existing. It was the custom in those days 
of defining the bounds of a highway by 
means of a stump, a rock or a niaiked 
tree. Such bounds soon disappeared and 
rendend a new laying otit of the way 
necessary. Some part of the trouble in 
keeping the lines of a road defined arose 
from the tendency of abutting owners to 
encroach as much as possible upon the 
highway. Witness the action of Caleb 
Brooks previously referred to. In the 
records of the County Court and in our 
own town records, may be found numer- 
ous references to encroacliments uponour 
highways. Taking into consideration the 




FOOT BUID(iE OVER C.iXAL IN KROOKS' EST.\TE 



and on October 2.'i, 1709, the jury sub- 
mitted their report: 

'• Beginning at Adams his gate in said 
Menotomy, allow ing three rods in breadth 
to the Wares, in the same place where the 
road lyeth and hath been for a long time 
iuil5rfive<l . . . and from said Wares to 
Ebenezer Brooks his gate, by his gate as 
the way now lyeth, three rods, which is 
between said Brooks and Jno. Francis 
his land, by stakes which we set up in 
some old post holes, about six feetwithin 
said Francis' fence as it now stands, and 
to extend into said Brooks his land, to 
the full extent of three rods, and from 
said Brooks his gate to Symmes his farm 

three rods Reserving to Samuel 

Brooks his barn, one end of which stands 
in the Highway; while the said barn 
stands, and no longer."' 

In 17?v"), a highway was laid luit from 
Stoneham to Jledford "from Spot Pond 
swamj) to the County Koad by the Brick- 



fact that most of our principal highways 
were laid out four rods in width, and 
comparing that width with their present 
width, it is not surprising that many 
complaints were made in regard to them. 
It required constant watchfidness on the 
jiart of the town authorities to prevent 
these encroachments, and many a valu- 
able right has been lost by long-continued 
neglect. 

A portion of Riverside avenue was once 
known as the River road, and leading 
from this road across to Salem street was 
away, the exact location of which cannot 
be determined. It was probably the way 
that joined the River road just west of 
the so-called Cradock House, and ran 
northerly over a portion o( the jiresent 
Spring street. 

Cross street was laid out bv the town 



MEDFOT^D, PAST A XT) PRE.'^KXT 



of Charli'sti'wn nlM.iit tlic year lii'.i.">, Ui 
connect their landing at "No-Man"s- 
Friend" with the woodlots north of the 
then Medford line. Tlie way ran across 
Salem street and over a portion of the 
jiresent location of Fnlton street. 

Love lane was laid out at tlie same 
time. It leads to Pine Hill. Foster's coui't 
is an ancient way leading from tlie River 
road to " Labor in vain " landing. This 
location was sometimes called Wiggin's 
Corner. Next west, at the southerly end 
of Park street, was a short way leading 
to a landing place, which was afterwards 
tlie site of Magoun's shipyard and shij)- 
house. Following up the river, at tlie 
southerly end of Cross street was "No- 
Man's-Friend," or Wade's Landing. Tliis 
was the site of Lapham's shipyard. From 
High street a way led to a landing called 
the Bank; it was the northerly end of the 
ford. Vessels were built at this landing. 
It is now occupied by tlie new Armory 
and grounds. 



Kaiigeways laid out by the town of 
Charlestown across the " Stinted Pas- 
tures " leadingfrom Broadway, in Somer- 
ville, to Mystic River. Two of them are 
still open, the third rangeway known as 
North street, and the second rangeway 
known as Winthrop street. The Hrst range- 
way remained ojien but a short time; 
it ran over Colleg'j Hill near the chapel, 
and ended at the landing place on the 
river called the F'ord. There was a land- 
ing place at the end of tlie second range- 
way, and still another justeast of the Bos- 
ton and Lowell Railroad. This landing 
was reached by a short way leading 
westerly by the Rev.^rend William Smith's 
house from the third rangeway. Jlr. 
Smith was the father of Abigail Adams, 
wife of President .John AcLims. Union 
street, and the way leading from Main 
street to Bean's coal wharf, were laid 
out about the year 1720. South street was 
early called "the way to the Ford," 
afterwards " Fish House lane '" 



It was the work of Governor ('radocks 
agent, and was built of wood, one hundred 
fifty-four feet, five inches long, and about 
ten feet wide; and was raised about three 
feet above marsh level. Its approach on the 
sout h side was by means of a causeway. 

The date of its commencement is un- 
known, probably as early as tlie year 16.34, 
the date of Governor Cradock's grant. 
It is shown upon the plan of Governor 
\Viiithrop's Ten Hills Farm, made in the 
year l(w7. Charlestown records say that 
on the twenty-sixth of the tenth montli, 
IGSfi; 

'• It was ordered that Mr. Walter Palmer 
and Richard Sjnagiic should follow the 
suit at the Quarter Court against Mr. 
Cradock's agent for stopping up Mistick 
River with a Bridge, to the hindrance of 
boats and exacting t<dl (without any or- 
ders) of cattle that go over the bridge. 
George Bunker, George Hutchinson and 
James Hayden were appointed to he at the 
General Court next, to witness to the con- 
cerning of Mr. Cradock's bridge." 

No mention is made of this suit in the 










i 



6 t 



W 





THE OLD iSRIDGE 



Hastings lane leads from High street 
southerly to the landing jilace called the 
Rock. In West Medford a way leads to 
a landing on the river above Boston Ave- 
nue Bridge, a portion of which is now 
known as Canal street. All of these old 
landings and the ways leading thereto 
date back to the settlement of the town. 

River street, laid out about the year 
17iO, was then called "a way to the 
wharfs." That portion of Riverside ave- 
nue next to the Square was called Distill 
House lane. 

Ram-head lane (one branch of which 
led to the old mill on Marble brook) and 
Brooks lane were old proprietors' ways. 
South of the river there were three 



There were many other ways laid out 
and in use in the early days of the settle- 
ment, but time and space forbids their 
mentiiiu. 

BRIDGES 



CRADOCK BRIDGE 
The flrstbriclge across tlie Mystic River 
was built upon the location of the pres- 
ent Cradock Bridge. It was the most east- 
erly point on the river where the land on 
each side afforded the best means of ap- 
proaching thereto, and it was close to 
Ciovernor Cradock's farmhouse, called in 
the early days of the settlement, "Mead- 
ford 11. .use.- 



records of the General Court. 

Ill the year 1870, when the old draw- 
bridge was removed to prepare for the 
foundations of the present stone bridge, 
a portion of an ancient structure was 
found on the north side of the river, and 
upon its removal, the methods of its con- 
struction were disclosed. 

First, there was laid in the mud at 
riglit angles with the river and a little 
bel.iw low-water mark, a quantity of 
brush, cut four or five feet in length ; then 
on this brush, laid lengthwise the river, 
were large elm logs; then on these logs 
was built the abutment of the bridge, 
composed of logs roughly squared by the 
axe, laid in courses, each curse laid in 



25 



MKDFOR]). PAST .WD PIIESEXT 



of fbc 

MIDDLESEX FELL-S 



Ani>Al 







MEDFORD, PAST Ayi) PHESEyT 



an i>i)posite clii-t'otion from the ime updii 
■wliic-h it rested. This abutment was abnut 
ten feet in wirUh and was found to be 
in a perfect state of preservation. Tliis 
bridge, as will be hereinafter shown, was 
both rude and weak in its construction, 
in need of frequent repairs, and from the 
jieculiar cireuiustances connected with its 
care and maintenance, a source of con- 
stant annoyance, not only to the in- 
habitants of Medford, but also to the 
inliabitants of the neighboring towns, as 
well as to the Great and General Court. 
The first reference to this bridge in the 
records of the General Court is in the 
year 163!): 

■'At the (leneral Court held in Hoston 
tlic liL'd of the :;d month (called May) 1(>W. 
.Mr. ilatthew Cradork is freed from rates 
to the County by agreement of the Court, 
for the year ensuing from this day, in re- 
gard to his charge in building the bridge, 
and the County is to tinish it at the 
charge of the public. Mr. Davidson and 
Lieut. Sprague to see it done and to bring 
in their bill of charges." 

Iti the years 1641, 1643 and 1646, the re- 
pairing of Mistick Bridge came before the 
General Court,and each time a committee 
was chosen to make necessary repairs at 
the charge of the Treasury. In March, a 
committee was chosen to view Mistick 
Bridge, and at the same session " it was 
voted by the whole Court that Slistick 
Bridge should be made and maintained 
by the County at the public charge.'' 

In 16.i7, it was dei-reed that the towns 
of Charlestown, Medford, ilalden, Wo- 
burnand Reading should, for the future, 
mend and maintain Mistick Bridge. The 
towns aforesaid were often complained of 
and were summoned into court to make 
answer to defects in the northerly half of 
Mistick Bridge. 

At a meeting of the Town of Jledford, 
lirld May 13,1761, a committee was chosen 
'■ to treat with Woburn, Reading and ^[al- 
den, concerning Medford bridge, and ti^ 
acquit any of tlieni that shall comply 
from all further charge, arnd to treat with 
the General Court, if there be reason." 

The result of the treat with these towns 
discharged them from any further care of 
Mistick Bridge. 

In the year 17.')4, that part of Medford 
on the south side i>f tlie river was set off 
from Charlestown, to Medford, and as a 
consequence, Medford assumed the care 
of the southerly half of Mistick Bridge, 
so that by the arrangment with the three 
towns above mentioned, Medfordassumed 
the sole care of the bridge. In the year 



1780, the Town of Medford proposed to 
wi<len the bridge and pave the market 
place, and the General Court was peti- 
tioned to grant a lottery for these pur- 
poses. The petitioners were given leave 
to withdraw. 

At a town meeting, held March •'>, 1804, 
the town chose a conunittee to examine 
tile bridge, and report in what manner it 
sliould be repaired; and April 2, 1804, the 
committee repi ated that it was expedient 
that a new bridge be built. 

The cost of building without a draw, 
and including the cost of a temporary 
bridge, was estimated at one thousand 
dollars. The town accepted the report, re- 
chi ise the committee,and authorized them 
to contract for a new bridge. Private par- 
ties subscribed two hundred and eiglity 
dollars towards the building of the draw, 
but tlie sum was found tube insufficient; 
and on ilay 3, 180.5, the town instructed the 
Committee to go on and finish it. 

In 18-2!l, a town meeting was held and 
tlie committee in charge were Instructed 
to build with a draw. In the year 18:',:',^ 
(ieorge Fuller built at his yard above the 
bridge, a shij) of four hundred and forty 
tons burden, and was obliged to make 
changes in the draw in order to allow her 
to pass down the river. In the years 1834, 
1830, and in 184.5, the draw was again 
widened. The last widening gave a pass- 
ageway of forty feet. In the year 1872, 
the ship yards above the bridge liaving 
been abandoned, the selectmen petitioneil 
the (ieneral Court for permission to builil 
a level bridge. This petition was granted 
with the proviso for a movable section 
forty feet in width. In the year 1870, sun- 
dry inhabitants again petitioned the Gen- 
eral Court, asking that this proviso be 
repealed. This was done, and the iircsent 
stone bridge was built in the year 1880. 

THE BRIDGE AT THE WEARS 
The first mention of a bridge at the 
Wears is in the town records of March 
1, 1609: 

"Put to vote whether the town will 
give Jtr. .John .lohnson three pounds 
towards building a sufficient horse bridge 
over the Wears, said bridge being railed 
on each side, and tlie said bridge raised 
so high as there may be a fit p>assage for 
boats and rafts up and down said river. 
Voted in the affirmative." 

In December, 1721, the towns of Med- 
ford and Charlestown were complained 
of for not maintaining a bridge at the 
Wears. This complaint was dismissed. 
Again in December, 1736; May. 17:!8. and 



in May, 174;!, the said towns were in- 
dicted by the (irand Jury for neglecting 
to erect a bridge at the Wears. 

The defence of Medford was that the ford 
was easy and convenient, and that Med- 
ford people seldom or never traveled that 
way. Each time the towns were found not 
guilty. 

In the year 1746, a petition was pre- 
sented to (iovernor Shirley and the Gen- 
eral Court, askingforabridge acrossMis- 
tick River at the Wears. Charlestown and 
Medford both opposed this petition, but 
the General Court granted the same and 
the above named towns were ordered to 
build abridge. This bridge has been sev- 
eral times rebuilt. It assumed its present 
shape in the year 1802. The care and main- 
tenance of it is now a charge to the City 
of Jledford and the town of Arlington. 
GRAVELLY AND OTHER BRIDGES 

Gravelly Bridge is located in Salem 
street over Gravelly Creek, and it must 
have been built in the early days of the 
settlement of the town. April 27, 1710, a 
committee was appointed to view and con- 
sider wliat method may be most lU'oper for 
the repairing of Gravelly Bridge and to re- 
port at the next meeting; and June 11, 
1716, the town voted to raise £5 to repair 
the meeting house and mend Gravelly 
Bridge. In the year 17.51, the town voted 
to rebuild this bridge with stone. 

Tlie bridges over Marble and Whitmore 

Bi ks in High street were, by order of 

the town, I'cbuilt of stone. All of these 
bridges were built so as to allow of ford- 
ing places, on one or both sides, to allow 
of the watering of horses and cattle. 

At Riverside avenue, the bridge over 
Giuvelly Greek was built in the year 1746 
by private parties for the purpose of mak- 
ing a convenient way to the tide-mill. By 
agreement with the owners of the land 
over which this way was laid, the bridge 
was built of stone. 

The bridge over Mystic River at Har- 
vard avenue was built in the year 1856: 
it is situated in Medfiu-d and Arlington, 
and, by vote of the town, was named 
"Usher's Bridge." 

The bridge at Winthrop street over Mys- 
tic River was built in the year 1857 and 
named Winthrop Bridge. The decree of 
the county commissioners required that it 
should be built with a draw or movable 
section so as to allow for the jmssage of 
vessels. 

The rtrstbridgeatBostonavenue, called 
the Boston Avenue Bridge, was built in 
tlie year 1873. It is situated in tlu> cities 



MEDFORD, PAST A XI) PBESENT 



ft Jledford and Somerville. It is located llLl^ just been .■..mplctcd by tlic J[eti-o[Hili- There arc ;ils.. briilyvs <iverthiM-ai In )ad 

at the point where tlie Middlesex Canal tan Park Commi;>si..ner.s. at Winthrop, Xc.rthancKirove streets, and 

(Tossed 51 ystie River. It has witliin a few „, , . , , ^ ti i ^ ^ ., 

, ,.,,,, «,,,., The bridge overtlie Boston anil L..\vell "Me at Harvard street over saul street. 
years been rebuilt of stone. Tlie bridgeat 

Auburn street was built in the year 187.;. l!''il''"'>d (Southern Division of the Host,.n Wlie,, tlie Mi.hUesex Canal was in ..per- 

Jliddle.sex Avenue Bridge was built in ''"'^ ilaine Railroad) was lirst built in the ation tliere were bridges over .said eanal 

tlie year 1873. It is situated in the cities J'*'ai' l''^'''l- It has within a few years been at Mystic avenue, Main, Winthrop, North 

of Medford and .Somerville. A new bridge rebuilt. and High streets. 




BRIDGE OVER THE MYSTIC AND ITS BUILDER 



Military Hi^ory of Medford 



Hy IIki-kn Tii.DKN Wild 



IN the days when our fathers fomuled 
the Conimiinwealth, Indian alarms 
were constantly expected and one or 
two garrison houses, similar to those 
which stand in Medford to-day as monu- 
ments to the past, wereanecessity. Owing 
however, to the friendly relations with 
the natives whom Cradock's men found 
hei'e, the tragic element is lacking in our 
early history. 

The first tax upon the inhabitants of 
Medford, levied in lOoO, was for the mili- 
tary instruction of all males over ten 
years of age; and, asearlyas 1081, tlie men 
of Charlestown, Medford and Cambridge 
met "at a convenient place above the In- 
dian wigwams " for monthly trainings, — 
a custom which answered thedouble pur- 
pose of insi)iringthe savages with awe and 
the white men with military enthusiasm. 

Ill 1();!7, two hundred soldiers were 
marslialled in Massachusetts liay from 
Hoston, Salem, Saugus, Ipswich, New- 
bury, Roxbury, Hingham and Jledford, 
each town's quota beinjT in proportion to 
its population. Our little "peculiar," not 
yet arrived at the full dignity of a town, 
furnished three men. 

In liJoS, the custom begun in 1631 was 
modilicd,and Jledford men were allowed 
to " lyst themselves in the trayne band of 
Gambrig", being no longer compelled to 
"travajle vnto Charls Toune. " In 1074, 
Medford "souldgers" were exercised by 
a sergeant, not being obliged to train 
regularly with other towns, but still be- 
ing too few to make a full company. 

This was just at the beginning of King 
Philip's war. A little later, Jonathan 
Wade was made captain of the " Three 
County Trooji" of hor.se, which was one 
of the nii>st famous military organiza- 



tions in tlie colonies. It was of impor- 
tance enough to have a special flag de- 
signed for it in England, and the device 
upon the banner, an uplifted arm bearing 
a sword, became, with slight modifica- 
tion, the crest of the Commonwealth of 
Massachusetts. The troop was active 
during King Philip's war, and on the 
scattered muster rolls we find mention 
of several Medford men who were in the 
blot>diest battles. One of them, James 
Stokes, "impressed" for service, was 
wounded. John Bradshaw, junior, was in 
Captain W^illiam Turner's company at 
the fight above Deerfield when the latter 
was killed. After the death of Philip we 
hear of John Whitmore, one of the nine 
householders of Medford, engaged in 
Indian warfare in the neighborhood of 
Saco, Maine. 

In 1691, the military {strength of the 
little town was much increased, and that 
year a major, a captain, a lieutenant, au 
ensign, two sergeants and two corporals 
appear on a list of twenty-seven tax- 
payers including one woman. 

The doings of the militia during Queen 
Anne's war are very imjierfectly chroni- 
cled in Massachusetts records; but we 
know that Captain Peter Tufts, who lived 
in the " Cradock House," was ordered 
with his troop of horse to reinforce the 
jiursuers of the Indians after the massa- 
cre at Grotou. 

A muster roll, dated 174S, shows that 
Medford had a company of sixty men 
ready for duty under Captain Samuel 
Brooks. At Louisburg, in 174.5, one of these 
men, William Tufts, junior, a lad of eight- 
een, when the troops were for the sixth 
time storming the Island Battery, scaled 
the wall, climbed tlie flagstaff, tore down 



the French standard and substituted his 
own red coat to represent the British 
colors. The actso stimulated his comrades 
and demoralized the French that the for- 
tification was taken, and in a few days 
the city was in the hands of the English- 
The boy camethroughthe exploit without 
a scratch and lived many years to wear 
his honors. He is credited with being the 
first man in Massachusetts to enlist for 
this expedition. 

During the French and Indian War, 
Captain Ebenezer Marrow, Cajjtain Caleb 
Brooks, and Captain Seth Blodget, all 
of Medford, commanded companies, in all 
of which were a good proportion of their 
townsmen. Muster rolls show that Med- 
ford had men on the eastern frontier in 
1754, at Crown Point, 17.55; in Canada, 
1758, and in Nova Scotia, 1759-60. 

Among the "eentinels, " as privates 
were called in the French wars, we find 
many names which were repeated on the 
Revolutionary muster rolls. 

Wlien Paul Revere halted at the old 
house still standing at the corner of High 
street and Bradlee rt)ad and aroused Cap- 
tain Isaac Hall of the Minutemen, the 
sons of these veterans, and in some cases 
the old s«ddiers themselves, answered the 
summons. Henry Putnam, who was killed 
on April 19, 1775, had served as a lieuten- 
ant at the capture of Louisburg in 1758, 
and William Polly, who died of wounds 
received at Menotomy, was the son of 
Jacob who had served in King George's 
war. 

The Medford Minutemen, after the 
battle of Lexington, went into camp at 
Prospect Hill, where one of their number 
died. Two were discharged and joined 
Arucdd's ill-fated expedition to Canada. 



MEDFOUI). f'A.'-T AM) /'/,'/•> /-."V V 








m 1 ' 






?fc^ \ 






^^ \ 





















\ 

Is 



MEDFOIll). I'. 1ST AND PRESEXT 

In March of 1770, Captain Hall and his at Prospect Hill, and was present at the visiiinsan<l camp utensils were furnislied 
command were at Dorchester Heights, fortification on Breed's Hill, bnt was not by the town. 

as well as other citizens of Medford who present at the battle, as he was sent to Captain Hall was appointed aidi-de- 
assisted in building the fortifications. Cambridge ti> hasten the brigade there, camp in 1790, although lie seems to have 

In .July, 1771), twelve men were sent to in which was the Medford company. He pra<tically held that office at first. 
Ticonderoga, where they suffered from failed to induce the commander to come The company, according to its charter, 
camp distemper and smallpox. Timothy upon the field until he was too late fi>r accejitcd orders from the major general 
Hall died there. In the fall, another quota service. On the day following the evaiMi- only, and on the field it always took the 
went to Xew York. Meanwliik^ the militia ation of Boston, Brooks went with Wasli- riglit at general review. It was noted for 
were guarding stores, large quantities of ingtou to New York. He distinguished its fine drilling and appearance, and was 
which were collected and distributed himself at Saratoga, and later was made especially commended by Washington 
from Medford. Constant drafts called for sub-inspector of the army under Baron during his visit in 1780. It existed till 
men to go to Connecticut, Rhode Island Steuben. An autograph letter from Wash- 1828, when it resigned its commission, 
and, for short terms, to New York. These ington in regard to this appcuntmeut can In the war of 1812, the company did 
quotas were made up from the resident be seen at the Public Library of this city, duty at the Powder House, near Medford 
militia. When the officers of the American line; but as the politics of the town were 

At the close of 177(), the affairs were so forces were almost in revolt onaccountof very strongly against the policy of the 
grave, and the army was in such need of real and fancied wrongs, Colonel Brooks" government, comparatively few enlist- 
recruits, that Washington sent Colonel infiuence was largely instrumental in nieuts were made. Those who did enlist 
IJrooksandCaptaiuPritcliard, of Medford, preventing the disruption of the army. had but little sympathy from the towns- 
to Massachusetts to enlist men for three Thomas Pritchard was noted as a tac- people, as some of the records show, 
years or thewar.Theirpersonal popularity tician and for his bravery. Francis Tufts One man is spoken of as being in "Mr. 
was so great that they succeeded w<indcr- at.Stillwatersavedthe colorsof theeighth Jladison's army," and the tone of the 
fully in this vicinity. In March, 1777, Med- regiment from falling into the hands of entry seems to be that he would have 
ford had forty men in the Continental the enemy during the famous charge on been better employed at Inmie caringfor 
armyenlistedforthewar.Allof them were Breyman's battery. He was made ensign his family. 

engaged in the l>attles in the vicinity of ,„i tlie field by General Gates, and in Edmund Gates and Abiel R. Shedd 
Saratoga which preceded liurgoyne's sur- 1780, was commissioned adjutant. A rcgi- were killed in battle, and John Blanch- 
render, mental book in the possession of one of ard, a boy "bound out" to Captain 

During the long years of the struggle for his descendants shows that he had served Worth, of Nantucket, was taken prisoner 
independence, this town gave hersonsand in that capacity since August 12, 177!). He when his master's ship was captured by 
her money in aid of the cause. Two hun- was atBunker Hill, havingmarched from the British. Captain John Le Bosquet, 
dred and forty men are distinctly credited Salem, and also served at Ticonderoga wholiadbeenaprisoner at Halifax during 
to her, beside others that are not so easily in 1770-77. the Revolution, suffei-ed a similar fate 

identified. Sixt^/-four others are recorded During the first year of the war this during the second war, at Liverpool, after 
who gave liberally of their money. The town was a rallying place fi.ir troops from losing the shix^ he commanded, 
population was t lien less than a thousand. New Hampshire and JIaine. Brigade head- Lieutenant John Brooks, eldest son of 

Benjamin, Ricliard, Isaac, Ebenezer, quarters were at the Royall estate, ami (;eneral John Brooks, was killed at the 
Stephen tertius and Stephen 4th, reprt- there prisoners were brought when cap- battle of Lake Erie, September 13, 181;'.. 
.senting three families of Hall, and others tured at points north of Boston. Alexander Scammel Brooks, his brother, 

not so prominent in town affairs, literally After thedefeatof Burgoyne'samiy, the was an officer in this war, and remained 
gave theirfortunes.Itisrecordedthatthis Hessianofficerswerequarteredat Porter's in the army till his death by accident in 
home guard voluntarily accepted depre- Tavern in the market place, and the rank ISMO. 

dated money from the town and reserved and file on Winter Hill. The Medford Light Infantry nnist not 

for the poor the little hard money that the Almost before the echoes of the Rev- be confounded with the militia company 
selectmen had at their command. The olution had died away. Shay's Bebelliim, which was in existence from the close of 
most famous of Medtord's soldiers of the because of troubles growing out of dis- the Revolution until about 1830, and 
Revolution were Colonel John Brooks, satisfaction in regard to the payment of which received into its ranks, in 1828, 
Captain Thomas Pritchard and Adjutant soldiers' claims, called the Medfordmilitia the members of the disbanded company. 
Francis Tufts, who served fnmi 177.'i to iutothe fieldagain. John Brookswas then. At the next muster. Captain Sparrcll 
the close of the war. All had the personal in 178."), a major general. He and Captain appeared on the field, says the History 
acquaintance and the esteem of General Ephraim Hall were present at themeeting of Medford, with one hundred ninety-six 
Washington, and were given commissions ,,f the council which considered the best men. Moses Hall, a veteran of the Revo- 
of trust under him. ^vay of dealing with the insurgents and of hition, Samuel Teel, Galen James, John 

Colonel Brooks, called by his devoted pnitecting the court which was to sit at T. White, John Sparrell, Josliua T. Foster 
patients "Dr. Brcjoks," but known to us Concord in a few days. and others commanded the militia at 

as "Governor Brooks," as he was tlie On recommendation of General Brooks, various times. 

chief magistrate of Massachusetts from the Medford Lightlnfantrywasorganized The next military organization of any 
1816 to 1823, began his military service and put into service at Worcester, under importance was the Brooks Phalanx, 
as a Captain of Reading Minutemen. He Captain Hall. ..rganized in 1841 and named in honor of 

immediately enlisted for the war, served The treasurer's books show that pro- Governor Brooks, which coutiiinnl until 



MEDFOUD, PAST AND PRESENT 



1849. This company, made up of some of 
the best young men of the place, was 
quite the fashion; but, on account of the 
decided disapproval of the Mexican war 
by the people of New England, did not 
figure in active service. Uniforms with 
plumed hats, and the standard presented 
by the ladies of Medford, made this com- 
pany very ornamental on training days 
or at public functions, and, under such 
men as Captain Samuel Blanchard and 
those who succeeded him, accomplished 
good military work. The headquarters 
was a little room in the north-east corner 
of the second story in the town hall build- 
ing, and the drill room the scanty floor 
space between the stationary seats, ranged 
ampliitheatre fashion, around the sides 
of the hall. 

Only one regiment went from Massa- 
chusetts to the Mexican war. The roll at 
the State House does not give the resi- 
dences of the enlisted men. Only one, 
Franklin Ramsdell, of Company K, is 
recorded as a native of Medford, and only 
three or four men, residents of Medford. 
entered the army. 

The Lawrence Light Guard was des- 
tined to perform the longest service for 
the country of any military body ever 
existing in Medford. 

On March 2", 1851, the company was 
commissioned in Winchester as Company 
A, seventh regiment, was designated as 
Comjiany E, in 1852, and became Com- 
pany E, tifth regiment, in 1855. The 
original name was the Winchester Liglit 
(iuard, and Frederick O. Prince, after- 
ward mayor of Boston, was the first 
captain. 

An independent company with Henry 
W. Usher, captain, was formed in Med- 
ford in 1853; and armed, uniformed and 
equipped at its own expense and provided 
with an armory in Uslier's Building, was 
patiently awaiting an opportunity to be 
commissioned as a regular company in 
the volunteer militia of the state. In 1855, 
a sufKcient number of the members of 
this company went to Winchester and 
enlisted on the seventh of March in the 
Light Guard, with the purpose of reor- 
ganizing and transferring the company 
to Medford. There, on the twentieth of 
March, it adopted the name Lawrence, 
in lionor of Daniel Lawrence. Henry W. 
Usher was the flrst captain, and Asa Law, 
first lieutenant. After the resignation f)f 
the former, the Matter held command un- 
til February 14, 1856, when Samuel C. 
Lawrence was commissioned captain. He 




DANIEL L.4WREXrE 



resigned April 2, 18.57, while living in 
Cliicago, but was elected captain again 
June 21, 1858, and served to June 30, 18.59, 
wlien he was commissioned major, and 
was succeeded by Captain John Hutchins. 

The new company has been prosperous 
from its beginning, and has made an 
enviable record. 

Colonel Samuel C. Lawrence, of the 
Fifth Massachusetts, was one of the first 
to assemble his "minutemen" in April, 
18G1. From shipyard, paint shop, car- 
penter's bench and store or office, the 
men of the Light Guard hurried to join 
tlieir regiment. Company E received its 
order for active service late in the evening 
of April 18, and reported in Faneuil Hall 
the next forenoon with full ranks. It was 
mustered into the service of the United 
States, for three months, at Washington, 
ilay 1, and performed faithful and effi- 
cient service. In the battle of Bull Run, on 
July 21, 1861, several men were wounded; 



the color bearer, William H. Lawrence, 
was killed, and Colonel Lawrence was 
wounded. 

The company's term of service having 
expired, they returned home to eidist 
again in August of the next year, as 
Company C, thirty-ninth regiment, for 
three years. 

Their first duties were picketing the 
shore of the Potomac and acting as pro- 
vost guard in Washington, but just after 
the Battle of Gettysburg they were trans- 
ferred to the Army of the Potomac. They 
participated in the long battle of the 
Wilderness, leaving some fif their num- 
ber on the field at Laurel Hill and otlier 
battle grounds. 

The company lost eighteen men killed 
and wounded during tlic thirty-eight days 
of constant fighting by day and marching 
by night. Three men were missing, one 
of whom is known to have died at Ander- 
sonville. 



MKDFOUD, I'AST AJSD rUKHEJUT 



III August, l«i4, at Welilon Kailro;i(l, 
tlie comiMiny lost one man killed, ;uiil 
nineU'en taken prisoners, incUuliug tlio 
captain. The survivors almost dread tu 
speak of the fearful sufferings of their 
imijrisonment. Captain Flutchins, Ser- 
geant Jolni Henry Eames and Milton F. 
Knberts are now the only ones living wIid 
went through that terrible experience. 

Kedueed in numbers by death, disease, 
imprisonment and special duty. Company 
C, in command of Lieutenant McDavitt, of 
Woburn, wlio was transferred from an- 
other company, began the march tliat tci- 
minated at Ajiponuittox. 

Immediately after the departure <if 
Company C, another call was issued, ami 
Captain Charles Currier and his nine 
months' men. Company F, fifth regiment, 
went to Newbern, North Carolina. Their 
work was mostly guard duty in and about 
that town, but the (Joldsboro exi)edition 
and the battle of Little Washington tested 
the mettle of the soldiers. 

At the battle of Kinston the liftli, which 
occupied the extreme left, supiiortcd a 
battery against a considerable force which 
suddenly ajipeared in the rear. "For uj)- 
wards of two hours," says the Adjutant 
(leneral's report, "the shot flew thick 
and fast . . . and twice were the colors 
pierced by fragments of shell before the 
enemy's guns could be silenced." Com- 
pany F, of Medtord, carried tlie flag. 

These nine months' men were mustered 
out, June 23, IStio. Three weeks later. 





CAPTAIN HUTCHINS AS HE LOOKED jrST AFTER THE WAR 



CAPTAIN J. C. D, CLARK 



.July 14, occurred the draft riot in Boston. 

Brigadier General Samuel C. Lawrence 
reported under a special order at the 
State House at the beginning of the riot 
and was on duty to its close. He issued 
1 orders to the colonels of the fifth and sixth 
regiments to assemble their companies in 
their armories and hold them ready for 
instant duty, stating that ammunition 
would be furnished from the Arsenal at 
Cambridge. Captain Currier, of Company 
E, was the first to report his company 
ready for service, and it was detailed for 
duty at the Arsenal at Watertown. 

The recorded service of General Law- 
rence cannot give correctly the work that 
he accomplished for the military of this 
town during the war. His left hand never 
knew what his right hand did, and many 
a poor fellow thanked \\\m for a furlough, 
a discharge or a helping hand when most 



needed. In enlisting and drilling untried 
men, and in instructing officers in their 
duties, he spent time and jratience; and 
it is pleasant to state that no officer in 
the militia of Massachusetts whom he 
recommended to the Governor for a com- 
mission in active service failed to secure 
it. To this day, he gives much thought 
and consideration to the veterans and to 
tlie Lawrence Light Guard. To him we 
are indebted for the beautiful building 
with all the facilities for athletic and 
military drill which is attracting to our 
military company a suijerior class of 
young men. 

In 1S61, twenty residents of Medford, 
all born in Ireland, enlisted for three 
years in the twenty-eighth infantry, called 
tlie "Irish Regiment." Several of them 
laid down their lives for their adopted 
country. A study of all Massachusetts 



MEDFORD, PAST A.XD PRESENT 



muster rolls shows how largely the early 
Irish families are represented. Xot only 
in the twenty-eighth, but in many other 
regiments, Medford was honorably repre- 
sented by these emigrants. 

In 1804, several men, too young to have 
enlisted before, served for one hundred 
days in the fifth infantry, of which Cap- 
tain Currier was quartermaster. 

A large contingentfrom Medford served 
in the navy, cavalry and heavy artillery. 
The town had twenty men to its credit in 
the fifteenth battery, which enlisted in 
1863, although all were non-residents. 
The bounty of these men was paid by 
Medford citizens. When the " Black Regi- 
ment" was formed, citizens of Medford, 
among them several women, paid the 
bounties of men who were credited to 
Medford on the regimental rolls. 

Over eightliund red soldiers were raised 
in this town for the Union army, a large 
proportion of these being residents; and 
Medford lost by death forty-three of her 
own citizens. Colonel John G. Chambers, 
a veteran of the Mexican war, was one of 
these. He serv-ed first as lieutenant of 
Company E, but died a lieutenant-colonel 
in the twenty-third regiment. 



We proudly count among Medford's de- 
parted heroes, Reverend .John Pierpont, 
who, at the age of seventy-three, enlisted 
as chaplain in the twenty-second regi- 
ment; Colonel Edward Needles Hallo- 
well, who succeeded Robert G. Shaw as 
commander of the fifty-fourth regiment, 
and Major George L. Stearns, who organ- 
ized several brigades of colored troops, 
beside aiding negroes in every possible 
way. 

As the veterans of Louisburgand their 
sons became the soldiers of the Revolu- 
tion, so history repeated itself in 1808. 
Colonel Jophanus H. Whitney, who en- 
listed, a school boy, in 1862, and was 
wounded while carrying the regimental 
colors "on to Richmond," commanded 
the fifth Massachusetts when it was mus- 
tered into service for the Spanish war. 
Lieutenant Milton F. Roberts, one of the 
three members of Company C who sur- 
vive theprison experiences of 186-1-0.5, was 
an officer on the Oregon when she made 
her famous voyage from San Francisco, 
and took part in the battle which de- 
stroyed Cervera's fleet. 

In the ranks of Company E, fifth regi- 



ment, and in other military organizations 
were sons of the " Boys of '01.'" The Light 
Guard of '98 did not reach the goal of its 
ambition, but spent eight months in 
southern camps, where all the unpleas- 
antness of winter life in tents was ex- 
perienced with no glory or excitement of 
real warfare to offset it. Typhoid fever, 
which ravaged many a regiment that 
season, claimed one victim from Medford. 
Three or four of our men in the sixth 
Massachusetts and several in the navy 
reached Cuba and received their baptism 
of fire. Two members of Company E con- 
tinued their military service in the regular 
army, and one of them lies in a soldiers' 
grave in the Philippines. 

Wearing the scarlet of England, the 
buff and blue of the Continentals, the 
blue of '61 and the khaki of '98, those 
who have borne arms to tlie credit of 
Medford have shown,amid blinding snows 
of the north and in scorching heat of the 
tropics, through cruel winters at Valley 
Forge and Ticonderoga and weary months 
in southern prison pens, their determina- 
tion to honor the flag they served under, 
and have followed it to victory or deatli. 



34 



Patriotic Orders of Medford 



S. C. Lawrence Post 
Grand Army of the Republic 

BV ,M. .Si:sAN (;o»-)DALE 

POST lii;, (;. A. R., was instituted 
August 21, 18U8, mainly tliriuigh 
the efforts <if Captain Isaac F. R. 
Hosea, who wcu'kt'd untiringly for 
its formation. 

The application fm' a charter contained 
tlie following names: (iodfrey Ryder, jr., 
Samuel C. Lawrence, Alfred Stephens, 




CAPTV[\' <;K()K(iK L.(ai(l|i M.li 

Henry H. D. Gushing, Silas F. Wild, 
Christopher Plunkett, Elbridge IT. Harts- 
horn, James A. Ilervpy, Samuel G. Jeps<^n, 
John Hutchins, Thomas H. Gillard, 
J ophanus H.Whitney, Charles TI. Prentiss, 
Robert Ellis and Alvin R. Reed. Colonel 
Ryder was installed as first commander 
The coTnmittee ajipointed to present a 
name for the Post selected that of S. C. 
Lawrence, — a fitting one, as time has 



priived; for he has always been its true 
friend. 

The Grand Army of the Republic came 
into existence at Decatur, Illinois, largely 
through the efforts of Dr. Benjamin 
Franklin Stephenson. It is interesting to 
note that tile idea was conceived, during 
the last year of the war, by two tent mates. 
Major Stephens( in and Chaplain Rutledge, 
who were impressed with the thought 
that "the soldiers so closely allied in the 
fellowship of suffering would, when mus- 
tered out of the service, naturally desire 
some form of association that would pre- 
serve the friendship and the memories 
of tlieir common trials and dangers." It 
is said that as they talked together on 
the march or in bivouac, this thought 
expanded into the widest fields of conjec- 
ture as to the capacity for good in such 
an organization of veterans; and they sdI- 
emnly agreed that, if spared, they would 
work out some such project together. 

This agreement was fulfilled, and to-day 
the order has the proud record of having 
distributed in relief over three million 
dollars. No other organization on eaith 
can lay claim to such glorious, precious 
memories. Its mendjership has been very 
laigi', but now the numbers are rapidly 
diminishing. In the year 1904 the loss by 
(hath was nine thousand and-twenty-nine. 

As one of the veterans of Post (iO 
expressed it, in speaking of his comrades 
as they engage in the last battle: 

" Willi forward step and dauniless front 
He faced tlie battle's deadly brunt, 
And reckoned not with toil or pain 
Till Freedom won ber own a^ain. 
IJiit sterner conflict waits biiu yet 
Than any fon;;ht with bayonet : 
The losing battle he must wage 
With sickness, poverty and ape." 

At one time Post tif! had on its rolls 
three hundred names, but the member- 
shijiis now only one hundred and twenty. 
On an ajuioiiited Sunday every year, a 
nieuiorial service is held at Post head- 
quarters. A few months ago, a quiet, 
impressive service was given in memory 



of eight members who, during the year, 
had answered the last roll-call, to join 
their comrades on the camping-ground in 
the "Great Beyond." 

Medford has annually appropriated for 
the decoration and care of soldiers' graves 
the sum of three hundred dollars, but 
notwithstanding this generiuis donation, 
the number of graves increased so rapidly, 
thus adding to the expense, that one hun- 
dred dollars was taken fnmi the Post 




A. M. STICKXEY 

fund last year to enable the ceremonies of 
Jlemorial Day to be properly carried out. 
Post 66, since its organization, has 
expended for relief over ten thousand dol- 
lars, never limiting its aid to members, 
the only qualification being that the man 
should have served in the war of the 
Rebellion and have been honorably dis- 
charged from the army. Those dependent 
on veterans for support are included in 
the care bestowed by the Post. 



MEDFOIW, PAST A.XD I'llESKXT 



This Post has ever been noted for its 
hospitality. At the time of the visit of the 
(irand Army Encampment to Boston, in 
1890, the members of Post 1, of Milwaukee, 
accompanied by their families, were enter- 
tained for the entire stay by Post 06. The 
building formerly used as a skating rink 
was furnished with everything necessary 
for comfortable lodgings; meals were pro- 
vided, and no expense spared to carry out 
the plan royally. Three thousand dollars 
in all were expended. The visiting Post 
still remembers the kindness shown, many 
members expressing themselves warmly 
on the subject. 

The veterans who have held the position 
of commander are as follows: — Godfrey 
Hyder, junior, 1808-69; Pearl Martin, 1869- 
"70; John Hutchins, 1870-71; Albert A. 
Samson, 1872; John S. Beck, 1873-82-83; 
Horatio N. Peak, junior, 1874; Isaac F. R. 
llosea, 187.5; J. Henry Eames, 1876; J. 
Everett Peirce, 1877; James A. Hervey, 
1878; George L. Goodale, 1879-80-81 ; Sam- 
uel G. Jepson, 1884-8."); Robert M. Spin 
ney, 1880-87 ; Frank O.Waterman, 1888-89 
James B. Simpson, 1800; William IT. War 
ren, 1891 ; Allison M. Stickney, 1892-93-0:5- 
04; Fred. W. Smith, 1894; Benjamin P, 



,:...*>•., 




Lewis, 189.5-90-97-99; J. Frank Ilandjlett, fj,it,,f,,i 1^^^,^,. ,,.,^„^^ ^„,,j ^^^ ^^^^^_ Johnstown and Kansas flood sufferer 
1898; William F. Clewell, 1900; J,,hn L. 
Brockway, 1901-02; Isaac II. Gardner, 
190.5. 



S. C. Lawrence Woman's Relief 
Corps 

Hv M. Scs.vx Goodale 

TH E women of Medford have always 
been zealous in patriotic work. In 
1862, the Union Soldiers' Relief 
Society was organized. Its members 
represented all the religious societies in 
town, with the exception of the Unitarian, 
which denomination had a society of its 
own. The object was '"to manufacture, 
collect and forward hospital supjdies, 
garments and reading matter to sick and 
wounded soldiers." 

In May, 1879, Corps .5 was organized, 
and among its first members were several 
lailies who had served faithfully in these 
soldiers' relief societies. 

The Medford Corps is a branch of a 
national order numbering one hundred 
and lifty thousand women, the largest 
charitable organization in the world. At 
its birth, which occurred in Fitchburgin 
1879, it numbered but twenty-three mem- 



THE XOTED PROVIUENCE Sl'RIXG 

hers; but the cause appealed to the sym- sachusetts work for its basis. The wmk 
pathy and patriotism of the women of is broad. It cares for many rooms in Sol- 
Slassachusetts, and its growth was rapid, diers' Homes, furnishes flags for school 
The first department president was Jlrs. buildings, assists in Memorial Day observ. 
Sarah E. Fuller, of this city, an earnest, aiices, has sent large sums in relief to 

I's, 
crated to tlic wi>rk by her sacrifice during and has full charge of the preservation of 
the war. Andersonville Prison property. This is in 

As a pioneer worker. Corps 5 earned a addition to its work of relief, which has 
record of good service. In 1883, a national amounted to two million six hundred 
organization was formed, adopting Mas- thou.sand dollars since organization. Miss 

Clara Barton, of Red Cross fame, who was 
familiar with the conditions at Anderson- 
ville, .said: "Men never suffered more 
and lived; men never died more nobly."' 
On this historic spot, on which fourteen 
thousand brave men perished, several 
states have erected monuments in grate- 
ful memory of their brave boys' heroism, 
which nothing has ever surpassed in the 
World's history. Over the noted Provi- 
dence Sjjring, which, after an electric 
storm, burst forth pure and sparkling, 
bringing renewed life to our men. who had 
had nothing to drink but the contami- 
nated water of the creek, the Woman's 
Relief Corps has erected a bc:iutiful 
pavilion. 

The description of the work at large has 
been given explicitly, because in it Corps 
5 has borne its part, participating in two 
soldiers' carnivals, furnishing and caring 
for a room at the Soldiers' Home in Chel- 
sea; in 1890 standing side by side with 
Post 66 in entertaining Milwaukee Post 
and families, and always standing ready 
ELLA PRESCOTT FULLER to assist the Post in relief work. 



iiiiiiiiniiif^iiiir 



;■*>.'' 




36 



MEDFOUD, PAST AND PRE SENT 




MEMORIAL TO SARAH BRADLEE FULTUX 



In Memorial Day observances the Corps 
has ever rendered aid, this year condiut- 
ing a most impressive service beside the 
waters of the river in memory of the sol- 
dier saihir dead. 

Since its organization, in 1870, it lias 
expended in cliarity fmir th(iusan<l five 
hundred thirteen dollars and eighty-foiii- 
cents. 

The Corps is in a flourishing condition, 
constantly gaining in membership and 
interest. The ladies serving as presidents 
since its organization are: — Cordelia 
Ilutchins, 1870; Ellen M. Gill, 1880 and 
'84; M. Susan (loodale, 1881-82-88; Laura 
W. Beck, 188:)-80; Rebecca A. Peirce, 
1887; Clara C. Levering, 1888-89-95; I!. 
Frankie Richards, 1890-91; Adelaide S. 
Ilerriott, 1892-93-94; Martina Hamblett, 
1S9G; Susie M. Spinney, 1897; Martina 
riamblett, 1898-99; LidaS. Souther, 1900, 
01-02; Mary J. Bean, 1903-04; Ella .1. 
Fuller, 1905. 



Sarah Bradlee Fulton Chapter 

Daughters of the American 

Revolution 

HV M. SCSAN (iOODALE 

OX the third day of November, 189G, 
a Chapter vcith seventeen names 
on its charter was formed in Med- 
f ord. For its title the name of Med- 
ford's greatest vrar heroine vras chosen, 
f^'om the first it received encouragement; 
many ajiplications for membership soon 
appeared; the Historical Society kindly 
otTered its rooms for meetings, recogniz- 
ing the Chapter as its ally; a beautiful 
flag was presented, and the Chapter, with 
reasonable expectation, lookedforward to 
becoming a vigorous society and a factor 
for good in the community. 

Jfrs. Goodale was elected regent. One 
1 if the first duties performed by the Chap- 



ter \\as the placing of flags and laurel 
wreaths upon the graves of revolutionary 
heroes. 

In 1898, on Main street, near Cradock 
Bridge, a tablet was placed on the site 
of the home of Sarah Bradlee Fulton. 

At tlie time of the declaration of war 
with Sjiain, the members were active in 
making abdominal bandages and comfort 
bags for the boys of Medford in their 
country's service. Some of these "kits", 
as the boys called them, were sent to the 
navy, eight to the sixth Massachusetts; 
and sixty-tliree were given to our own 
Comjiany E, of the fifth Massachusetts. 
The Chapter endeavored to remember 
every enlisted man who called Medford 
home. 

At this time the Chapter, realizing its 
obligation to preserve relics and protect 
historic spots, became interested in the 
Royall Ilonse. The summer house, so long 
a familiar object to Medfordites, with its 



37 



MEDFOUl), PAST AM) PRESENT 



figure of Mercury to be seen for miles 
around, haviiif^ fallen to pieces, was pur- 
chased by the Chapter to keep it from 
linal destruction, and is now held as a 
relic, possibly to be again erected. 

One of the most creditable affairs ever 
occurring in Medford was the Loan Ex- 
hibition, givenby the ChaiJter in 1S'J8. On 
Patriots' day of that year, the Royall 
mansion, most artistically arranged, with 
a wealth of old colonial furnishings and 
valuable relics, was thrown open to the 
public. Old families of Medford hianed 
their treasures generously, making the 
collection of over two thousand articles 
one of great value. The visitors' book 
showed names from nearly every state in 
the Union, many of them of very distin- 
guished jieople. The committee, with the 
regent, Mrs. Loomis, as chairman, worked 
indefatigably forthe success of this under- 
taking, but were well repaid by the appri_ - 
ciation shown, not only of the remarkably 
line, instructive entertainment, but of Llie 
beautiful old mansinn. 

On May 20, 1900, a very interesting and 
impressive service was held in the old 
burying ground on Salem street. The 
large doorstone of the house in which 
Mrs. Fulton lived for half a century, suit- 
ably inscribed, was placed in front <>f the 
tomb in which she lies. The inscription 
is as follows: — 

SAKAII ISUADLEE FULTON 

1740 1835 

A HEROINE OK THE KEVOLUTION 

ERECTED BY THE 

SARAH liRADLEE FULTON CHAPTER 

1). A. K. 
1900 

In 1901, plans were discussed for ll;e 
occupation of the Koyall House, and on 
Aj)ril 19, the Chapter having j)artially f ui- 
nished it with gifts and loans of historic 
value, held a recejition. 

In April, 1902, during the reign of Miss 
Wild as regent, a colonial tea and recep- 
tion was tendered the president-general, 
Mrs. Charles W. Fairbanks. At the close 
of the reception the Chapter entertained 
Mrs. Fairbanks and suite at the home of 
Mrs. Kidder. 

In October, 1904, in the old cenu'tery, 
a boulder, in memory of the forty-one 
New Hampshire soldiers who fell at 
Bunker Hill, was dedicated. The regent 
opened the ceremonies, and Miss Eliza 
(iill gave a historical address of much 
interest. President Roberts, of the New 



Hampshire Sons of the Ki'volution, Hon- 
orable Alvin Burleigh and other distin- 
guished guests from New Hampshire 
were i)resent. Within a few months, 
largely through the efforts of Miss Helen 
Wild, a Royall House Association has 
been formed. Its object is to obtain pos- 
session of the Royall House, by purchase 
or otherwise, and to keep it open as a 
place of historic interest. It already num- 
bers one hundred and fourteen membersi 
and is increasing, which pnunises well 
for its future. 

The Medford Chapter has been called 
"the working chapter" by some of its 
sisters in the organization. As to its 
deserving the name, we leave the reader 
to judge as he examines its record of ear- 
nest endeavor to be worthy the ancestry 
from which it sprung. 




11 lA E. WARKEX 

Daughters of Veterans 



By Elizaueth J. Joyce 



THE National ( )rder of the Daughters 
of Veterans was organized .June 5, 
1885, at Massillon, Ohio, with a 
charter list of less than fifty mem- 
bers. The organization is not formed for 
profit, but to perpetuate the memories 
of the men who so gallantly defended 
their country and flag in the dark days of 
the rebellion and to aid them and their 
widows and orphans when helpless and in 
distress, to aid the (irand Army of the Re- 
public, to comnu'morate the deeds of their 




CATHERINE T. MiCURDY 

fallen comrades on the thiitieth of ilay 
until such time as this duty shall devolve 
upon their descendants. 

The eligibility of the Order, which can 
never be changed, is: — all daughters or 
granddaughters of soldiers, sailors orma- 
rnes who served in the Union Army or 
Navy during the war of 1801-65. 

The articles of incorporation were se- 
cured by Hart Post No. 1:U, Department 
fif Ohio, Grand Army of the Republic, in 
December, 1885. From the time of organi- 
zation the growth has been steadily in- 
creasing. 

Massachusetts Departnu^nt was formed 
in 1890 with three tents, — Dorchester, 
Newton and Worcester. 

The department work has shown that 
the interest is keen in the < )rder, and with 
the present membership of nearly a thous- 
and members, the prospect is better than 
at any previous time. The jiresent officers 
are: department president, Miss Nina A. 
Littletield, Cambridge; senior vice. Miss 
Millie C. Leighton, Clinton; junior vice, 
Miss Anna M. Ayniar, Medford ; chaplain, 
Mrs. S. Elizabeth Trull, Marlboro; treas- 
urer, Mrs. Etta S. Paine, Somerville; in- 
spector. Miss Georgia Staples, Lowell; 
instituting and installing officer, Mrs. 
Elizabeth J. Joyce, Medford; secretary, 
Mrs. Lucy Allen, Worcester. Mrs. Ida E. 
Warren, of Worcester, is the National 
President. 

The local Tent was instituted in March, 
1898, with a charter list of thirty-six mem- 



MEDFOIiD, PA.sr A.\D PliESENT 



bers. The name nf Sarah E. Fuller, so long 
associated with the \Vi unan's Relief Corps, 
was taken by the Tent, anil it has aimed 
to keep the trend of her work ever before 
it as an example. The Tent has worked 
quietly, but surely, and has been steadily 
fjaining ever since its organization. The 
relief work done in the pastyears amounts 
to something over five hundred dollars, 
while the floral work represents a gener- 
ous amount spent at the National Encamp- 
ment, held in lioston in August, 1904. The 
idea of entertaining the (i. A. R. in some 
fitting manner was conceived by this Tent, 
and for that purpose the Royall House was 
secured for one day, at which time over 
fifteen hundred visitors availed them- 
selves of the opportunity of accepting the 
hospitality of the Tent in that grand old 
mansion. The various members also did 
much individually toward making the 
guests of the week at home in Be iston, serv- 
iiigi>n various committees and doingtheir 
wi>rk faithfully. The first president of the 
Tent, Miss Georgetta Palmer, did much 
good work in starting the Tent on its way, 
and each one that followed proved herself 
faithful to her work. 

At the various fairs and entertainments 
held by the department the Tent has been 
fnremost in contribution and help to 
swell the funds to be used tor charitable 
purposes. Miss Catherine T. McCurdy, the 
present president, became a member as 
soon as her age admitted, she gaining her 
eligibility from her maternal grandfather, 
who performed faithful and meritorious 
service through<iut the Civil war. Miss 
Alice Perham, of Maiden, is senior vice 
president and, although new in the work, 
is enthusiastic in the Order; Miss Antha 
Phillips, junior vice presi<lent; Mrs. Annie 
Phinney, chaplain. Jlrs. Cora E. Russell, 



the secretary, has filled that office ever 
since the organization of the Tent, and the 
high marking at the inspections proves 
her worth. Miss Lillian M. Witham, with 
the exception of one or two years, has held 
the office of treasurer. The Tent owes 
much of its high standing in the Order to 
these two faithful officers. The Tent has 
been doing much work in aid of the Sol- 
diers' Home in Chelsea, beside helping 
materially in relief of widows and daugh- 
ters of veterans at home. 

Memorial Day finds the Daughters al- 
ways ready to answer calls made upon 
them by the G. A. R. Posts and are anxious 
at all times to assist them in making their 
pathway easy and light, "plucking the 
thorns and strewing the roses." The Order 
must surely increase as the years roll on, 
as they seem to inherit the patriotism 
evinced by theirfathers in the days of '01. 



General S. C. Lawrence Camp 54 
Sons of Veterans, U. S. A. 

THIS Camp was organized January 
28, 1888, with twenty-four mem- 
bers. It is a branch of a National 
organization composed of sons of 
Union soldiers and sailors, formed in 1878 
in Philadelphia. Its object is to perpetuate 
the work of the fatliers as established 
by the Grand Army of the Republic; 
and right nobly has Medford's Camp 
attended to its duty, having a record of 
being one of the foremost in the state in 
relief work. 

In 189.5, it gave a series of band con- 
certs for the benefit of the public. To 
the Soldiers' Home at different times it 
has made donations of money. During 
the war of 1898, to the Medford and 



Massachusetts Relief Associations, it 
contributed fifty dollars, and to Co. E., 
while in camp in the South, the Sons 
sent barrels of apples and other remem- 
brances. At Christmas it joins with the 
W. R. C. in distributing dinners to the 
needy. On Memorial Day the camp is of 
great assistance to Post GO in decorating 
the soldiers' monument and caring fur 
graves at Oak Grove. During the en- 
campment in Boston in 1904, Camp 54 
received special commemlation for its 
work in placing details from different 
camps at railway stations to act as 
guides. As years go on more and more 
will tlie Wfirk of the Sons of Veterans be 
needed and appreciated. 



General Samuel C. Lawrence 

Legion of Spanish War 

Veterans, No. 31 

THIS Camp, organized (jn January 
i'.">, 19u:i, has sixty-three members, 
and in every way is in a flourish- 
ing condition. In 190:5, a large lot 
in Oak Grove Cemetery was placed in 
charge of this Association for the burial 
of Spanish-American war veterans, and 
the graves of such were carefully cared 
for on Memorial Day. One member of 
Camp 31, who had thrilling experience 
in Santiago, holds a medal of honor, 
conferred by United States Congress. 
The Camp is preparing to appropriately 
receive the body of Lieutenant Garrett 
Barry from the Phillipines, where he 
was twice promoted for bravery, and 
where but a few months since he was 
treacherously killed by a native. 

Several boys of 1898 are honoring 
Medford by serving their country in 
foreign lands with courage and fidelity. 



MEDFOIU). I'As-f A\l> rUKSEXT 




I.YDIA JIAKIA CHILD 



Prominent Women m the Hi^ory of Medford 



THAT woman's wi>rk has always 
jilayt'd ail iinpiM'tant part in the 
WDi'ld's history is not denied, and 
tlie records of Medford bear'testi- 
mony toherability and influeiue through- 
out tlie two hundred and seventy-five 
years of its existence. 

The wisest of men said: " Let thine eyes 
look right on, and let thine eyelids look 
straight before thee;" but at this mile- 
stone in our fair city's history, it is both 
natural and lifting to glance backward to 
those whose words and deeds have been 
interwoven with its progress, to dwell 
with ajipreciative thoughts on their use- 
fulness, and grasp from them, perchance, 
the secret of their power. 

The tirstwoman tobe mentioned in "ye 
town of Medford" records was Madame 
Wade, the second wife of Jonathan Wade, 
who came over from England in 1032, 
and was among the first purchasers of 
land from the Cradock heirs. 

Jladame Wade fell heir to a large estate 
on the death of her husband, in 1089, a 
c< irrect proportion being div Ided between 
Dudley, a son of his first wife, Deborah 
(Dudley) Wade, and their five daughters, 
Deborah (Dunster), Prudence (Swan), 
Katharine (Wyer), Susanna (Willis), and 
Elizabeth Wade. 

It is reasonable to presume that this 
family of girls was j^rominent in the town. 
The old brick homestead where they lived 
is still standing in the rear of the Savings 
Bank on High street. 

Although they had ample means, their 
father paying the highest tax in town for 
several years, they were not brought up 
in Idleness but in strict discipline, assisted 
In making the porridge and Indian pud- 
ding for the family meals, made the 
cheese, turned the Hax and spinning 
wheels, and wove the cloth for the family 
clothes, bed and table linen. 

On Sunday Madame Wade and her fam- 
ily occupied the pew in the meeting-house 
which was assigned by the committee 



according to the quality of the family, — 
which In their case was "first quality." 

Madame Wade married Mr. Xathanlel 
Thomas, and the town records refer to 
churchcontrlbutlons by Madame Thomas. 

Mrs. Lydia Peirce and her daughter, 
Rebecca, are wt)rthy of note at this time. 
Their long lives, covering a period of 
elghty-twoand eighty-one years, respect- 
ively, represent Itard labor which poverty 
forced them to perform, but which was 
honorably and faithfully discharged. The 
ff>rmer was born in 1085, the daughter of 
Stephen Francis and Hannah (Hall) Fran- 
cis. She married Nathaniel Peirce, a 
licensed Innholder in Medford, and after 
his death, which occurred in 1719, she 
applied for a license and kept a tavern 
for eight successive years. The tavern 
stood on HIght street, at the foot of 
"Mann SImonds' Hill."' 

Her hi>me being located opposite the 
meeting-house at Meeting-house Brook, 
it was convenient for her son to serve the 
town as sexton, and for Mrs. Peirce to be 
employed to sweep the meeting-house, 
which she did for fifteen years, i. e., from 
17:55 to 1750; also, for ten years after the 
death of her son, Nathaniel, she called 
the people to worship by ringing the 
meeting-house bell. 

In 1748, the task of sweeping fell upon 
her daughter, Rebecca, who continued for 
nineteen years. Thus we find this hard 
but imi)ortant service to the town per- 
formed by mother and daughter for more 
than a quarter of a century. 

Among the pastors' wives of Medford, 
in the old days, was Jane (Colman) Turell, 
the daughter of Benjamin Colman, of 
Boston, the fifth minister in Medford's 
parish. She came to Medford at the age 
of eighteen, the handsome, accomplished, 
dark-eyed bride of Reverend Ebenezer 
Turell. The wedding day was August 11, 
1720, previous to which a relative living 
in Medford wrote the following letter, 
which is of interest and highly prized 



at the present time by one of <i\ir own 
towiisini'ii who has it In his possession : — 

'■ Mkdfouii, March 21, 1720. 
"Di:ai4 Madam: — 

" This is to kiss your hand and to tell 
you you may if you Jilease be the abso- 
lute mistress of thecltey of Medford, for 
our Reverant Turell so admires your per- 
son and virtues and excellent accomplish- 
ments that had he crowns and scepters 
he would throw them all at your feet to 
merit your favour. Indeed, Madam, if you 
were to be an empress, you coiUd not 
enjoy more happiness than the sweet con- 
versation of so excellent a pious and wise 
man. Madam, had I a. daughter that he so 
nuich admires as your Ladyship, and I 
could give her ten thousand jiounds, he 
might command both her and that. . . . 
The Lord direct you which is the prayer 
of your most affectionate Aunt and 
humble Servant, 

"Eliz. Tiioma.s. 

"My servase to your Reverant Father 
and the Lady your Mother." 

A memoir of the life of Jane Turell, 
compiled by her htisband, pays a high 
tribute to her virtues and literary gift i>f 
writing jioems and verse, for which she 
showed an aptitude at an early age. 

Her short life ended at the age of 
twenty-seven, when she died in 1820, leav- 
ing one little son, Samuel, the last of three 
children. 

The wife of Reverend David Osgood 
was Hannah Breed, of BlUerlca, whom he 
married in 1780. Their daughters, the 
Misses Mary and Lucy Osgood, were 
prominent In the affairs of the town, and 
women of rare breeding and worth. Miss 
Lucy was born June 17, 1791, and died 
on the anniversary of her eighty-second 
birthday (1S7.'5). Many of our present resi- 
dents remember with feelings of love and 
great respect her commanding presence 
and superior mind. She was well versed 
in several languages, and took up the 
study of ( Jerman when over seventy years 
old, becoming a fine German scholar. She 
was an ardent worker in the church, which 
was firmly established under Unitarian- 
ism during her father's ministry. At 



MEBFOni), PAST AND PRESENT 



her death the old homestead was left by 
her will to the Unitarian Society for a 
parsonage. 

MARIA (GOWEN) BKOOKS 

"I next looked over a small trunk of 
papers. From time to time they have been 
saved, wlien my imagination was under 
the influence of a strong but vague liope 
that I should one day or other be loved 
and renowned, and live hmger than my 
natural life in the history of the country 
of my forefatliers, and in that where I first 
beheld the light." 

Such are the lines, penned at Cuba, in 
the poem, " Idonien, or The Vale of 
Yumuri," by " JIariaDel Occidente," who 
first beheld the light of day in Medtord, 
more than a century ago, in 1741). She was 
then the pretty baby daughter of William 
and Ellen (Cutter) Gowen, named Maria. 
Afterward she received the baptismal 
name of Mary Abigail Brooks, and some 
years later adopted the nomde plume of 
"Maria Del Occidente."' 

Her father, a goldsmith by x>rofession, 
died during reduced circumstances wlu-n 
Maria was only fourteen years of age. Two 
years later, at the age of sixteen, she be- 
came the wife of her brother-in-law, John 
Brooks, a wealthy merchant of Boston, 
who had done nuich for her education. 

At the age of nine years she had dis- 
played a wonderful gift of song and 
poetry. 

Eeverses in fortune came, and she was 
again leftalmost penniless, when a widow 
at the age of twenty-nine, with her two 
children, Edgar and Horace. Among her 
personalities was a love for the pictur- 
esque and a fondness for dainty white 
dresses. It is said she always wore either 
white or gray. Miss Lucy U.sgood, in men- 
tioning a visit of Mrs. Maria Gowen 
Brooks to Medford, says : "I have a dim 
recollection of a lady walking out at odd 
hours, dressed in white at odd seasons, 
and of being told thatshe was Mrs. Brooks 
of the Gowen family, a poetess. She and 
her family disajipeared, and years after 
I learned that we had a 'flower'of genius' 
among us, and in our stujiidity knew it 
not." 

The year following her husband's 
death, she went to Cuba to live with a 
relative. 

Southey, who had a strong friendship 
for this Medford poetess, declared her 
poem, "Zophiel," to be superior to Sap- 
pho's famous "Aphrodite." Tributes of 
admiration were expressed by Charles 
Lamb ; and John Greenleaf Whittier calls 
it " a remarkable jioeiu," and tlie imjias- 
sioned song "a perfect gem." 



In 1845, the romantic and restless life 
of Maria ((iowen) ]5rooks was brought to 
a close, at the age of fifty-one, while at 
her home in Matanzas, Cuba. 

She was buried in a beautiful Grecian 
temple, built to suit her fancy, on the 
banks of the river Yumuri, which runs 
through hi'r lauds in Cuba, and is thus 
described l)y (lustafsim: — "The little 
temple is bowered in a labyrinth ( if orange 
trees, cocoas and palms, the mango and 
rose-ajiple, the ruddy pomegranate and 
the shady tamarind ; while thecoffee-lields 
spread away in alternate tesselations of 
white flowers and scarlet berries." 

LYDIA MAUIA CHILI) 

The name of Lydia Maria Child has 
become a household word in Medford, so 
well known is her remarkable career. 

She was born on February 11, 1S02, in 
the brick house at the corner of Salem 
and Ashland streets, now occupied by the 
Jledtord Historical Society. 

She was the daughter of David and 
Susannah (Band) Francis. Her father was 
a baker, and became wealthy through his 
famous "Medford crackers." Maria was 
the youngestof liveehildren. She attended 
the Dame School kept by " Marm Betty," 
later the Medford Academy, and was con- 
sidered remarkably proficient in her 
studies. 

At the age of twelve, the loss of her 
nuither was a great misfortune; and a 
year later, when her older sister, Mary, 
was married, she would not be reconciled, 
and exhibited a strong self-will by posi- 
tively refusing to attend the wedding; but, 
with her kitten for a companion, took a 
stroll up the lane during the marriage 
ceremony. 

Books beyond her years were daily com- 
panions, and her fatlier became alarmed 
at the jiossible ettect on the bright young 
mind of Maria, and so sent her to the 
much-loved sister's home at Norridge. 
wock, on the Kennebec, in Maine. Here 
her fondness for books did not decrease, 
but the society of many cultivated peo- 
ple were a means of heliifulness and 
inspiration. 

During this visit she employed a part 
of the time in making an exquisite infant's 
gown, finished in fine needlework and 
beautiful embroidery. It is still preserved 
and kept, as a relic of her handiwork, at 
the rooms of the Historical Society. 

At the age of twenty-three she wrote 
her first book, "Hobomok," which was 
receiveil with enthusiasm and established 
her reputation as a writer. This was fol- 

42 



lowed by " The Rebels: a Tale of the Revo- 
lution"; "Flowers for Children", and in 
ISiiOsheeditedthe "JuvenileMiscellany," 
which became immensely pojiular. 

A favorite expression to her sister was: 
" Nature never intended me for anything 
but a single life, and I am not going to 
quarrel with her plans;" but this oft- 
avowed purpose was overcome by the 
persuasive powers of the highly accom- 
l)lished and gifted scholar, David Lee 
Child, whom she married at Watertown, 
October 19, 182S. 

A list of the wedding presents, copied 
from a letter to her sister, is character- 
istic of the primitive times: — 

"A prettybutter-knife and cream-ladle, 
a study lamp; from Mrs. Thaxter a jar of 
pickles; Mrs. White sent me a keg of 
tongues; Jlrs. Tyler Bigelow, a pair of 
jjlated candlesticks; Emily Marshall, a 
pair of stellar hinijis; ilary JI., polished 
steel suutfers on a plated tray. 

"Jly mantua-maker has been here a 
week. I have a claret-colored silk jielisse, 
lined witlistraw-ccdored silk, nuide in the 
extent of the mode enough to make any- 
body stare; one black figured levantine 
silk, and one swiss nuislin. Clarissa Bige- 
low is to be bridesmaid, and I liave bought 
thirty-five pounds of cake of Nichols." 

She speaks of their home as a " proper 
little martin box," situated on Harvard 
street, Boston. 

During the next five years her jiopu- 
larity as a writer increased; publishers 
paid good prices for any manuscript from 
her pen; the "North American Review" 
declared "that no woman could out-rank 
her." 

With the pubiisliing of her famous 
work, " An Ajipeal in lielialf of That Class 
of Americans Called Africans," popular 
sentiment ran high against her, and, like 
a tidal wave, suddenly swept honors and 
patronage from her; but it only infused 
her with a more patriotic sjiirit of right 
and justice. 

Moving to a farm in Connecticut, Jlr. 
Child conceived several schemes to earn 
money, all of which proved failures, not 
being adajjted to that line of work, and 
much of the earnings of Mrs. Child were 
used in the experiments. 

Feeling the necessity of assisting the 
finances of the family, Mrs. Child accepted 
a proposition in New York to eilit tlie 
"Anti-Slavery Standard." 

The following year she joined her hus- 
band at West NewU>n, and a little later 
made a home with the aged father, David 
Francis, at Wayland. 

Here Mr. and Mrs. Child spent twenty- 



MEDFOni), rAsT AXD 1'HEsENT 



two years, mutually happy in the quiet her hiinor, soon after her death in Xoveni- 

of their home, enjoying literary works of ber, 1835. She was buried in the old 

the bestauthors, and looking always for Salem-streeteemetery. Five years ago, the 

the cheerful side of life. Chapter of the Daughters of the Ameri- 

She often spenta winter in Medford, at can Revolution, who had taken the nan\e 
the home of the Misses Osgood, and was of Sarah Hradlee Fulton, erected a tablet 
here in 1850 and 1800, during the exciting to her memory, dedicating it with appro- 
times preceding the Civil war. priate exercises. The tablet was enhanced 

Mrs. Child was instrumental in arrang- in interest and value because of the fact 



iiig for the first anti-slavery meeting to 
be held in the town hall in Medford. 

Iler death came suddenly in 18S0. Wen- 
dell Phillips officiated at her funeral. Like 
a benediction, during the lastearthlyserv- 
ice for Lydia Maria Child, in the small g, 
burying-ground at Wayland, the sky was 
spanned by a gorgeous rainbow. 

SARAH BRADLEE KULTON 

The daring deeds, inspired by a love of 
liberty and justice, of Sarah Bradlee 
Fulton liave been rehearsed with interest 
around the hearth-stone of many Medford 
families. 

Born in Dorchester, in 1740, her girl- 
hood and early womanliood were spent 
(luring the stirring times whicli led to the 
Revolutionary war. In 1TG2, she married 
John Fulton. 

Mrs. Fulton was a frequent visitor at 
the home of her brother, Nathaniel 
Bradlee, of Boston, and was a prominent 
figure at his house on the evening of the 
famous "Tea Party " in Boston Ilai-bor, 
assisting in disguising her brother and 
other patriots in their Indian garb. 

In 1772, Mr. and Mrs. Fulton andfamily 
came to Medford where Sarah Bradlee 
Fulton spent the remaining sixty-three 
years of her life. Her first home was 
located on Main street, a short distance 
from Cradock Bridge, and the latch string 
was always out to her numerous friends, 
(ienerals Washington and Lafayette were 
her guests and her home became head- 
quarters for General Stark's New Hamp- 
shire regiment. 

Many wounded were brought from the 
battle of Bunker Hill to the field hos- 



that for more than fifty years it served 
as a door-step to Jlrs. Fulton's house. 

MARY ELIZABETH (pBESTON) STEARNS 

The subject of this sketch was born in 

Norridgewock, Maine, January 21, 1S21, 

married George Luther Stearns, and 




SARAH E. FULLER 

coming to Medford, made a residence on 
the avenue which bears the name of 



l>ital which was established near South Stearns. Mrs. Stearns was intensely inter- 
street; and here Mrs. Fulton made herself ested with her husband in the cause of 



useful in nursing and caring for the 
artlicted ones. 

Her courage was tested by the oft re- 
peated story of her walk from Medford 
to within the enemy's lines in Boston to 
deliver despatches for General Washing- 
ton. 

At the close of the war the home was 



the African race, b<ith becoming promi- 
nent through their faithful loyalty to 
,Jolui Brown. 

She was actively interested in the edu- 
cation of the c(dored people and donated 
liberally to Tuskegee, Berea, Hampton 
and Calhoun Colleges. 

Her home always had an atmosphere of 



changed to the Stonehani road and, by sunny hospitality which attracted many 
vote of the town, the street on which her notable persons as guests, among them 
house stood was named Fulton street, in Ole Bull, Emerson, Longfellow, Froth- 



ingham and others. For many years, 
December 2, the day of the execution 
of John Bri>wn, was kept sacred in her 
household; and at her death, November 
28, 1!)01, by her request, she was buried 
on December 2. 

HARRIET WINSI.OW HALI. 

The name of Harriet W. Hall, who 

passed away just two months ago, is most 
deservedly worthy of more than a brief 
mention at this time. She was one of 
Jledford's very own daughters by birth 
and a life long residence of seventy-six 
years ; she was the daughter of John King, 
a prominent family in the town's history. 
Mrs. Hall was interested in every good 
work, and her whole life is a splendid 
rec(U-d of useful activity. The bells which 
sweetly ring from the spire of the Epis- 
copal Church were a gift froiii lier hand, 
and in many ways she liberally aided in 
advancing the cause of her church and 
Iler home city. 

SARAH E. FULIjEE 

Patriotism has ever been linked with 
tlie name of Sarah E. Fuller, because of 
;i life work devoted to the cause of her 
I "untry and its emblem. 

Born in Portland, Maine, August 1, 183S, 
llie daugliter of Samuel Mills, a staunch 
:ilMilitionist, coupledwith strong religious 
-.(■ntiments, it is not strange that "God 
:iiid Country " should have precedence in 
I he thoughts and deeds of his daughter. 
( omlng to East Boston in early life, she 
later married George W. Fuller, of Can- 
t<in, Maine, who enlisted during the Civil 
war in the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry, 
and did notreturn, havingdied of malarial 
fever at Portsmouth, Virginia. 

Jlrs. Fuller has a record of forty years 
of faithful service for the soldiers of the 
Union, having been enrolled as a worker 
in the Christian Commission in the early 
days of the Civil war. 

She was one of the founders of the 
Woman's Relief Corps, and interested in 
every patriotic movenuMit in this and 
other states. She is now the only honor- 
ary life member of the order, and has been 
continucuisly in important office since its 
inception. 

Twenty-six years ago, at the formation 
of S. C. Lawrence Relief Corps No. 5, she 
came to Medford and installed its first 
staff of officers. 

In 1889, Medford became her home, 
with her son and his family. She has been 
interested in its progress and active in 
many charities. The Daughters of Vet- 
erans in Medford have honored her by 



43 



MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT 



ail<ijitiiii5 lu'i' name when Tent 22 was 
(irgaiiizfil. She was untiring in lier efforts 
to helj) purchase and establish the Sol- 
diers' Home in Chelsea, where a room is 
named for her. Slie is a member of the 
Sarah Bradlee Fulton Chapter, D. A. R., 
of Jledford, being re-elected each year 
as its chaplain. 

On the Board of Managers for the Home 
for Aged Men and Women, she is an 
interested member. At the formation of 
Inasmuch Union, The King's Daughters, 
in 1S9G, Mrs. Fuller was elected chair- 
man, and has been unanimously chosen 
each year since. 

Her influence has been felt among the 
young people by her firm stand for the 
right, and her strong in<lividuality. 

HELEN TILDEN WILD 

Miss Helen Tilden Wild was born in 
Medford, in the house numbered 189 
Salem street, June 10, 1860. She is the 
daughter of Silas Franklin and Lucy I). 
Wild. She graduated fnjm the Medford 
High School as valedictorian of her class, 
in June, 1870. Her liking for genealogy 
and historical subjects was inherited from 
both sides of her family. Her aunt, Miss 
Abigail T. Wild, kept a voluminous fam- 
ily record back to John Alden, her Pil- 
grim ancestor, and bequeathed it to her 
niece. This intensified her interest, and 
she continued to study on the same lines. 
From her earliest childhood the love of 
country was instilled in her mind. Her 
father served in the Civil war; her grand- 
father held a commission as sergeant in 
the War of 1812, and her great great- 
grandfather, Captain Silas Wild, led a 
company of Braintree men during the 
Revolution. On her mother's side she also 
has three ancestors who were prominent 
in revolutionary times. 

For four years she has been regent of 
Sarah Bradlee Fulton Chapter, D. A. B. 
She was one of its founders and served 
as secretary until her election as regent. 

She has been the editor of "The His- 
torical Register" for several years, and 
lias put much earnest, painstaking work 
into its X'ages. She made it a labor of love 
to search for the records of Medford's 
Revolutionary soldiers, as her published 
book, "Medford in the Revolution," tes- 
tifies. She has worked early and late for 
the preservation of the Royall House, and 
through her efforts the " Royall House 
Association " has been recently formed 
to save the historic old mansion for future 
generations. 



ELLKN M. Gii.i, witliiii a few weeks of her seventy-fifth 

Ellen jr. (Bowditch) Gill was born in birthday, she is as much interested in 

Boston, June 28, 18:M. She attended the her flowers and garden as she was years 

Johnson School and the Hancock School, ago. 

and at present is an interested member -A- sketch of Mrs. Gill would be incom- 

of the Hancock School Association. plete without reference to her patriotic. 

She is descended from Henry Adams, spirit; for she has always shown a strong 

of Braintree, from whom President John ffeling toward the soldiers of the Civil 

Adams was descended; also has May- war, and in the days of the war was an 

flower descent in two lines, John Alden ardent worker for them and their fami- 

and Ricliard Warren. '>•?«, and her interest did notecase in the 

By virtue of the services of Captain times of peace. When S. C. Lawrence 

John Vinton, of Braintree, in the Revo- Relief Corps, No. ."), W. R. C, was organ- 

lutionary war, she is a member of the "'-*"'l> she was among the first to lend a 



Sarah Bradlee Fulton Chapter, D. A. 
of :\redford. 



R., 



liand, and became a charter member; 
later she was elected its second president, 
serving two years. 

For twenty-three years she has been a 
member of the Ladies' Aid Association 
of the Soldiers' Home, Chelsea. Through- 
out her busy outside life, the home has 
always held the first place, where she has 
been the adviser and inspiration of three 
daughters and one son. 

MAUT E. S.^.RGF.XT 

Miss Mary E. Sargent was appointed 
librarian of the Medford Public Library 
in 18111, and the broad and liberal policy 
which she at once adopted placed the 
Jledford library in the front ranks of Mas- 
sachusetts libraries. Slie was joint author 
with her sister of the book entitled 
'■ Reading for the Young," issued in 1890. 
This was the first published annotated 
list of books for the young, and was 
extensively used in other libraries and in 
schools. Free access to the library shelves, 
the use of bulletins, and the posting of 
newspaper clippings on current events or 
on subjects of special interest; the intro- 
duction of educational games and puzzles, 
dissected maps, and of the " story hour " 
in the children's room; the loaning of 
books to the public schools of Meclford, 

nr i. t 1 r. .. 1 thus making each school a branch librarv 

Mount Auburn Cemetery, and a man verv ^i , ■^.■J^ . , "'" """"^"^'^''^'y. 

, ,„ .•.,. .„,] :.. ._.._,. , the e.\lnbition of photographs from the 

Library Art Club, of which she is secre- 
tary, —these are only a few of the im- 




ELLEN M. GILL 

From the Vintons Mrs. Gill inherited 
her love of flowers and fondness for hor- 
ticulture. Benjamin Vinton French, a 
relative, was a member of and vice-presi- 
dent of the Massachusetts Horticultural 
Society; also one of the founders of 



largely interested in agriculture and 
horticulture. 

It was not strange that this flower 
enthusiast shoidd become a member of 
the Horticultural Society, and has con- 
tinued her active interest since 186.5. 

Mr. and Mrs. Gill came to Medford in 
June, 1834, and her present home has 
been occupied since 1860. Much credit is 
due to the ambition and business ability 
of Mrs. Gill for the improvements and 
well-kept apjiearance of her greenhouses 



provements and advantages which Jliss 
Sargent has made a part of the library 
equipment. 

Imitation is said to be the most delicate 
flattery, and Miss Sargent may well feel 
herself flattered and honored by the many 
neighboring libraries that have borrowed 
her methods and copied her ideas. The 
Library School of Albany, Xew York ; the 



and grounds. She has proved that the I'l'^tt Institute, of Brooklyn, Xew York, 

profession of florist is an honorable, sue- ^"^1 Simmons College, of Boston, have 

cessful and attractive one for women to elected this library as one to visit for 

engage in. At the present time, although inspiration and methods. 



44 



MEDFORD, PAST AND PEESEXT 



But the si)irit that underlies the tei liiii- 
cal working (if the library is, after all, 
the chief charm to its patrons. Everyone^ 
is made to feel that his quest, whatever 
it may be, is of primary importance; that 
all available information will be put at 
" his disposal, and that however laborious 
the search for material, it will be faitli- 
fully and cheerfully made for him. And 
this spirit of disinterested helpfulness 
which pervades all branches of (lie library 
work finds its inspiration in the clear 
insight, the keen perception, the sympa- 
thetic personality of the head librarian. 
Miss Sargent. 

S AHA II WAKNER BROOKS 

One of the most remarkable women 
living among us to-day is the autlioress 
Sarah Warner Brooks, alnuist eiglity-four 
years of age. 

In the seclusion of her lilac-em- 
bowered home on High street, she is 
literally a shut-in because of physical 
weakness, but in mind and heart she 
has the buoyancy of youth, U'mpered 
and softened by "sad lessons with the 
years." 

Through the medium of tlic jien her 
active brain is still giving out to the 
world rich and helpful thoughts in poem 
and story. 

Her latest book is entitled "A (Jarden 
wilh House Attached," and is of local 
interest as it is the story of " Tlie 
Lilacs," — the garden and home of the 
Brooks family in Jledfonl. 

It is a history of the foriuer occupants 
of the Brooks' JIansion and its motto is 
taken from Longfellow's " Haunted 
Houses." 

Mrs. Brooks was born at Sag Harbor, 
in 1821, and bad the misfortune to lose 
both mother and father at an early age. 
In 1840 she married Isaac Austin Brooks, 
of Medford, the son of Isaac Brooks, wlio 
died at Liverpool where he had been 
apjioiiited American consul. Much t)f her 
married life was spent in Cambridge, 
and on the death of her husband, twelve 
years ago, she made her residence at the 
Brooks Mansion. 

Among her six children only one 
remains, Edward C. Brooks, who with 
his family resides at the home of his 
mother. 

ANNIE HINKS RYDER 

Annie Ilinks Ryder is another of Med- 
ford's prominent women. She was born 
in Provincetown, Massachusetts. On the 
paternal side she sprang from the sturdy 



race of Cape Cod seamen, while on tlic 
maternal side she descended from a long 
line of Mayflower Pilgrims. 

Her earliest years were spent in her 
native town and in Cambridge, but when 
still a child she removed with her parents 
and brothers to Medford, 

Here she attended the public schools, 
graduating from tlie High School in 1871. 



Her life work as a teacher began in the 
Maiden High School, where for six years 
she gave her strength to the education of 
boys and girls. Feeling an esiiecial inter- 
est in the training of girls, she left the 
Jlaldcn school to devote herself to the 
instruction of girls in private schools and 
classes. This wiM'k for girls she has fol- 
lowed for many years, and at present has 
a day school for girls in this city. 



•V^JP 







SARAH -WARNER BROOKS, AT "THE LILACS," WEST MEDFORD 



To Medford schools and teachers she has 
always felt a deep obligation, reckoning 
them among the highest aids to any meas- 
ure of success she has attained. After 
graduation in this city, she pursued her 
studies at Maplewood Seminary, Pitts- 
field, and later with private instructors 
in lioston. 



Perhaps the work by wliich Miss Kyder 
is best known away from her home city, 
is lu-r contributions to the literature of 
girlhood. It is a pleasure to find that her 
books, "Hold Up Your Heads, Girls," 
" Go Right On, Girls," and " Xew Every 
Morning," have had a wide circulation. 



MEDFORI), PAST AND PRESENT 



HETTY FULTON WAIT 

Medford has one teacher whose work 
extends over a continuous period of 
fifty-three years. Miss Hetty Fulton Wait 
was born itt Medford, January 28, 1835, 
entered the public schools in 1844, and 
graduated from the High School when 
Charles Cummings was then principal, 
in 18.')1. On June 1, 1852, she began 
teaching in the Cross Street Alphabet 
School. On the completion of the Everett 
schoolhouse, in 1S52, she was transferred 
to the Old Park Street building, which 



The changes in buildings have been 
the least of the many changes in our 
schools since her connection with them 
began. In 1852, Medford had a small 
schoolhouse at West Medford, one at 
Symmes Corner, the High and Centre 
Grammar schools on High street, the 
East Oranimar on Park street, the East 
Alphabet on Cross street, and the South 
Alphabet on Back, now Union street. 
Her first school had one hundred and 
ten scholars, two of them about four 
years and a half old. It had three classes, 




HETTY FULTON WAIT 



was destroyed by lire in March, 1S55. 
This was rejilaced by the Swan School, 
dedicated on Christmas Day, 1855, where 
she continued her work till, in 1808, she 
was transferred to the James School, 
then on Ship street. When, in 1884, the 
James building was moved to its present 
location on Spring street, she went thither 
and still teaches there. The James build- 
ing was partly destroyed by fire in 1885, so 
two schoolhouses have been burned over 
her head. 



the A 15 C, the second class, just begin- 
ning to read, the third class, reading a 
little. Writing was not a part of the reg- 
ular course until children got out of the 
Alphabet into the Primary school, now 
called Intermediate; but, as a matter of 
fact, Miss Wait often began the instruc- 
tion of her pupils in writing in her 
Aljihabet school. 

She used liurnstead's Primer and the 
North American Arithnu'tic. Her salary 
was one hundred and eighty dollars. 



In 1800, writing was made part of the 
course in the Intermediate, not Primary, 
schools, for the first and seci>nd classes. 
It is now taught in the first grade of the 
Primary schools. 

Music was introduced as a study, in 
1871, in the Primary and Intermediate 
schools, and Miss Wait's pupils were 
among the first to show what good work 
the little ones could do. 

Drawing was added in 187o, the teach- 
ers of the town, with the first class in 
the High School being taught by Mr. 
B. W. Putnam. 

The School Connnittee when she began 
were Messrs. Timothy Cutting, Hosea 
Ballon, junior; Robert Ells, and Sanford 
B. Perry. 

Miss Wait is a member of the Unitar- 
ian Church, the Teachers' Club, the 
Medford Historical Society, the Royall 
House Association, and the Sarah Brad- 
lee Fulton Chapter of the D. A. R. 
(named in hiuior of her great-grand- 
mother). 

A reception was given in her honor on 
June 1, 1002, on the completion of her 
fiftieth year as a teacher in Medford. 

M. SUSAN GOODALE 

Mrs. M. Susan Goodale is well known 
in Medford for her good deeds as well as 
from a long residence. Her interest in the 
cause of the soldiers of the Civil war 
dates back to her school days when she 
received lessons of loyalty from a patri- 
otic father, Joseph L. Goldthwait, who 
aided the cause financially and organized 
a society for the care of the families of 
soldiers. 

So interested was his daughter in the 
work, that out of school ln>urs she so- 
licited funds and gave a Thanksgiving 
dinner to soldiers' families in her neigh- 
borhood. Iler father passing from this 
life soon after victory was won, she has 
honored his memory by a continued in- 
terest in the cause he loved. 

In early womanhood she was married 
to Oeorge L. Goodale, who served in the 
forty-third Massachusetts reginu'nt and 
who has since been the department com- 
mander of the G. A. R. and inspector- 
general on the staff of the commander- 
in-chief. He is now a cai)tain in the regular 
army and is stationed at Astoria, Oregon. 

It was but natural that when S. 0. 
Lawrence Relief Corps, No. 5, W. R. C, 
was organized in Medford, in 1870, that 
Mrs. Goodale should be a charter mem- 
ber. She was the first senior vice-presi- 
dent, was elected president in l!^81 and 



MKDFdlH), I'ASr AM) I'UKSEyT 



re-eloctpil tliree years in suroessinn. Fnim 
the year ISSl her ability was recdgiiized 
by her appointment upon many impor- 
tant committees; and in 1883 she was 
elected department senior vice-president, 
and a year laterdepartment president, to 
whieh office she was unanimonsly re- 
elected in 1885. 

Iler interest in the work has never 
flagged and especially in that of the relief 
of needy veterans and their families. For 
several years she has served as chairiiiaii 
of the department relief committee, and 
there she has shown exceptional judg- 
ment and ability. 

Mrs. Goodale iidierits much of lier 
patriotic spirit from Kevohitionary an- 
cestors. 

She was the first regent of the Sarah 
Hradlce Fulton Chapter of the I). A. K., 
of Medford, and has been actively inter- 
ested in the jireservation of the Royall 
House, which is so picturesque and of so 
much historic interest to the city. 

She was formerly an active member of 
the Medford Woman's Club, but has re- 
cently turned her attention more to the 
societies which are doing philanthropic 
work. She is a director of the Home for 
Aged Men and Women, Medford, and has 
worked faithfully in the Ladies' Aid 
Society of the Soldiers' Home, Chelsea. 

ZIPPOBAH SAWYKR 

Anumg the women identified with the 
histiu-y of Jledtord for many years, is 
Miss Zipporah Sawyer, who has always 
been actively interested along educational 
lines. 

Her long, continued service as a teaclur 
in the Everett School, from July 0, 18.")T, 
to March, 1S75, proves her successful 
career; her position was that of first 
assistant, lier brother Kufus Sawyer be- 
ing principal for thirty-four years. 

On her resignation, in 187."j, she was 
immediately honored by election as a 
member of the school board which place 
she occupied niost acceptably for eighteen 
years. Interested in the commendable 
objects of the Medford Historical society 
she is one of its life members, also an 
honorary member of the Teachers' (Juild 
and has a niendjership in the Unitarian 
Cliureli. 

Miss Sawyer was born in IJolton, the 
daughterof Dr. Levi and Hannah(Xourse) 
Sawyer, and can trace her ancestry back 
to Revolutionary heroes. 

She has many pleasant memories of 
her life work as a teacher and it is a 
great pleasure to her to meet so many of 



her old pupils who are now filling im- 
jiortant positions in the affairs of the 
city. 

Tier brother, Rufus Sawyer, was long 
identified with Medford's educational in- 
terests and was principal of the Everett 
Scliool many years. 

ALICE C. AYKES 

Miss Alice C. Ayres is the daughter of 
John and PUizabeth Ayres who came to 
Jli'dford in 18l)(;. Mr. Ayres at once be- 
came interested in the town and its wel- 
fare and was one of the original directors 
of the Savings Bank; also he was among 
the first to organize the movement tliat 
resulted in buying the land and making 
our Oak Grove Cemetery. 

The family lived here fifteen years and 
then moved to Roxbury and Hoston re- 
turning to Medford after an interim of a 
few years. 

In September, 180G, Miss Alice Ayres 
and her sister started the Medford Shakes- 
peare Club which still exists. At first it 
consisted of aboutone dozen young ladies 
who met once a week and cast tlie plays 
of Shakespeare aniimg its members; the 
parts were always carefully prepared and 
well read. 

Soon after it was organized, a number 
of tlieir married friends were added. The 
club has continued its work uninterrupt- 
edly to the present time. 

It is said to be the oldest organization 
of its kin<l among women, with one ex- 
ception, in the United States. During its 
long existence all the plays of Shakes- 
I>care have been carefully studied, the 
best literature on the subject thoroughly 
considered, and many of the classic plays 
of Greece and Rome have been read. 

There have been three presidents of 
this club:Miss Alice C. Ayres, Mrs. C. \. 
liemis and Mrs. R. P. Hallowell whonow 
hcdds that office. 

Miss Ayres was one of the managers of 
the Massachusetts Infant Asylum that 
was established in West Medford about 
thirty years ago, located on Allston 
street. It was given up on account of a 
change in the State arrangement for the 
jioor. 

Babies and nurses were received at this 
IIi>nie, and many were boarded in Med- 
ford families. Mrs. Sise, Miss Helen 
Porter, Mrs. Randall, Miss Fannie Bemis, 
Mr. and Mrs. N. P. Hallowell and many 
others assisted in this way in caring for 
many hundreds of the poor children of 
the state. 



Miss Ayres is a lirm l>eliever in <irgaii- 
ized work for benevolent purposes. She 
ably assisted Mrs. George D. Hall in form- 
ing an alliance in the Unitarian Society 
and rendered valuable aid to Miss Bemis, 
Mrs. N. P. Hallowell and Dr. Chandler 
in the formation of the District Nurse 
Association. 

The work with whichshe ismostclosely 
associated at the present time is the 
Medford Home for Aged Men and Women, 
which was organized at her home on 
High street in May, 1900. She was then 
elected its president and holds the posi- 
tion at the present time. 

CAROLINE E. SWIFT 

An invaluable teacher at the Medford 
High School for twenty-five years was 
Jliss Caroline E. Swift. She brought to 
her work, experience, ability and con- 
scientious loyalty to the school and city. 
The pupils in English literature, her 
special department of late years, fully 
ajipreciated her bmad reading, her en- 
thusiasm, and her skill in teaching. It is 
to her persistent efforts that gymnastic 
training for girls has become a permanent 
feature of the High School work. 

Miss Swift was for two years president 
of the Medford Teachers' Club; has been 
an active member of the Women's Club 
since its beginning, and of many other 
organizations which have the welfare of 
the community at heart. Many interest- 
ing papers have been written by her and 
read at the Women'sClub and the Jledford 
Historical Society. 

" Dame schools " and " Marm schools " 
were familiar terms in the primitive days 
of Medford, andajiplied to private schools 
for girls which were taught by learned 
dames. 

( )ne of the first schools of the kind was 
kept by Elizabeth Francis, familiarly 
known as "Marm Betty." She was born in 
n.'ii), and opened her first school in a 
building at the corner of Governors ave- 
nue, and later in the east half of what is 
now Withington's bake-shop. For sixty 
years she taught, and lived to the good 
old age of ninety-three. 

Another schoolmistress, whose name 
has been passed down through history 
since 1810, was Abigail Simonds, whose 
charge of twelve cents a pupil, to be paid 
every Monday morning, brought her a 
goodly income ; sufficient to build a house 
on the hill which to-day bears her name. 
She was married and left a home for three 
maiden daughters, who are remembered 



17 



by many to-<lay, as "dear old ladies." 
Miss Xabby was a tailoress and good 
authority on tbo cut of jackets and trousers 
for the buys of those daj's. Miss Pajuelia, 
the last of the family, left a donation, 
in trust, for indigent females boni in 
Medford. 

Previous to the opening of these Dame 
schools, the girls of the family had little 
chance of any instruction, our forefathers 
seeniingto think thattliey did not require 
it. In 1TT(>, however, it was voted that the 
master instructgirls two hours a day after 
the boys were dismissed; and, in 17P0, 
they were allowed four hours during three 
months in the summer. 



MEDFORD, PAST AXD PliESENT 

Greenleaf, Betsey Stimpson, Susan Hall, 
Elizabeth M. }5radbury, Xancy Fultipu. 

These most worthy teachers of the olden 
days must have proved their proficiency 
in the art of teaching, demonstrating it 
so plainly for a quarter of a century that 
in March 3, 1817, itwas decided that women 
were comiietent to teach the public school. 

Mrs. Abijah Kendall was the first woman 
employed who taught the girls in the same 
school where her husband took charge of 
the boys. 

Two years later, 1810, public primary 
schools were established and designated 
in the earlyrecords as "Women's schnols" 
because women were largely employed to 




SUSAXSA ROWSON 



As the tr>wn grew and cliildren became 
more numerous, it was voted, in 1704, to 
pay the schoolmistres.ses for instructing 
those children who were excluded from 
the public school, not being seven years 
of age,and whose parents were not able to 
l)ay the expense of the private school. 

Miss Eliza Francis was the first to avail 
herself of this opportunity, and was fol- 
loweil by others in the following order as 
they appear on the books of the selectmen : 
Sally Tufts, Prudence Foster, Mrs. Ben- 
jamin Pratt, Rebecca Blanchard, Susanna 
Usher, Abigail Simonds, Lucy Shedd, 
HannahGreenleaf,BethiahIIatch, Harriet 



teach them. Among the early ones we find 
Sally and Harriet Richardson teaching in 
a room fitted out for the purpose at their 
home, at the corner of High street and 
Hastings lane. They received two dollars 
a week for .six summer months. 

Miss Eliza Gray taught the primary 
school and allthe girls in the brick schf)i>l- 
house; Miss Eliza B. Wait, the east<'rn 
school, at the house of Rhoda Turner, 
located on Riverside avenue. 

SISASNA KOWSON' 

While changes were going on in the 
town's system of schools, Medford was 
receiving a reputation for excellent pri- 



vate schools; and in 1800, Miss Susanna 
Rowson, of London birth (but who came 
to Boston with her father at the age of 
four years), was attracted to Medford, and 
ojiened a boarding school for girls in the 
fine mansion known as the Bigelow Place. 
It was located on the grounds where the 
Episcopal Churchnow stands and became 
one of the most popular in the country, 
pupils coming from other states and from 
the British provinces. Miss Rowson had 
received a thorough education and had 
made herself famous as an actress, writer 
and teacher. 

At the age of twenty-eight she published 
"Charlotte Temple, or A tale of Truth," 
which took the world by storm. At that 
time she was pronounced the ablest fe- 
male writer of the day. She published a 
dictionary, a geography and other elemen- 
tary books for the benefit of her pupils. 

Miss Peggy Swan, of Medford, assisted 
Miss Rowson in the school as a teacher 
in penmanship. 

The school sustained its well deserved 
popularity throughout the three years of 
its existence. After twenty-five years of 
faithful teaching Miss Rowson retired. 
She died in 1824 at the age of sixty-three. 

Miss Hannah Swan taught a private 
school in the Jonathan Watson house on 
High street; and afterward, with Miss Ann 
Rose, opened a boarding school in the 
GarrisonHouse, which was very successful 
and filled by young ladies representing 
the best families of the state. Miss Eliza 
Bradbury also made a private school on 
Southstreet famousby her untiring efforts 
as a teacher. It is sometimes referred to 
as an academy. 

ANNA (DAVIs) HALLOWEI.L 

The name of Hallowell has been well 
known in Medford since the days of anti- 
slavery, and the subject of this sketch 
brought within our borders a portion of 
the sjiirit of her grandmother, Lucretia 
Mott of Philadelphia, well known the 
country over for lier pronounced position 
as an abolitionist. She was the daughter 
of Edward M. and Maria (Mott) Davis, of 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She married 
Richard Price Hallowell, a merchant in 
Boston, and removed to Medford in 1850, 
to theirpresent residence on High street. 

She was actively interested in anti" 
slavery, woman suffrage and the cause of 
the colored people; she is still working 
along these lines, and in connection with 
her husband is interested in the Cal- 
houn colored school of Alabama; also 
the Colored Woman's Home in Boston. 
She is a member of the Medford Women's 



48 



MKDFOHI), I'AST A XI) rHJ-JSKXT 

Club, tlie New ?:iit;laiiil Chili, and lias in all iihilaiithrnjiic work, and was a char- ceased, whose iiiteivst in deaf ehildreii 

held office in the Free Religiiius Assoeia- ter member of the Medford Woman's led her to found the Sarah Fuller Home 

tion of Boston. Club, working always in its interest. She for youngdeaf mutes, which is sodelight- 

( )f Quaker jiarentage, the simplieity of was also active in the Unitarian Churcli. fully located in West Medford; Miss Eliza 

Quakerism runs through her home life. At her death she left a sum of money L. Clarke, who has served as matron and 

She is the mother of two sons and two for the benefit of the poor and aged of luincipal of the Sarah Fuller Home since 

daughters. Mrs. May (Hallowell) Loud, Medford. thi; first day of its existence on June 1"), 

the oldest daughter, is an artist of note I" quick succession tlie mind recalls 188S, each liave proved her efficiency and 

and well known as a portrait painter, the names of those in the Lawrence fami- success. 

Mrs. Lucretia Mott Churchill is the wife lies, whose liberal assistance in every Among the writers who have contrib- 

ofa physician in Chicago. Mrs. Hallowell g"'>A cause can always be relied upon, uted literary works to the library and are 

is a writer of note of present day litera- Miss Mary Porter, who, like her higlily- elassed as Jledford authors, not already 

ture, and has contributed quite a number esteemed cousin, Miss Helen Porter, has referred to, are: — Josephine L. Richard 

of works which have been received with always been identified with philanthropic botanist, who has written on "Wild 

great favor. work, and is at present one of the man- Flowers and Ferns"; Maud K. Welling- 

Miss HKLFN POKTFK ^^''"''' "" tl^" ^"^rd for the Home for Aged ton, "Rhymes," in 1003; Mrs. Benjamin 

' ' Men and Women; Miss Ellen M.Barr, a r. Hayes, sonnets; Mrs. F. L Paradise 

The memory of Mis.s Helen Porter and well-known and successful teacher, now ,„nnets; Miss Emily Hallowell, daughter 
her kindly w.irds and deeds can m.t easily deceased; Miss Harriet Brown, Miss Ella „f Mrs. Edward N. Hallowell has col- 
be erased. She was born in Medford at t^ Buibank the l\ri>;ses: Athertnn i\ri%: i ^ i ' ' / .t i ' , . 

i^. jiuioank, tne Misses Atneiton, xMis. lected many negro ballads and is a 

thehomeof her parents George W. and t. P. Smith, Miss Katherine H. Stone, compiler of " Calhoun Plantation Songs." 

nelen(Hall) Porter, on South street Her Miss Louise F. Hunt, all educators of „ .p^ee would permit, sketches of a 

life seemed overflowing with loving kind- t,,e pastand present, and dozens of others i„„g list of prominent women might be 

ness and generous impulse, which m a who have been interested in the literary, ^dded, for it can be truly said that 

quiet way carried cheer and comfort to domestic, social and scientific lines of >r,.dford can claim 

many homes. Miss Porter was interested club life; Mrs. Louise Brooks, now de- •• Honorable women ... not a few." 



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Tufts College 



GoMPiLKi) BY Samuel Elder 



AIIISTolIY of MiMlfi.nl w,,ul(l to- 
day 111' iiui>iiiiilete without an ac- 
count of Tufts College and its 
history since the inception of the 
uiovcment, in 1847, resulting in its foun- 
dation by the Reverend Thomas J. Saw- 
yer, of Xcw York, the Kevercnd Ilosea 
liallou, 2d, of Medford, and the lleverend 
Thonuis Whitteniore, of Candjridgeport. 
Our people feel a sort of proprietary in- 
terest in the institution; anil they have 
watched witli pride th(^ constant growth 
aiul hioadciiing of its scope of work, 
since in tlie year 1S.")7, when its gradua^ 
tiiig class nundiered but three, to the 
ju-esent tinu', when the idass of liXl.') num- 
bi'rs one hundred and seventy-live; and 
they recognize and apjireciate the won- 
derful changes during tliese years which 
liave taken place on and around College 
Hill, through the addition of college 
buildings and residem^es for college offi- 
cials, and licautifying of the surrounding 
gi<Mniils. 

Situated near the line and dividing the 
cities of Sonierville and iIe<lford, on one 
of tlie most sigldly hills in greater Bos- 
ton, within ten minutes by steam train 
and thirty minutes by electric cars to that 
city, within lifteen minutes' walk of the 
City Hall in Jledford, and surrounded by 
a country unsurpassed in picturesque- 
ncss, it is generally conceded that Tufts 
lias in point of locati<Mi many essentials 
in its favor enjoyed by few — if any — other 
similar institutions. It is sufficiently far 
from lioston to insure the healthfulness 
and freedom of country life and to pre- 
serve the "college atnuisijhere" deemed 
so needful for the best work by students, 
and yet not so remote as to prevent enjoy- 
ment l^t advantages and recreations such 
as a large city may afford. 

Tntts College was establislicd under a 
charter granteil on the twenty-first day 




r,A.LLOU HALL 



of April, 18r>2, by the General Court of 
Massachusetts. 

The movement resulting in the found- 
ing of the College was set on foot in 1S47, 
through the efforts of the above-named 
gentlemen. After much consideration, the 
work of raising a fund of one hundred 
thousand <lollars for a foundation was un- 
dertaken, and alxuit sixty thousand dol- 
lars was obtained in money. Sylvanus 
Packard gave his bond for twenty thou- 
sand dollars additional, and Charles Tufts 
gave twenty acres of land on Walnut Hill, 
embracing the present site of the College. 
Mr. Tufts announced his intention of in- 
creasing his gift of land to more tlian one 
hunilrcd acres, and thus became the larg- 



est benefactor of the young institution, 
which accordingly received his name. Mr. 
Packard, a Boston merchant, bequeathed 
to the College his entire fortune. Among 
other benefactors who may be numbered 
among the founders of the College, were 
Oliver Dean, who gave it ninety thousand 
dollars, and Thomas A. (ioddard, whose 
gifts, though unobtrusive, were constant. 
Sirs. Goddard continued the generosity 
of her husband, and at her death made a 
substantial bequest to the College. Dr. 
William J. Walker also made gifts and 
beijuests amounting to nearly three hun- 
dred thousand dollars. 

While tlie College owed its beginning 
to the effort and the suppiu-tof members 



61 



MEDFORD, PAST Ayn PRESEXT 



of the Universalist denoiuinatiim, it was 
provided by theLegiblature in the charter 
that 

" N'o iiistriietor in said college shall 
ever be required by the Trustees to pro- 
fess any jiarticular religious opiniuns as 
a test of ottice, and no student shall be re- 
fused admission to or denied any of the 
I>rivileges, honors, or degrees of said col- 
lege, on account of the religious opinions 
he may entertain."' 

This provision lias always been inter- 
preted by the Trustees and Faculty in its 
broadest sense. The non-sectarian char- 
acter of the work of the College is amply 
shown by the membership of its Faculty 
and student body. The truth, and not the 
maintenance of any religious or political 
doctrine, has been the aim of its rescardi 
,and of its instruction. The first Faculty 
meeting was held October 0, 1854, when 
there were in College students forming 
the Sophomore and the Freshman class. 
The only building at that time was the 
main College building, now known as 
Ballon Hall. The next building to be 
erected was a small, brick dormitory, now 
the Library building. The large dormi- 
tory known as East Hall was the next 
aildition to the group, and, in 1872, ^Yest 
Hall was opened to students. It was ten 
years before building operations were re- 
newed by the College. The original Faculty 
numbered five. The first class, of three 
members, was graduated in IS'n. 




MIXER AND PAIGE 



At the outset, provision was made for 
a course of study leading to the degree of 
Bachelor of Arts. The only feature of its 
work peculiar to Tufts College in these 
years of its beginning was the attention 
given to the study of history. Tlie first 




president of the College, the Reverend 
Hosea Ballou, 2d, D.D., was likewise Pro- 
fessor of History and of Intellectual 
Philosophy, and gave instruction in his- 
tory remarkable alike for its quantity and 
quality, at a time when the study was 
liardly recognized in American colleges. 

The Reverend Hosea Ballou, 2d, was 
born in Guilford, Vermont, October 13, 
IT'.iO. He was the son of Asahel Ballou, 
and the grand-nephew of Hosea Ballou, 
who was at that time just coming intu 
prominence as a jireacher. The boyhood 
of young Hosea was spent in the adjacent 
town of Halifax, his family having re- 
moved tliere a few years after his birth. 
As a lad he displayed a taste for books, 
and hopes were entertained that he might 
be able to obtain a college education. 
While scarcely more than a boy, his mind 
became oi'cupied with questions of re- 
ligion, and he turned then towards Uni- 
versalism. Possessing a great gift of 
eloquence, it was not unnatural that he 
sliould adopt the minstry as his profes- 
sion. Accordingly, he studied theology, 
anil in a short time was prepared for his 
work. 

In June, 1838, Mr. Ballou became set- 
tled over a parish in Medford, where he 
continued preaching until called to spend 
his best endeavors and accomplish their 



WEST 



3IEDF0RI), PAST AND PRESENT 



richest results within the building upon 
tlie summit of College Hill, to which an 
aft'ectionate remembrance has since given 
his name. 

Dr. ]3allou was one of the prime movers 
in the founding of Tufts College. When 
Dr.Sawyer declined the presidency, it was 
offered, in 1853, to him; but it was with 
great hesitation that he accepted the po- 
sition, lie doubted his fitness for the 
place and feared his lack of college train- 
ing W(juld be an impedinuMit to his use- 
fulness; but he could not fail to see that 
after the refusal of Dr. Sawyer he was the 



industry. Many of liis contemporaries may 
have excelled him inbrilliancy of scholar- 
ship, probal)ly£ew in solid attainmentand 
soundness of learning. 

Dr. Ballou was .succeeded in presidency 
by the Reverend Alonzo Ames Miner, 
D.D., LL.D., who was inauguratedin 1802, 
and continue<l in olJice until 187.5, resign- 
ing in February of that year. Dr. Miner's 
incumbency was marked by large finan- 
cial additions to the C(dlege, and by the 
further growth of a broad and scholarly 
spirit. 

Dr. Miner was born iii Lempster, Sulli- 



dcsire to enter the ministry and was or- 
dained in 18;i9. 11 is tirst ministerial work 
was in Unity and surrounding villages. 
He was later called to Methuen, then to 
Lowell, and in 1848 succeeded the Rev- 
erend E. II. Chapin, D.D., as colleague of 
the venerable Hosea Ballou at the Second 
Universalist Church; and as successor to 
Mr. Ballou, presided over this church un- 
til his death. 

Dr. Miner was President of Tufts from 
1802 until 1875, and under his adminis- 
tration the growth of the material pros- 
perity of the College was very great. He 





VIEW OF COLLEGE HILL IN 1859 



man to whom the task most naturally 
fell, and with a resolution to do what he 
considered his duty, took up the work. 

His formal inauguraticm took place on 
August 25, 1855, serving until his decease. 
President Balhui died May 21, 1801, worn- 
out by overwork. His funeral took place 
on the thirty-first. 

Dr. Ballou was a splendid example of a 
self-made man. Endowed, no doubt, with 
a wonderful intellect, his greatest suc- 
cesses were largely due to his untiring 



van county, New Hampshire, August 17, 
1814. He received his early education in 
the district schools, later at Hopkinton, 
Lebanon and Franklin, Tsew Hampshire, 
and Cavendish, Vermont. From his six- 
teenth to his twentieth year he taught in 
the public schools and during the year 
1S:!4-M5 assisted in conducting the Caven- 
dish Academy. From 18.')5 to 1889 he was 
principal of the Unity (New Hampshire) 
Academy. 

The young man had formed a sincere 



did not relinquish his Boston pastorate, 
uor did he ever reside at the Hill, but for 
the College, as for everything else with 
which he had to do, his remarkable ex- 
ecutive abilityaccomplislu'd large results. 
He resigned the presidency because he 
felt that it required the entire attentifm 
of its incumbent, but be continued to 
serve the trustees as a member of the ex- 
ecutive committee until his death. 

Dr. Miner died on Class day, June 14, 
1895. His illness was short, and he was 



MEDFOniK PAST AND PBESENT 



active to the last. His death was looked 
upon as a public niisfoi-tune. Even his 
enemies, and he had many, respected him 
and mourned his loss. 

In March, 187.5, Reverend Elmer Hewitt 
Capen,D.D.,waselected to the presidency 
of tlie College, vacated by the resignation 
of President Miner, and he was inaugu- 
rated on the second day of June. 

Dr. Capeu was born in Stoughton, Nor- 
folk county, Massaclmsetts, April 5, 1838. 
He received his preparatory education at 
Pierce Academy in Middleborough and 
at Green Mountain Institute in Wood- 
stock, Vermont, and entered Tufts Col- 
lege in the fall of 18.00, where he was 
known as a brilliant scholar and thorough 
student. 

When twenty-one years of age, Jlr. 
Capen became a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Legislature from his native town, 
and after serving the term for which he 
was elected, resumed his studies at the 
College. In 1800, he graduated with his 
class and began the stiuly of law with 
Thomas S. Ilarlow, of Boston. In 18G4 he 
was admitted to the bar, but never prac- 
tised, a desire for the ministry liaving 
taken possession of his mind, and he 
studied theology, and in 180-5 was ordained 
as minister in the Independent Christian 
Church, Gloucester, Massachusetts, where 
he remained four years, subsequently go- 
ing to St. Paul, Minnesota. 

Mr. Capen remained in St. Paul for a 
year, and then went to Prt>vidence, Rhode 
Island, where he remained until his resig- 
nation, in 1875, to accept the presidency of 
Tufts. 

President Capen's administration was 
one of marked growth for the College. lie 
was a man of progressive ideas and great 
common sense in applying them. He was 
thoroughly in touch with the student in- 
terests. 

President Capen died March 22, 1905, 
honored as a public man, a successful ed- 
ucator, and essentially a gentleman in the 
widest sense of the word. His funeral was 
attended by the Governor of the Com- 
monwealth and other dignitaries, and ofti- 
cial notice of his decease taken by the 
City Government of Medford. 

The College buildings are seventeen in 
number. Ballon Hall contains recitation- 
rooms, the room of the President and 
Faculty, and the offices of the Dean, the 
Registrar, and the Bursar. It contains also 
the college bookstore. Other buildings are 
Barnum Museum; Goddard Chapel; God- 




IIOSEA BALLOU, 2D. 



dard Gymnasium; the Library; the Chem- 
ical Building; three dormitories, — East 
Hall, West Hall, and Dean Hall, for men; 
the Commons Building, containing the 
Commons dining-hall, the post-office, and 
rooms for students; Metcalf Hall and the 
Start House, for women students. The 
Bromfield-Pearson School building is 
available for technical courses of the Col- 
lege. Two buildings. Miner Halland Paige 
Hall, are devoted to the use of the Divin- 
ity .School. A new building, the Robinson 
Hall, provides for work in certain of the 
jjhysical sciences. A power-hfiuse has been 
added, supi)lying light, heat, and power 
to the engineering buildings. 

The Barnum Museum of Natural His- 
tory was built in 1883-84 by the late 
Phineas T. Barnum, who gave the College 



a fund for its maintenance and for the ad- 
dition of two wings to the central build- 
ing. One of these wings has been erected. 
In addition to laboratory rooms, it affords 
space for the display of mineralogical and 
geological collections. 

The College is also indebted to Mr. 
Barnum for the larger portion of its zoo- 
logical collection. This serves to illustrate 
all groups of the animal kingdom, and is 
especially rich in skeletons and mounted 
skins of mammals, the whole being well 
adapted for the purposes of instruction. 
The botanical collection consists of an 
herbarium cimtaining a representatif)n of 
the flora of New England, besides many 
specimens from Europe and the southern 
and western states. The geological collec- 
tion contains representatives of the va- 



MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT 



ridus types of rocks, as well as of fossils 
from all formations. The mineralooical 
collection embraces fine examples of most 
of the species. 

The laboratories ami Icitiue-rooms of 
the department of (Jeology are inthe main 
Museum bnililing. The geolojj'cal labo- 
ratory is provided with petrologieal mi- 
croscopes, instruments for making rock 
sections, ami other instruments. The min- 
eralogical laboratory jiossesses the appa- 
ratus necessary for the determination of 
minerals, the analysis of ores, and e.ssay 
work. The biological laboratories are in 
the newly-erected wing. The laboratory 
for elementary work is furnished with all 
necessary facilities, while the laborato- 
ries (two in number) for advanced and 
research work have all tlie ai)iiliances 
needed for investigation on the lines of 
anatomy, histology, and embryology. 

Goddard Gymnasium, the gift of Mrs. 
Mary T. Goddard, is well fitted for class 
and individual work, and is ])rovid('d with 
all the apparatus found in a well-equipped 
gymnasium. 

The building of the department of 
Chemistry contains laboratories for gen- 
eral inorganic, organic, analytical, and 
metallurgical chemistry, a large lecture- 
room, library and weighing-room, and 
the private laboratories of the professors 
in charge. Rooms are provided with all 
the modern laboratory conveniences, and 
are well supplied with apparatus and 
chemicals. 

Robinson Hall is a memorial to the late 
Charles Robinson, and is designed for the 
use of the department of Engineering. It 
contains the physical and electrical labo- 
ratories, and drafting rooms for the de_ 
partment of Civil Engineering. In addition 
to recitation rooms and olHces of the in- 
structors, there is a large lecture hall and 
a library. 

The Bromfield-Pearson Building com- 
prises the drafting and recitation rooms, 
offices, and shops for conducting the spe- 
cial courses of the school. It is used also 
for the department of drawing and for the 
shop-work in the College. The drafting- 
rooms are three in number, separated from 
the noise and vibration of the shops. Each 
student is provided with a separate bench, 
forge, lathe and tools. A twenty-five horse- 
power engine furnishes the motive power 
for the shops, and also serves for experi- 
mental work in the study of the steam 
engine. A one-hundred-and-tifty-light dy- 




REVERENl) Dlt. A. A. MINER 



namo, designed and built at the College, 
provides the drafting-rooms and shops 
with electric lights. 

The halls for the accommodation of 
students in the College of Letters are six 
in number. East, West, and Dean Halls, 
and the Commons building, for men, are 
arranged with convenient rooms in suites, 
are warmed by steam, lighted by gas, and 
have good modern plumbing. These halls 
provide rooms for two hundred and fifty 
men. Metcalf Hall, with accommodations 
for twenty-four women students, is a gift 
to the College by Albert Metcalf, of New- 
t( in. Every safeguard of health is provided. 
The Start House furnishes another home 
for women, witli a matron and rooms for 
tliirteen students. 

(ioddard Clia pel, erected in 1882-S:i, is 
the gift of Mrs. Mary T. Goddard, as a 



memorial of her liusljand.the late Thomas 
A. Goddard. Morning prayers are held 
daily, at which attendance is required. 
The care of the pulpit on Sunday devolves 
upon the President of the College; but 
variety and interest are given the preach- 
ing service by frequent exchange with 
neighboring clergymen. A trained choir, 
composed of men and women students, 
sings on Sunday. Attendance ui^m Sun- 
day service is required; but permission 
is freely given to those who desire to at- 
tend elsewhere. 

The college year begins on the third 
Thursday in September, and ends at Com- 
mencement, the third Wednesday in June. 

The charge for instruction in all de- 
partments in the College of Letters except 
the department of Engineering, is one 
hundred dollars a year, or four hundred 



66 



MEDFOnl). PAST AXI) PIt?:SENT 



^.\ 




(iODDAKD ClIAl'EL 




METCALF 



MEDFORD, PAST AXD PRESENT 



W 




BARXUM MUSEUM 



dollars fm' the full Cdurse k'ailiujj to any 
ilegive other than in enfjineerin};, whether 
the course be completetl in three, four or 
more years. The charge for instruction in 
the Department of Engineering is one 
hundred and twenty dollars a year. 

Owing to the rapid growth of the Med- 
ical and Dental departments of the Col- 
lege, it was found necessary to provide 



increased laboratory facilities. Accord- 
ingly, in 1000, the trustees voted to provide 
a new building, and land was purchased 
ill Boston, on the corners of Iluntington 
and Rogers avenues and Conrtland an<l 
Drisko streets. This new building con- 
tains nearly an acre-and-a-half of floor 
space,and is heated, ventilated and lighted 
according to the most approved modern 



methods. Improvements have been intro- 
duced in all departments, and every effort 
has been made to render it the best ar- 
ranged as well as the largest structure of 
its kind in Xew England. 

The Bromfield-Pearson School is for 
young men whose preparation for engi- 
neering studies may be deficient in some 
of the required branches, but w hose prac- 






-i&^m: 
















EAST 
67 



MEDFOIil). PAST A\T) PnKSEXT 




ELMER H. CArEX, L. L. 1). 



MEDFORI), PAST A^D PRESENT 




BROMFIELD-PEARSON SCHOOL 



tice and fxpei-iciu'ti in the applied art of 
ciifiiiu'eriiig may qualify them to pursue 
some of the regular subjeets while mak- 
ing up their delieiencies. 

The Divinity School is one oi the co- 
ordinate departments of Tufts College, and 
the general a<lvantages of the College are 
enioyed by its students. 

FREDERICK \V. HAMILTON 

Frederick W. Hamilton, acting presi- 
dent, was born in Portland, Maine, March 
30, 1800. He was graduated from Tufts 
College in the class of 1880. After gradu- 
ation he entered the employ of the Port- 
land and Ogdensburg Railroad as the 
suiierintendent's clerk. In 1880 he entered 
the Divinity School as a special student. 
Ordained to the ministry in 1800, he set- 
tled in Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Dr. 
Hamilton became pastf>r of the Roxbury 
Universalist Church in 189.5, and is still 
its pastor. He received the degree of A. M. 
from Tufts, in 1880, after a post graduate 
course, and was granted an honorary de- 
gree of S. T. D. in 1880. He has been a 
trustee of Tufts College since 189."), and 
for the greater part of the time chairman 
of the executive committee. 

Dr. Hamilton is the author of a book, 
"The Church and Secular Life,"' and 
several essays. He is a member of several 




ROBINSON 



MEDVOUl). PAST A XI) PnESENT 




REVEREND DOCTOR HAMILTON 



MEVFOIU), PAST Ayv VUESEyT 



clubs and organizations, antl chaplain of 
Washington Lodge A. F. and A. M., in 
Roxbury. 

WILMAM ROI^MN SIIIPMAN 

William Uollin Shijinian, Dean of the 
Faculty of Ai'ts and Sciences, was born 
in Evansville, Vermont, May 4, 1830, and 
was graduated from Middlebury College 
in 1859. From the age of sixteen to the 
end of his college course he taught school 
one term or more in every year. He was 
jirincipal of an academy nt South Wood- 
stock, Vermont, lS59-180^3, resigning the 
position to secure means for establishing 
a modern academy. From this work he 
was called, in the summer of 18(34, to the 
professorship of rhetoric, logic and Eng- 
lish literature in Tufts College, and en- 
tered upon its duties the first of October 
following. The work he had begun in 
Vermont resulted in the building of (iod- 
dard Seminary at Barre, Vermont, a 
school in close relations with the college 
since its opening, early in 1870. For the 
last thirty years Dean Shipman has been 
president of the trustees of this seminary 
and a member of its executive committee, 
devoting a great deal of time to its inter- 
ests. He was ordained to the ministry in 
1805, and for twenty-five years preacheil 
most of the Sundays, although never in 
full pastoral relations. Ilis work in tlie 
College was almost exclusively teaching 
for thirty-five years. In 1809, he was 
granted a year's leave of absence, which 
he spent in travel, chiefly in Europe. ( in 
his return he was appointed dean and 
relieved from a large part of his teaching. 
lie received the degree of A. M. from 
Middlebury, in 1802; of D. D. from St. 
Lawrence, in 1882; of LL.D. from Tufts 
in 1899, and from Middlebury in 190U. 

PROFESSOR AMOS K. DOLBEAK 

Professor Amos E. Dolbear was born 
at Norwich, Connecticut, Xovember 10, 
1837.11 is parents died while he was young, 
and he received a few years of schooling 
at Newport, Rhode Island. He has been 
a farm hand in New Hampshire and 
Missouri, a workman in shipyards and 
jirinting olticcs, .a pistol maker, a pioneer 
.school teacher in Ilarville, Wisconsin, 
in the Ozark mountains, where he was 
twice mobbed by riotous inhabitants. 
He has walked from Missouri to the east, 
supporting himself by work and by play- 
ing on the violin. In turn he has been 
a machinist, an employe of the Spring- 
field armory, a student at Ohio Wes- 
leyan Academy and at the University of 
Jlichigan, in the latter becoming an 
instructor; has been twice head of geo- 




DEAN SHIPMAN 




SECRETARY CHASE 



logical expeditions sent to the great 
lakes. He has been once shipwrecked; 
was twice elected Mayor of Bethany, 
West Virginia, where he was professor 
at Bethany College. He has also been an 
assistant professor at the Kentucky Uni- 
versity. 

In 1874, Professor Dolbear accepted 
the Chair of Physics and Chemistry at 
Tufts, since which time his name has 
become world-widely known by reas(m 
of his important electrical inventions, 
and as author of valuable technical 
scientific works. He is a member of the 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 
a Fellow of the American Association for 
the Advancement of Science; a mendier 
of the Twentieth Century and Authors' 
Clubs, of Boston; the American Philo- 
sophical Si>ciety, of Washington, and 
National Institution of Art, Science and 
Literature, of New York. As early as 
1882 he filed an application for patents 
on his appliances for telegraphing with- 
out wires, and in 1896 photographed a 
body through a board table by means of 
an electrical discharge. At Paris he re- 
ceived a silver medal, aiul from London, 
in 1882, a gold medal, both for his con- 
tributions to science. 



MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESEXT 





CHARLES II. LEUNAKU 



AMO-S i-:. lioLliEAR 





CHARLES llALL LEOXAKD 



GARDNER CHACE ANTHONY 



62 



ilEDFUlll), I'AST AM) I'llEf^EM 



Professor Dolbear was married in 1800 
to Alice J. Ilood, and has three suns and 
two daughters. 

HARRY GRAY CHASE 

Harry (;ray Chase, Secretary o£ the 
Facnlty of Arts and Sciences, was born 
in West Xewbury, Massachusetts, Sep- 
tember 10, 1871. He attended the pnblic 
schools of the town and fitted for college 
in the local High School and Dean Acad- 
emy, Franklin, Massachusetts. He grad- 
uated from Tufts College in 1893 with 
the degree of Bachelor of Science in Elec- 
trical Engineering. From the fall of 1803 
to the spring of 180.") he was employed in 
the electrical department of the West End 
Street Railway Comjiany. In the spring 
of 1805 he was appointed Assistant in 
Electrical Engineering in Tufts College. 
In January, 1800, he was appointed In- 
structor in Electrical Engineering. In 1807 
he was appointed Registrar of tile Col- 
lege, and in 1800 was elected Secretary of 
the Facnlty. In the college year 1800-1000 
he served as Walker Special Instructor in 
Mathematics. In 1902 he was appointed 
Assistant Professor of Physics, which 
position with that of Secretary of the 
Facnlty of Arts and Sciences is occupied 
at tlie present time. He served as a mem- 
ber of the school committee of his local 
town for five years, and is a member of 
educational and scientific societies. 

Professor Chase was married, Xoveni- 
ber 23, 1897, to Miss Mary F. Cook, of 
Gloucester. They have two sons and one 
daugliter. 

PROFESSOR GARDNER CHACB ANTUONY 

Gardner Chace Anthony, Dean of the 
Engineering Department, was born in 
Providence, Rhode Island, April 24, IS.jO. 
His ancestors were among the early set- 
tlers of Massachusetts and the first set- 
tlers of Providence. 

He began to attend school at the age (.>f 
five years, and three years later entered the 
English and Classical school whei-e he re- 
mained for nearly nine years, leaving a 
few months before graduation on account 
of a severe illness. In October of 1874, he 
entered the drafting room of the Provi- 
dence Steam Engine Company and re- 
mained therefor more than a year. During 
this time he prepared to enter Brown 
University and was admitted in the win- 
terof 1875-70. He jHirsued courses inmath- 
ematics and science, together with such 
engineering as was given in those days, 
until the fall of 1877 when be entered Tufts 
College to continue special studies. 




MEDICAL AXD DENTAL SCHOOLS 




INTERIOR OF GODDARD GTMNASTOM 



63 



it ED FORD, PAST AND PRESENT 



In t)utiiber of 1S7S, he entered the em- 
ploy of the Harris-Corliss Engine Com- 
pany, where he remained for nearly three 
years, and then returned to the employ of 
the rrovidence Steam Engine Company, 
remaining until November, 1SS4. During 
the yearfollowing he wasengaged on pat- 
ent work, general engineering, and also 
as designer for the Brown & Sharpe Man- 
ufacturing Company. 

Mr. Anthony began to teach in 188."), 
his first position being in the Rhode Island 
School of Design, in which he became di- 
rector of the mechanical department. In 
connection with this position he also tilled 
thatof instructor of drawing in the Provi- 
dence High School, which position he con- 
tinued to fill for six years. In 1887, he 
founded the RhodeIslandTe<hnicalDraw- 
ing School which continued with increas- 
ing prosperity during the tenn of his 
management. In 1889, the position of Prin- 
cipal of tlie Pawtucket Evening Drawing 
School was added to his other labors, and 



this position together with the former was 
tilled until 1893, when he was called to 
Tufts as Dean of the Bromfield-Pearson 
School and Professor of teclinical drawing 
in the College. These positions he con- 
tinues to till together with that of Dean of 
tlie Engineering Department, which ap- 
Iiointment he received in 1898, soon after 
the organization of this department. 

Professor Anthony is the autlior of a 
series of text books on the subject of 
(iraphics, which is knownasthe Techni- 
cal Drawing Series. These have been 
heartily endorsed by prominent educators 
and are now used in many leading schools 
and colleges. In 1884, he was elected 
a member of the American Society of Me- 
chanical Engineers, and, in 1890, received 
the honorary degree of A.M. fr(mi Tufts 
College. 

Professor Antimony was niarried June 
2.'i, 1879, to Miss Susie A. Pearson, of 
Kuxbury, and they have one son. 



cuari.es HALI. LEONAHI) 

Charles Hall Leonard, Dean of the 
Divinity School, wasborn inNorthwood, 
New Hampshire. His early life, however, 
was spent in Haverhill, Massachu.setts, 
and all the formal education he knew was 
begun in the Academy of tliat town. 

In 1840, Mr. Leonard began the study 
of theology in Clinton, New York. His 
lirst and only settlement as a minister 
was in Chelsea, Massachusetts, where he 
went in 1848, and where he remained 
twenty-three years. His work in Tufts Col- 
lege began in 18G9, and has gone on with- 
out interruption to the present time. 

Mr. Leonard received the degree of 
A.M. from Tufts College, and the degree 
of D.D. from St. Lawrence University. 

He is an homu'ary member of the Star 
of Bethlehem Lodge of Masons in Chel- 
sea, Massachusetts, and was made an 
honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa at 
Tufts College. 



64 



The Ecclesia^ical Hi^ory of Medford 



COMPILKl) BY FkAXCKS (JkNKIXs) FrkNCH 



A HISTORY of Jledford would 
iiiiquestiouably be iiic-omplete 
witliout condensing into a few 
pages, at least, a conipreliensive 
aecount of the greatest force in her prog- 
ress and development, in order that her 
citizens, by taking a backward glance at 
the pathways along which their fore- 
fathers trod, may glean some kno^^ ledge 
of the original sources which have aided 
in making them what they are to-day. 

It is hardly to be hoped that the pres- 
ent atU'mpt to treat so wide a subject 
within so small a compass will satisfy all 
readers. Many minor details will neces- 
sarily have to be omitted. The minute 
history of the several religious denomi- 
nations has already been recorded by 
able writers, and in this article of the 
present day it is proposed to give but a 
casual review of the events of the jiast 
and to present to the iniblic, in brief 
sketches, the churches of Medford as 
they appear at the present time. 



T.I get a gi.nd idea nt tlic early Cliris- 
tians of the town, let us bear in mind 
that the Puritan conmmnities in the early 
days of the settleinent were not the 
churches of Medford as we know them 
to-day. They were simply little house- 
hold <-ompanies of men and wonu'u wlio, 
after the toil of the day was over, gathered 
together, to read, as they loved to call it, 




FIR.'^T rVITARlAX CHURCH 



MEDroitlK I'AST AM) I'UKsKST 




MKDFOUD, PAST AyD PUESEyT 



the "Word of God," and pray and sing 
and thank God for his mercies. They 
bronglit with them a willingness to learn 
each from the other, and their prevalent 
desire was to better life. 

In the early history the town and 
parish were identical, but the Supreme 
Court of the State repeatedly decided 
that when a second parish or religious 
society was formed in the town, the 
identity of the town and parish was 
ended. 

Notes are recorded of Medford's first 
attempt to have a settled ministry by 
agreeing to hire a preacher who should 
supply them for six months or a year, 
and to pay him by individual subscrip- 
tions; and in order to save expense, tliey 
sometimes hired Harvard tutors to preach 
for them. 

The first churches of the olden time 
were generally square. We learn that 
in the primitive days they were termed 
"Meeting-houses." The order of .service 
was much like that at present prevalent 
in the Congregational churches of to-day. 
History teaches us that there were no 
pews at first; the town choosing a special 
<'ommittee "to seat the congregation,"' 
and those paying the highest contribu- 
tion to the support of the church and 
minister were given the preference in the 
choice of seats. There was also no choir 
at first, and the pitch-pipe of the deacon 
was the only instrumental music. 




FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 




REVEREND EDGAR C. BRIDGHAM 



FiusT ixiTAiuAX nirurTi 
The First Unitarian Church can prop- 
erly lay claim to being the oldest eccles- 
iastical body of Medford, having been 
organized in 1(»8, but not taking much 
of a i)ennanent form until February 11, 
171;!, wlien Reverend Aaron Porter be- 
came pastor. The Reverend Mr. Porter 
continued as the church's spiritual ad- 
viser for a period of nine years, when lie 
died of a fever, at the age of thirty-three 
years. Reverend Ebenezer Turell was the 
next minister. He came November 2."), 
1724, at a salary of £100 per annum. He 
continued to be pastor for fifty years, lack- 
ing two months, when an assistant was 
appointed in the person of Reverend David 
( isgood, September 14, 1774,who remained 
until December 12, 1822, when he dieil, 
at tlu' age of seventy-five. 

In two months the town secured Rev- 
erend Andrew Bigelow, and he was set- 
tled July 0, 182:-.: but he found a divided 



ihurcli, and a new religious organization 
was ettected, as the Second Congrega- 
tional Trinitarian Church, taking up 7n(pre 
rigiil orthodox doctrine. 

It was then that the First Parish caii 
jiroperly be said to be established, as the 
primitive church was the town church; 
but on the thirty-first of March, 1824, 
ten male members effected the organiza- 
tion of the First Parish, with Reverend 
Jlr. ISigelow as pastor. He resigned .June 
9, 1827. The society settled Mr. Caleb 
Stetson, a graduate of Harvard College, 
who was ordained when he accepted the 
Medford pastorate. He continued until 
JIarch 24, 1848, when lie resigned. It was 
on April 2, 18o'.i, that a new building was 
voted; and it was dedicated December 4, 
I8;ii1, W'ith appropriate exercises. It was 
a wooden structure, and stood on the ex- 
act spot on which the present building 
stands. It cost, including everything, 
thirteen thousand seven hundred and 



67 



MEDFOlil), PAST AXl) PRESKXT 



ninety-sevendollars amlsixty-three cents. 
Mr. Stetson left, greatly to the regret 
of all, followed by Reverend John Pier- 
pont, who remained seven years, leaving 
because of his outspoken utterances 
against slavery and int^-mperance, many 
of his ijarish believing that these ques- 
tions should not be mixed with religion. 
Reverend Theodore Tibbets was duly 
installed in the spring of 1857. In Octo- 
ber, 18.i9, he resigned on account of ill 
health. 

In April, 1801, Edward C. Towne ac- 
cepted a call to preach, and he was the 
"war" pastor in more senses than one. 
His views were too radical and createil 
disagreement in the parish. He indulged 
in bitter personalities against old and re- 
spected parishioners, among them the 
late Reverend Charles Brooks, so that 
when he resigned, January 30, 1867, there 
were few regrets. 

On the twenty-first of December, 1808, 
Reverend Henry C. DeLong, the present 
pastor, was called to preach, and on the 
first Sunday in March, 1809, he entered 
upon his duties, and has since continued 
to serve the society to the lull satisfac- 
tion of his people. 

The history of the church building is 
that the first edifice was completed be- 
tween August 22, 1709, and March 11, 
1770. In 18M9 it was voted to have a new 
structure, as before stated, the old one 
being torn down. January l.o, 189:3, the 
second building was destroyed by fire, 
and on Friday, June 1, 1894, the present 
edifice was dedicated. The cost was about 
thirty-seven thousand dollars, with less 
than five thousand dollars debt on the 
property at the time of the dedication. 

The church is one of the prettiest in 
the city. The solid granite exterior with 
the clinging vine nearly encompassing 
it; the Gothic style of architecture with- 
in with the big exposed rafters; the soft, 
handsome terra-cotta tinted walls and 
ceiling; the large organ occupying nearly 
all the area in the rear of the preacher's 
platform; the easy pews of quartered 
oak and rich yet not flashy electric and 
gas chandeliers; the pretty stained win- 
dows, and especially the Coburn memo- 
rial windows, all are the same as when 
the edifice was impressively dedicated. 

FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 

In July of 1822, a local preacher of 
Charlestown, Reverend Josiah Brackett, 
came to Medford at the earnest solicita- 
tion of a number of the believers accord- 
ing to Wesley. He preached in the College 




FIRST UNIVERSALIST CHUUCH 

building on Ship street, and in what is The brick chapel became too small for 
now the Medford Inn. Weekly meetings the increasing congregation and the town 
were held each Sunday, with prayer and hall was rented. In 1844, the Conference 
class meetings during the week. sent Reverend George Pickering. Under 

When the society had forty that could bis first year's pastorate it was decided 
be accounted as church members, in 18'23, 
they hired Mead's Hall, on Main street, 
organized a Sunday school with twenty 
present at the first nieeting,which number 
increased rapidly. 

The society was duly incorporated by 
the Legislature in 1828. A chapel was 
erected on Cross street, and was supplied 
for three years by local preachers. The 
first regularly aiJiiointed pastor was Rev- 
erend Apollo Hale. The church was too 
weak to support a regular pastor, so that 
supplies became necessary from 1836 to 
1842, when, many of the members having 
moved away, the society so much weak- 
ened that public worship was discon- 
tinued for a time; but the organization 
was preserved. 

Ira T. Barker opened his house for serv- 
ices in 1842. The house soon proved too 
small, and so the old brick schoolhouse 
on Cross street, which had been deserted 
by the town, was rented fitted up and 
dedicated to the worship of God by Rev- 
erend Moses L. Scudder, of Charlestown, 
who often came out and preached to the 
Medford people. 




REVEREND CLAREXCi: L.EATON 



i 



MEDFOIU). I'Asr AND PRESENT 



to build a cluirch. Reverend George Frost 
was sent to be pastor, and Mr. Pickering 
was appointed solicitor of funds for the 
new building. He, with Job Clapp and 
Ira T. Barker, was appointed a conunit- 
tee to purchase land; and they bought 
the lot at the corner of Salem and ( »ak- 
huidstreets, where Music Hall nowstaiiils, 
for six hunilred dollars. In Augvistof that 
year, Messrs. Clapp, Barker, Stowe and 
Noah Hathaway were appointed a build- 
ing committee, and these men went at 
their work with a view single to success 
and economy. Much of the work was 
done voluntarily by ship carjicntcrs in 
the town. 



remained two years, as did nearly all the 
pastors. Then came Reverend S. C Ames. 

Reverend Henry M. Loud was tlie busi- 
ness pastor for two years, when Reverend 
David Sherman, D. I)., came. He was 
followed by Reverend Daniel Wait, who 
stayed three years. The society was be- 
coming i nil nential about this time, paying 
large sums for benevolence and church 
work. 

Reverend X. T. Whitaker came next. A 




REVEREND MAURICE A. LEVY 

The house was finished in December, 
1845, and dedicated on the nineteenth of 
that month, Bishop Jones officiating. 

Reverend J. Adams was appointed pas- 
tor, and remained one year, when he was 
followed by Reverend James Shepard. 

Reverend Thomas W. Tucker followed, 
remaining one year, and was in turn sup- 
plemented by Reverends WiUard Smith, 
A. D. Merrill, J. W. Perkins and Charles 
Noble, the latter's ministry being signal- 
ized by important changes in the church 
building, costing twenty-five hundred 
dollars. 

In 1855 came Reverend E. S. Best; Rev- 
erend William A. Branian was appointed 
in 1857. In 182!) Reverend A. F. Herrick 
was called to preach here, and he, too, 



18":^, by Bishop Gilbert Haven. The cost 
of the building was about forty-seven 
thousand dollars, and of the organ three 
thousand dollars more. Reverend Mr. 
Wagner proved the right minister for the 
time. 

Reverend T. Burton Smith came in 
April, 1875, and renuiincd three years, 
when Reverend T. C. Watkins came and 
signalized his first year by holding the 
semi-centennial of the church for a whole 




FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH 



jiarsonage was purchased for three thou- 
sand dollars. A new lot of land, where 
the church now stands on Salem street, 
nearer Washington Square, was bought 
for five thousand five hundred dollars, 
and land broken for a new edifice. 

In April, 1872, Reverend Frank J. Wag- 
ner became pastor, and started the new 
church idea with emphasis, laying the 
corner stone May 1, with appropriate 
exercises. 

The church was dedicated April 30, 



week, in which many prominent citizens, 
the father of the present governor being 
among the number, as well as Mrs. Mary 
A. Livermore, took part. 

Other pastors were Reverends Gilbert 
C. Osgood, James H. Fenn, Lyman D. 
Bragg, who raised the sum of twelve 
thousand dollars and cleared the mort- 
gage on the church, Edward F. Curnick, 
Fayette Nichols, Oliver W. Hutchinson, 
Alexander Dight and George S. Chad- 
bourne, D. D. In 1902 Reverend Frank T. 
Pomeroy came to the church. 



MEDFORD, PAST AND PRESENT 



Reverend Edgar C. Bridgham, the pres- 
ent minister of this church, preached his 
first sermon in the sanctuary, April IG, 
190.-,. 

FIRST INIVEBSALIST CHURCH 

On the tenth of March, 1831, twenty-five 
jiersons residing in this town by legal en- 
actment showed that they felt the need of 
forming a church organization which 
would more satisfactorily represent their 
religious faith. 

Justice Gushing issued a warrant tn 
Moses Merrill to call a meeting of the pe- 
titioners to assemble at KendalTs Hotel, 
on Tuesday, March 22, IS.'ll. Tlie gentle- 
men named in the petition met at the 
hotel named and were called to order by 
Mr. Gushing, and the "First Universal- 
ist society in Medford " was organized 
wliere Kendall's Hotel was located at 
what is now the Medford Inn. 

The new society met in a hall with 
Reverend Winslow Wrightas first pastor. 
In 18o2, the society erected and dedicated 
a small building on Forest street, on the 
site of the present edifice. The dedica- 
tion took place July 18, 1832. 

Mr. Wright resigned in April, 1835, and 
was succeeded by the Reverend Joseph 
Banfield, who was pastor three years, 
when Reverend Hosea Ballon, D.D., be- 
came pastor. Under Dr. Ballou's care 
and earnest work the society flourished 
finely. 

Under his ministration the church in 
18.50, was remodeled and enlarged to ac- 
commodate the growing society. 

In May, 1853, he was called to the presi- 
dency of the then new Tufts College, and 
accordingly, Reverend Dr. Ballon resigned 
in August greatly to the regret of the 
church. 

In February, 1854, Reverend G. V. 
JIaxham was called to be pastnr and was 
ordained in April.He remained fovir years. 

The pulpit was supplied for a year 
when Reverend C. B. Lombard became 
pastor. May 1, 1859, but he remained only 
twenty-one months to February 1, 1861. 

In November of that year. Reverend B. 
II. Davis was engaged to supply the pul- 
jiit until October, 1802, when he was set- 
tled as pastor. 

After Mr. Davis came Reverends T. J. 
Greenwood and Eben Francis as supplies, 
but it was two years before the society 
found a new pastor, in March, 1869, when 
Reverend R. P. Ambler came and re- 
mained four years. 

In May, 1874, Reverend J. T. Farns- 
worth became pastor, but he stayed only 



thirteen months, and for eleven months 
Dr. T. J. Sawyer and others supplied the 
pulpit. Reverend W. G. Haskell came 
next and remained two years, as did also 
Reverend D. L. R. Libby. The semi-cen- 
tennial anniversary of the church was ob- 
served October 6, 1881. 

Reverends Messrs. JIaxham, Eddy, and 
Francis were present and spoke. 

In the fall of 1882, Reverend Mr. Ambler 
came again to be pastor and remained 
four years to the great good of the church. 

In 1886, Reverend J. B. Reardon came 
as a sujiply. It was during this year that 
extensive alterations and improvements 
were made in the church proper. The 
building was raised ; the organ was moved 
from the balcony to the east end of the 
auditorium, new pews put in, and much 
interior work done to make it the neat and 
cosy edifice that it is to-day. There were 
exercises of re-dedication on February 1, 
1887. 

Professor Gharles 11. Leonard had 
charge of the pulpit until January, 1880, 
when Reverend Warren S. Woodbridge 
was asked to become pastor and he began 
services in April. 

The Reverend W. H. Dearborn followed 
Professor Woodbridge and stayed until 
October, 1898. 

In January, 1899, a call was made to 
Reverend Clarence L.Eaton who had grad- 
uated from Tufts Divinity School a year 
previcuis. He entered upon his work at 
i>nce; and on March 16, was ordained and 
installed with very pleasing ceremonies. 

FIRST BAPTIST CIIIRCII 

As long ago as 1818, the home of Miss 
Polly Blanchard, then on High street 
near the present Centre Grammar School, 
was the place where the few Baptist be- 
lievers assembled and held their first 
meetings. 

The band of workers lield their meet- 
ings with interest and regularity for 
twenty years, until, in 1840, Moses Par- 
sons, member of a Baptist church in 
Marshfield, with others, t<iok up the idea 
of having some definite church organi- 
zation. They hired the Town Hall, just 
repaired after a serious fire, paying two 
dollars a Sunday for its use, and secured 
Reverend Lucius M. BoUes, correspond- 
ing secretary of the Baptist Board of 
Foreign Missions, to preach, who began 
his work August 16, 1840. 

Young men from the Newton Theolog- 
ical Institute came to assist in starting 
the new church. 

(ieorge W. Bosworth was called to the 



pastorate of the new church and began 
his work August 1, 1841, gathering many 
into the church. September 8, the ordi- 
nation of the pastor and th'e recognition 
of the church were made special public 
services, the Second Congregational soci- 
ety giving the use of its church for the 
occasion. Reverend Baron Stowe, of Bos- 
ton, one of the eminent men in the de- 
nomination, preached the sermon to a 
large and interested audience. There was 
then a church membership of seventeen 
and a congregation of from one hundred 
and fifty to two hundred. 

The society became a prime factor in 
the town's affairs. Young people's meet- 
ings were started, and the church serv- 
ices were held in the fall and winter 
months of 1841 and 1842 in the Town 
Hall as begun. 

After the legal incorporation of the 
society in the spring of 1842, a building 
lot on Salem street, which is now the 
site of the stable next to the cemetery, 
was secured, a building committee ap- 
pointed, and work begun. 

The new church was completed and 
dedicated September 17, 1842, with ap- 
propriate exercises. Reverend Mr. Bos- 
worth remained with the church five 
years, when he was called to a larger 
field, greatly to the regret of the people 
who loved him most dearly. Reverend B. 
G. Grafton followed, serving nine months, 
when Reverend G. G. Danforth came, iu 
August, 1847, and remained about a year. 

For six months the church had sup- 
plies, and in February, 1849, Reverend 
Edward K. Fuller became pastor. 

In October, 1854, Reverend Thomas E. 
Keeley began work. About this time the 
success which had attended the church 
received a rebound in financial embar- 
rassment, and it was deemed wise to 
offer to any member who desired it, a 
letter of admission to any other Baptist 
church. Several left, but those remaining 
assumed the name of the Central Baptist 
Church, installing Reverend Mr. Keeley 
September 9, 1856, and re-electing the 
officers. Mr. Keeley served the church 
until July 3, 1857. 

In the spring of 1858, Reverend George 
M. Preston supplied the pulpit, and at 
tlie end of six months he received a 
unanimous call to become pastor. 

The coming of Mr. Preston and his 
grand work for ten years in very many 
ways, religiously, financially and socially, 
are matters of pride to the church and 
to the community at large. He won the 
love of everybody, and to-day, as an hon- 



MEDFOni), PAST A.\D I'llESEXT 



ored citizen of our tity, has the con- 
sciousness of being highly respected. 

During liis jiastorate, tlie name of the 
First Baptist Church was restored, the 
debt was removed, many converts made, 
and the whole religious organization of 
church, Sunday school and the auxiliary 
flourished. 

Jlr. Preston's great success made it 
imperative that the success should con- 
tinue, and, accordingly, another pastor 
must be secured at once. He came in 
the person of Reverend J. C. Ilurd, a 
fine speaker and good preacher; but he 
resigned in May, 1870, and the church 
was without a pastor until Jlay, 1S"1, 
when Reverend J. (i. Richardson cunie 
from Providence, Rhode Island. 

This was another most opijortune se- 
lection. He had the idea that the society 
should erect a new building, and went 
to work with all the earnestness possible 
to accomplish this result. A lot was pur- 
chased on Oakland street, on which the 
present church now stands. .lolm Brown 
was the contractor. Tlie corner stone 
was laid September 2, 1872. 

After six years Mr. Richardson re- 
signed his charge in May, 1S77, and was 
succeeded in December by the Reverend 
James Percival Abbott. 

The ordination and installation took 
place Decendjer 19, 1S77. The exercises 
were divided among the prominent 
clergymen of the denomination, the late 
Dr. Lorimer giving the charge to the 
churcli. 

t)n .July 10, 1878, the completed church 
was dedicated amid great rejoicing, the 
sermon being preached by the first pas- 
tor of the church. Reverend Dr. Bosworth. 
The total cost of the church property 
was over thirty-five thousand dollars, 
with a debt of ten thousand dollars on 
it, which was liquidated April 13, 1880, 
in the presence of many former pastors 
and friends. 

During .Mr. Abbotfs pastorate came 
many commemorative events. On October 
19, 189U, tlie Bible school celebrated its 
half-century of lite, and on September G 
and 7 of the following year, the church 
observed its semi-centennial with great 
unction. 

Mr. Abbott continued with the society 
twenty-one years, resigning in .January, 
1898. 

In September, 1898, the Reverend M. F. 
Johnson came as pastor. 

October, 1900, until June, 1901, Rev- 
erend Henry C. Graves, D.D., of West 
Somerville, began to supply the pulpit. 



( >n the first Sunday of June. 1901, the be- 
loved former pastor. Reverend George 
31. Preston, received into the fellowship 
of the church. Reverend JIaurice A. 
Levy and his esteemed wife. Mr. Levy 
had resigned the charge of the Baptist 
Church at Hingham, Massachusetts, hav- 
ing graduated previously from Newton 
Tlie(dogical Institute. 

Reverend Mr. Levy is still pastor, and in 
his pastorate, thus far, has demonstrated 
remarkable ability as a preacher, pastor, 
leader, courteous gentleman and hon- 
on'<l citizen. 

MYSTIC roNGUlOO ATIONAI. riirucii 

The second oldest religious body in 
Medtord is that of the Jlystic Congi-ega- 
tional Church, now situated on Salem 
street, a hundred and lifty feet from the 
Square. 




REVEREND OEORGE M. BUTLER 

Its history may be said to be that of two 
strong religious bodies, now cond)ined 
in one, both of which have been identified 
with the town and city's growtli. 

The parent church was the one of which 
the Unitarian was the original under the 
name of the First Congregational, and 
which set off from the more liberal wing, 
in 182o, because seventeen mendjers could 
not harmonize their theological views 
with that of Reverend Andrew Bigelow, 
the successor of Dr. Osgood. 

The secimd society was formed pri- 
marily June 2"2, lSS?i, in a hall near the 
first church, b.if it was not until October 



2, of that year, that the body had a 
substantial start. 

The first church building which these 
worshippers secured was erected on land 
purchased with money given by Honor- 
able William Gray, of Boston, on what 
is now Page & Curtin's store, and a tab- 
let on a tree marks the spot. It was dedi- 
cated September 1, 1824, Reverend Aaron 
Warner being installe<l as jiastor. 

Mr. Warner stayed eight years, when, 
on account of ill-health, he resigned. 

Reverend Gonlon Winslow was or- 
dained June 12, 18:33, but only remained 
seventeen months. 

Reverend Levi Pratt came next, in 
August, 183.J; but died August 9, 1837. 
Reverend A. R. Baker sui<eeiled to the 
pastorate, April 2.j, 18.38, and stayed ten 
years. 

For four years the church was supplied 
with preachers from wherever they could 
be had, until February 2.'), 18.j2, Reverend 
E. P. Marvin was installed iiastor. Dr. 
Marvin was a hard worker, and stirred 
up the religious sentiment in the com- 
munity for nearly fourteen years. In 18.53, 
and again seven years later, the church 
building was remodeled and refitted, and 
an <u'gan added; but September 9, 18()0, 
it was burned with its contents. 

A new building was erected further 
down High street, nearer the Square, and 
it was de<licated June 12, 1861. The name 
of the church had been changed June 2.5, 
18.">7, to tliat of the First Trinitarian 
Congregational Church of Medford. 

In January, 1805, Dr. Marvin resigned, 
but remained until November 8, when 
Reverend James T. JlcCollum, a far dif- 
ferent man than any of his predecessors, 
took charge of affairs. 

In nine years after Mr. McCollum's 
setllenient, he died, November 25, 1874, 
greatly lamented. 

The original Mystic Church had its 
establishment in the Town Hall, May 9, 

1847, and sixty members, two months 
later, were formally orgainzed by a large 
ecclesiastical council. The present church 
edifice was erected during the summer of 

1848, and dedicated February 14, 1849. 
Reverend Abner B. Warner, a nei)hew 

of the first pastor of the Second Church, 
was installe<l October 27, 1847, and had a 
successful ministry for five years. 

Reverend Jacob M. Manning was or- 
dained January 5, 18.54, and remained 
three years and one month, when he re- 
signed to be associate pastor at Old South 
Church, Boston. 

Reverend Elias Nason was tlie third 



MEDFdUh. I'AsT ASD PRESEXT 



pastor which the Mystic Church called. 
He was installed November 10, 1858, and 
remained two years. He was one of the 
most talented ministers the church has 
ever had, being a tine linguist, a butanist, 
a genealogist, a musician, and an orator 
of considerable merit. 

Keverend Edward Payson Hooker suc- 
ceeded Mr. Nason, being ordained Xovem- 
ber 13, 1861, and remained eight years 
and four months, resigning on account of 
his wife's health, to go farther from the 
sea coast. 

The next pastor was Reverend Si don 
Cobb, who came from the Presbyterian 
Church in Oswego, Xew York, Xoveniber 
3, 18(59. He remained five years, resigning 
May 12, 1874, greatly to the regret of all. 

About this time a union of the two < )r- 
thodox churches began to be agitated, 
and on August 20, 1884, the First Church 
voted an expression in favor of a union 
church, which was ratified by the Mystic 
Church at once. Reverend Mr. McCollum 
was giving fine satisfaction at the First 
Church, and the Mystic was without a 
pastor, so that Mr. McCollum was called 
to remain with the united church. 

It was decided to enlarge the Mystic 
Church building and to remove thither 
the original church. The entire expense 
of the improvements was over twenty 
thousand didlars. The new edifice was 
dedicated June 12, 1876. 

Reverend Mr. McCollum had died two 
months previously, and the church was 
without a pastor untilJune 30, 1875, when 
Reverend Charles H. Baldwin was in. 
stalled. February 1, 1881, he resigned to 
go to Amsterdam, Xew York, where he 
remained seventeen years. 

Reverend Theophilus P. Sawin was in- 
stalled November 16, 1881, and he, too, 
stayed five years like his predecessor. 

Then came Reverend James L. Hill, 
D.D., who remained seven years. 

Reverend John Barstow was installed 
January 2, 1895, and in five years was 
given a vacation of three months' dura- 
tion, on account of sickness. He resigned 
the following May. 

Reverend Elijah Horr, D.D., was called 
to supply the pulpit February, I'.IUO, and 
continued to do so until his sudden death, 
February 14, 1904. 

To-day the jiresent pastor is Reverend 
George Manley Butler, who was installed 
the third Sunday in September of 1904. 

GRACE EPISCOPAL CHURCH 

It was as late as 1847 that any thought 
or agitation looking to a representative 



of the established church of England 
should be installed in Medford. In No- 
vcTuber of that year there were sufficient 
people to make a decided effort in favor 
of a new church, and on December 11 
the new parish took xiermanent fcu'ni by 
a vote that a church should be formed. 

Christmas Eve was selected for the 
time of holding the service, and Rev- 
erend Dr. Alexander H. Vinton, rector 
of St. Paul's Church, Boston, preached 
at the initial service in the Congrega- 
tional Church on High street, which was 
kindly offered for the auspicious occa- 
sion. 




UKVEUliNU V. I. PARADl.-^i: 

The regular services of the new church 
were held in the hall over the centre 
railway station, supplies coming from 
the diocese as requested. 

February 1."), of the next year, the 
legal organization of the church was 
made, under the name of Grace Church, 
and on May 7, a code of by-laws was 
adopted and the parish organization com- 
pleted. Reverend David Green Haskins, of 
Koxbury, was designated to be rector. 

The church continued to meet in the 
hall where the society was formed until 
the eleventh of May, 1860, when a new 
church building was handed over to the 
parish. The building will be remembered 
by many now living as the little church 
situated on High street, nearly opposite 
the present CenterGrammar Schoolbuild- 
ing. The land cost one thousand two 
hundred dollars, the edifice two thou- 



saiiil six hundred and eighty dollars 
more. It was decidedly simple as the 
present building is undeniably beautiful 
and impressive. J. E. Billings, an arch- 
itect of no mean ability, designed exactly 
what the occasion of those fifty and more 
years ago required for the small con- 
gregation intending to worship therein. 

The rector, Reverend Mr. Haskins, 
took deep interest in the new church 
and labored with great power for its 
upbuilding for four years. Mr. Haskins 
died in Cambridge May 11, 1896. The 
rectorship fell to Reverend Justin Field, 
who became rector in September, 1852, 
and remained until December, 1859. 

For a year or more, or until January, 
1861, there was no rector. The Reverend 
George A. Strong came from being 
Bishop Lee's assistant in Delaware, and 
had Medford for his first full charge. 

It was in the war time, and Mr. Strong, 
as were all the Medford pastors, was a 
rigorous supporter of the Northern cause. 
Phillips Brooks was a classmate of Mr. 
Strong in Alexandria seminary, Virginia, 
and visited the Grace Church, when Mr. 
Strong jjreached what Bisliop Brooks 
called, "a blood thirsty sermon," the 
utterances being courageously radical. 

Mr. Strong was succeeded by Reverend 
Charles Henry Learoyd, September, 1803, 
who was a most active clergyman for 
nine years, during which time a new 
church building was started, the corner 
stone being laid September 17, 1867, with 
an address by the illustrious Reverend 
Henry C. Potter, D.D., afterwards bishop. 

The society took possession of the new 
church on Advent Sunday, in 1868, the 
undertaking of providing funds for the 
church having been assumed by the 
family of the late Gorhani Brooks, Esq., 
who was a most respected and wealthy 
citizen. 

September 15, 1872, Keverend C. L. 
Hutchins was appointed rector. 

In 1873, the parish was favored by the 
presentation to it of a rectory situated 
at 185 High street, nearly opposite the 
church. It was built by Dudley C. Hall's 
order, and presented by him to the 
parish. 

On the sixtli ot Jlay, 1873, the church 
was presented to tlie parish by Peter C. 
and Shepherd Brooks, and duly conse- 
crated by Right Reverend Henry A. 
Nealy, bishoij of Maine. 

In September, 1873, a chime of nine 
bells attuned to the scale of G, with tenor 
of one thousand three hundred and 
eighty-three pounds, cast by Blake Bros. 



MJSDFOHI), PAST AND PRE.SENT 



Company, who were remote successors 
to I'aul Revere, was placed in the tower. 
The tenor or largest bell was provided 
by and is still owned by the city, de- 
signed for service as a fire alarm bell, 
though not used for that purpose. 

Each bell has upon it the date of cast- 
ing and an appropriate quotation from 
the Scripture. The chimes cost two thou- 
sand six hundred dcdlars. 

On the eleventh of June, 1SS2, the cor- 
ner stone of a Parish house was laid, and 
on October 22, the handsome stone build- 
ing, in keeping with the beautiful church 
edifice, was occupied for the first time. 
It contains besides the chapel for the 
Sunday school, a choice library, vestry 
rotjm, and a room for social gatherings. 
This building was constructed by S. C. 
Earl at a cost of seven thcuisand six 
hundred and sixty-eight dollars, which 
included the furnishings. In 1883, Ri'v- 
erend John B. Richmond became assist- 
ant minister, remaining about seven 
years. 

Un April 15, 1890, the Reverend Sir. 
llutchins resigned, greatly to the regret 
of the church which he had so faithfully 
served, and in July was succeeded by 
Reverend Arthur 15. Jloorhouse, who 
came from Chelsea, having previously 
officiated in Xew York and Washington 
parishes. 

For nine years Mr. Jloorhouse labored 
at Grace Church, beloved by all, and re- 
signed Sejitemljer 1, 1897, on account of 
ill health. He died at Pittstield, in May, 
1902. 

The parish was without a settled rec- 
tor until April 20, 1898, Reverend Frank 
I. Paradise, the present pastor, came. 
He had been dean of Christ Church 
Cathedral, New Orleans, although Bos- 
ton born. He was graduated at Yale in 
1888, and jireached in St. I'eter's Church, 
Milford, Connecticut, three years, going 
to St. Luke's, East Greenwich, Rhode Is- 
land, for seven months, and thence to the 
deanship in New Orleans, where he re- 
mained four years. 

Soon after Jlr. Paradise came here, the 
fiftieth anniversary of the church was 
celebrated. 

The beautiful edifice in whicn the 
Episcopalians worship is about as it was 
when finished and consecrated according 
to the usuages of the church. It attracts 
attention of all passers-by for its elegance 
and solidity. The materials are of cobble 
or field stone, with trimmings of finished 
granite. It is of the Gothic style of archi- 
tecture, and was the last church built by 



the renowned cathedral and church gave the beautiful flagon, paten, chalice 

architect, Henry II. Richards<m, of Bos- and almsbasin; Miss Edna J. Jlanning 

ton. It has a sharply defined roof, pointed the cruets and smaller clialice, and Miss 

windows, and a tower ninety feet high, Virginia Lee the pyx. 

surmounted by an iron cross. The roof The hangings of the altar, dnrsal, and 



is of slate, with metal cresting. The in- 
terior finish is open wcu-k of brown. 

The altar furniture is rich and elegant, 
being of brass and black walnut. The 
Bil)le.was the gift of Mary G. Hutchins, 
1872. Suspended from the root of the 



ante-pendium for pulpit consists of dra- 
pery, with emblems in varied needlework 
wrought in white, red, green and violet. 
The pews, thirty-seven in number, are 
of quartered oak. The church is without 
doubt the wealthiest in property in itself 



chancel is a crown chandelier, the gift as well as of the people in this city, 
of the Sunday school in 1877. It is of 
polislied brass, with twenty-four burners, 
and was exhibited at the Centennial ex- 
position in 1870. 

The tiled sanctuary contains a bishop's 
chair, a chair for clergy, and is separated 



CONGREGATIOXAL CHUBCIl, WEST 
MICDFORD 

The corner stone of the beautiful Con- 
gi'egational Church at West Medford 
was laid May 29, 1904, with imi>ressive 
■eremony, the Reverend Burt Leon Yorke 



from the choir by a heavy brass railing, preaching the sennon. Reverend Edward 
The choir seats are of black walnut, and C. Hood, a former jiastor, offered the 
there are chairs and low desks for tiie prayer, and the sermon was preached by 
rector. The pulpit, in the north side of Reverend Edward C. Moore, of Harvaril 
the chancel, is of black walnut, octagonal University. 

in shape, with buttressed sides and deep This beautiful structure at the corner 
Gothic panels. The lectern of polished of High and AUston streets, a location of 
brass and fine design is a menmrial. convenieiu-e, adjacent to the parsonage 

The organ occupies a position in the and a fitting neighbor to the Brooks 
south side of the chancel, and is of the School, stands as a menmrial to the late 
Hook & Hastings make. The singing is Deacon Henry L. Barnes, fulfilling his 
by a vested choir of girls and boys all fond desire as "an edifice worthy of the 
surpliced in white and black. lot" which he gave and made possible 

The alcove, where formerly stood the by a large legacy which he bequeathed, 
organ, has been changed into a baptistery, together with the monetary gifts during 
and contains a font, the gift of Reverend his lifetime. 

Mr. Hutchins, on one side of which is The first church had been dedicated at 
a tablet inscribed to the memory of the corner of Harvard avenue and Itowers 
Margaret (iordon Hutchins. The font street about thirty-two years ago. 
stands on a slab of Kibbe stone; the base The nuiin entrance of the church of to- 
is of Tennessee marble, and from it rises day is of granolithic flooring, has deep 
five shafts, the central one being of Med- tower windows, and leads to two vesti- 
fordgranite taken from old Pasture Hill, bules. Massive doors open into the 
Four other shafts are of French red mar- auditorium, which accommodates five 
ble, surmounted by capitals of artistically hundred. Ten clerestories give light, and 
wrought wreaths of lilies of the valley, easily operated ventilating ajiparatus is 
Tlie octagonal bowl is of Knoxville l)ink provided. Tlie large High street window 
marble. Cherub heads are sculptured on and six double windowsalso furnish light, 
four sides, and on the fifth the words: Rich red velvet carpeting upon floor and 
••One Lord, one faith, one baptism." platform is from the firm of Pray & Son, 

There are, besides the windows, tablet laid by direction of II. S. L. Cullington, 
memorials to Miss Mary E. King, who ,,f this place. The quartered oak pews, 
gave her services for more than twenty- semi-circularly arranged, front the pulpit, 
five years to tlie ciuirch as organist, and conveniently high, and the platform seats 
who died August 12, 1877; one to the a dozen. 

memory of Mrs. Gorham Brooks; one to The pulpitdesk, of solid quartered oak, 
Mrs. Helen Adams Elliot; a window to bears upon the front beautiful carving, 
Mrs. Ellen Shepherd Brooks, wife of embodying the lines of the large front 
Gorham Brooks, erected by her sons window, and is in nu-mory of Benjamin 
Peter Chanlon aiul Shepherd Brooks; a C.Leonard, a gift from his sister, Mrs. 
brass cross and vases on the altar and Charles H. Parker. Mrs. B. C. Leonard 
retable from Mrs. Dudley C. Hall. gave the large Bilile which is the Amer- 

The communion service is a very ele- ican revised version. 
gant and costly one. Mrs. Dudley Hall The bell, recastfroni the old ime, weighs 



MEDFOIW, PAST AXD rUESEyT 




ri)XGREi;ATIOXAL CHCRCH. WEST MEDFORI) 



alone twenty-two hundred pounds; with 
accessories, thirty-eight hundred iiounds. 
It is inscribed "We went through fin 
and through water, but Thou broughtost 
us out into a wealthy place." '■<> cnnii 
let us worship and how down; Ictusknerl 
before Jehovah our Maker." 

The first pastor, Reverend Marshall JI. 
Cutter, served until 1882. 

Reverend Edward C.Hood was installed 
September 13, 1882, and served seven 
years, being succeeded by Reverend Her- 
bert Warner Stebbins, who came in Oc- 
tober, 1889. The next pastor was Rever- 
end Judson Van Clancy, who accepted a 
call January 19, 189(5, coming from Union 
Congregational Church of Weymouth. It 
was during his pastorate that the first 
edifice burned early March 4, 1900, at an 
estimated loss of twenty thousand dol- 
lars On the preceding Sunday commun- 
ion service was held. The church bell, 
upon which was a fire tapper, sounded 




REVEREND BURT LEON YORKE 



the alarm of the disastrous conflagration. 
Ilnlton Hall was utilized f(U' services. 
Iteverend Mr. Clancy resigned October 18, 
I'.iOo, to accept a call to St. Lawrence 
t'hurch, of Portland, Maine. Reverend 
Hurt Leon Yorke, Jl. A., was called from 
Bridgeport, Connecticut, and April 12, 
19o.",, was installed as the pasttu-. 

Tliis is but a brief outline of the church 
Hi-owth, step by step, ever onward. Pas- 
tors and people have worked together, 
'rnnpnrary adversities have only been 
as purifying portions leading to greater 
things, spiritually and socially. 

riaXITY METHODIST EPISCOPAL CIIIKCH 

The Methodists of West Medford began 
in the early sixties to form what has 
since become one of the most influential 
religious organizations in this city. 

There were a good many of the Meth- 
odistic persuasion living in this section 
of the then town, who went to adjoining 
places for Sunday worship; but this did 



74 



MEDFORD, PAST A.XD PKESEyT 



not answer all the requirements of the 
soul's needs to many, and so a faithful 
little band of workers conceived the idea 
of holding weekly class meetings, which 
is a peculiarly Methodist idea an<l one of 
the primary tixtures of the denomination. 
There were several Jlethodists who were 
nu-nibers of the first M. E. Church at 
Medtord centre, and these, with others, 
met at the home of a Mrs. Hawley, 27 
Prescott street, in ISlio, and held class 
meetings. 

Contemporaneous with these gather- 
ings came the organization of the Mystic 
Hall Sunday school, the Methodist con- 
tingent being a prominent factor in the 
new body. 

In 180", Sunday services began, and 
the society was called the West Medford 
Christian Union. Reverend M. B. Chap- 
man, a young Methodist minister, sup- 
plied the pulpit until April, 1870, when 
Reverend Louis E. Charpiot, a former 
Congregational preacher, and a temiier- 
ance woi'ker with Reverend James M. 
Usher, became preacher for eighteen 
months. Reverend W. E. Huntington, now 
president of Boston University, preached 
for the society for a while, followed by 
Reverend Cliarles Lord, Congregational- 
ist, who has since become noted in the 
Orthodox denominati(m. 

This pastorate closed the W. M. C. 
Union, for in October, 1871, Reverend 
Nicholas T. Whitaker, who was preaching 
at the First M. E. Church, organized 
Trinity M. E. Church at the home of N. 
D. Ripley, on Lincoln street. 

Reverend Mr. Whitaker conducted the 
service, and apjiointed William McLean 
class leader, who inaugurated class meet- 
ings at the homes of the several members, 
weekly. 

March 18, 1S71, in response to public 
notice, a special meeting was held at M. 
W. Maim" s house, then at S.J Sharon street, 
to consider the advisability of regularly 
organizing a Methodist Eiiiscopal church. 
After considerable conference, a petition 
was made to the presiding elder of the 
Lynn district, signed by ten members in 
regular standing in the denomination, 
seven being members of the First M. E. 
Church in this city. 

For want of an available place of meet- 
ing, the new society struggled along for 
a year, when, on June "20, 187o, a reorgan- 
ization was made, and seven members 
expressed theirdetermination to continue 
the organization made the previous year. 

Presiding Elder Sherman placed Rev- 
erend Francis J. Wagner, then preaching 



at the First M. E. Church, in charge of 
the new society. 

On July 4, 1873, the building committee 
met on the land on Bowers and Holton 
streets and marked out tlie location fora 
new churcli. Subsequently, plans submit- 
ted by Moses W. Mann wire adopted, and 
Mr. Mann was commissicmed to build thr 
edilice. Work was i>ushed rapidly, anil iti 
four months the building was dedicated 
to the service of God, and on the Sunday 
following the society took the name <'f 
tlie Trinity M. E. Church of Medford, the 
membership then being fourteen, with a 
church pmperty of nine thousand dollars, 
on which tlu're was a debt of four thou- 
sand seven hundred dollars. Reverend S. 
S. Curry was the preacher as supply, ami 
a Sunday school was organized the same 
day. 

The society had ministers who have 
since become famous in the denomina- 
tion. There have been Reverends L. L. II. 
Hamilton, E. C. Ilerdman, John F. Brant, 
William Full, Jarvis A. Ames, George M. 
Smiley, Cliarles W. Wilder, Frederick X. 
Upham, William J. Ilamlileton, William 
J. Pomfret and William M. Cassidy. 

During Jlr. Upham's pastorate the 
fifteenth anniversary was taken notice 
of with appro jjriate services. While Mr. 
Cassidy was here the church building 
was sold and moved away, and a new edi- 
fice started, the corner-stone being laid 
July 2:!, 189ij, at six o'clock. 

The new church was dedicated March 
11, 1897, at 2.1.') p.m., with great ceremony. 

On June 19 and 20, 1898, came the 








REVEREND SYLVESTER S. KLYXE 

twenty-fifth anniversary. Mr. Cassidy re- 
mained with the church four years, which 
is longer than any minister has preached 
for this society, and Arthur William L. 
Xelson became pastor. At this anniver- 
sary. Reverend N. T. Whitaker, D.D., 
preached the sermon on the nineteenth, 
morning, and Reverend D. R. Thorndike, 
I). D., presiding elder, preached in the 
evening. 

On the twentieth, a reunion of former 
friends and former pastors took place. 




TIUN'ITV METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 



ilKUFOlU), PAST ASD I'UESKyT 



followed by a banquet at which pastors 
o£ MeUl'oril cluuxhcs took pai't. 

Following Jlr. Nelson's pastorate came 
Reverends Arthur Bonner and Georuc A. 
Cooke. Reverend Sylvester S. Klyne was 
the next pastor. 

Its present house of worship is a great 
credit to the society. The auditorium has 
lifty-seven pews, but the facility of add- 
ing to the accommodating space is met 
by raising of a pretty partition opening 
into a large vestry, which also has sliding 
liartitious to make even more room. But 
the beauty of the church is the addition 
of the many memorial windows which 
are installed. Xo churcdi in this city has 
so many of tliis nature, and none are more 
beautiful. 

The church, as one sees it to-day, is 
prosperous and harmonious. Mr. Jlann 
and his fanuly are still connected with it, 
doing good work and greatly interested. 
Nelson Taylor is another old-time worker 
and has an active Bible class. There are 
many young men in the society who are 
grand workers, and the ladies are greatly 
interested in the church's success, as 
shown by their earnestness in everything 
given them to do. 




UNION CONGUEUATIONAL CHURl U 



The church interior, with its terra cotta 
tint and oak pews and tinish, is pretty, 
and has the appearance of great activity. 
The organ, the generous gift of Elisha 




REVBREXD JOHN WILD 



Pierce, is a sjieaking memorial to this 
departed benefactor. 

I'NION COX(iRF.(iATIONATj CHURCH 

The Union Congregational Church, 
worshiping on Marion street, had its be- 
ginning in the chapel on Broadway, just 
over the line in Somerville, at the corner 
of Alfred street. On the twenty-ninth of 
October, 1887, the Union Congregational 
Church can be said to have made aformal 
beginning as a religious body. Twenty- 
eight were received by letter and twenty- 
two by confession of faith. November 7, 
1887, the articles of faith and covenant 
were adopted by the church. 

December 1, a C(Uincil was held in the 
chapel to recognize the new church. 

The church continued to grow with 
such prosjierity that on February 24 of 
the following year, it was decided to buy 
a lot of land on Marion street, in this ci ty, 
upon which to build a church. 

The prudential committee was made 
a building committee, and on April 20, 
the romnuttee reported plans for a church, 
thirty feet by fifty feet, and work was 
commenced. 

Reverend F. J. Kelly had been active 
in the formation of the church, and on 
July 17, 1888, he was called to become 
pastor. 

On the sixteenth of .Inly, Mr. Kelly re- 
signed, greatly to the regret of the new 
society, and on October 27, Reverend C. 
C. Bruce came to preach for these people. 



76 



MKDFOUD, I'AtiT AMD FJIESENT 



November 3, 1880, he was chosen pastor 
for six months. 

In June, 1800, Reverend Mr. Bruce was 
re-elected pastor. The society had moved 
into the brick building at the corner of 
Main and Harvard streets, now occupied 
by E. B. Thorndike & Son as a printing 
iitiice, and had taken quite a start. 

On May 20, ISOl, Mr. Bruce resigned and 
Augustl4of that year. Reverend Benjamin 
A. Dean came to preach. 

August 189.5, Reverend Mr. Dean re- 
signed as pastor and was succeeded by 
Reverend Isaac Pierson, December 6, ISO."), 
who occupied thy pastorate on the twen- 
tieth of the same month. 

October 13, 1003, Mr. Pierson felt called 
upcjn to resign to go to another Held. He 
did great work and left a strong society. 

The pulpit was supplied by several min- 
isters for a season, until May 1, of last 
year, when Reverend John Wild, then lo- 
cated at Hanover, accepted a call and has 
since continued to the evident satisfac- 
tion of the whole people of the church. 

ST. JOSEPH'S KOMAX CATHOLIC CHURCH 

Until 1S40, there were no public serv- 
ices of the Roman Catholic sect held in 
this city. People were obliged to go to 
East Cambridge in order to attend church, 
and there being no means of cimveyance, 
to walk was their only way in whicli to 

g"- 
This long distance means of getting to 




SAINT JOSEPH'S ROMAN TATHOLIC CHURCH 



to administer to the religious needs of ^^en the Reverend Thomas (Reason was 
these people. j,l,,,.p,l j.^ ^^^^^^^ ^j ^,,^ p.,j.j^j,_ 

The attendants were made up of pec.ple In April, 1877, that part of Medford in 
service ended in 1840, however, when a from the several towns around Medford. wliich the edifice was located was ceded 
number of earnest Catholics hired the Services were held for a time once a to Maiden, after several unsuccessful pre- 
Town Hall and Reverend Manassch P. month and congregations were quite vious attempts in previous years to bring 
Doherty, a priest from Cambridge, came large. Those who felt the need of special ab<'\it this result, and on March 24, 1878, 

ministrations in the way of confession, the Catholics of Medford wishing to have 

comfort and counsel were heard in the a cluirch home of their own, purchased 

old Wade dwelling house then located on the edifice belonging to the Second Con- 
High street, nearly opposite Bradleeroad. gregational Church, on High street, and 
In IS.");"), Reverend John Ryan took on Easter of that year it was dedicated 
charge of the church and gave it an im- to the service of the Roman Catholic re- 
petus that was earnestly desired. 

He set about to build a church, and lo- 
cated it on the easterly part of the town 

in order to accommodate not only the became pastor and died as such 
Medford people, but those from Maiden, serving two years. 
Everett, and Arlington as well, there be- 
ing no churches anywhere in these places 
or vicinity. The first service was held in 
the new church in IS.")."). 

Father Ryan was succeeded by Rev- 




ligion and the first service held therein. 
In 1883, the church became a separate 
parish and Reverend Richard Donnelly 

after 



The church was fortunate in having 
appointed to it Reverend Michael (Jilli- 
gan, who was over this church for four- 
teen years, in which he did great service 
for the Catholics by building a new edifice 



UEVEREND THOMAS L. FLANAGAN" 



erend Thomas Scully, who was a war and parish house and increasing the 

rhaplain, and who since leaving Medford number of attendants very considerably, 

wcm additi<inal renown in the temperance In March, 1000, death took him, greatly 

work which he did in his long pastorate to the regret of all the citizens, Protes- 

in Cambridgeport. tant as well as Cathidic. 

Fathers McShane and Carroll came as Uisliop William II. O'Connell was a 

successors to Father Scully until 1808, curate at this church and was greatly 



MEDFORD. PAST AXl) PHESEXT 



esteemed. ( )n Mareh 18, 1000, Reverend 
Thonias L. Flanagan, the present pastor, 
came from Stoneham to succeed Father 
Gilligan. He was then forty-nine years of 
age, born in Boston, educated at Holy 
Cross College, at Worcester, took a course 
in theology in St. Joseph's seminary in 
Troy, Xew Toi-k, and was ordained priest 
there at Christmas, 1879. 

He was at Hingham for a short time, 
and was at Chelsea, Cambridge, St. Jo- 
seph's church. Chambers street, Boston, 
where he served as an assistant for thir- 
teen years; and in 1894, was appointed to 
Stoneham, as before stated. 

Reverend Patrick T. Higgins, one of 
the assistants at St. .Josepli's Church, is 
one of the most genial and popular young 
curates that was ever connected with this 
parish. He has been here ten years so 
far and in that time has endeared him- 
self to all who l\ave been fortunate 
enough to liave his friendship and ac- 
quaintance. 

Reverend John Harrington is the otlier 
assistant and in his one and a half years 
here has proved himself to be an able 
helijer to his associates. 

The number who can be reckoned on as 
being regular attendants is not far from 
nine hundred adults and four hundred 
young people. 

BETHANY METHODIST EPISCOPAL 
CHURCH 

The little chapel at Wellington with its 
band of earnest and faithful workers was 
dedicated in 1888, the Reverend J. W. 
Wood becoming the first pastor, and 
shortly after was fcillowed by Reverend 
Cliarles W. Blackett (1889-90). Frank J. 
Wheat and A. E.Winter labored arduously 
at the head of the church in the year 
1891. In 1891-92, Benjamin P. White was 
pastor. On graduating from the Univer- 
sity, he went west, and Joseph E. Water- 
liouse became his successor In 1892-93. 
Cliarles S. Xutter followed in 1893-94; 
1894-95, C. A. Boweu officiated, and in 
189.5-96, Francis L. Strickland was pastor. 
Willard J. Shattuck, Thomas J. Elliot, 
Oscar Ford, Donald H. Gerrish, and T. R. 
Stinson followed in succession. 

The church lias been served by student 
pastors from the beginning, and lias been 
very successful in obtaininggood and effi- 
cient workers. 

At first, the Osgood schoolhouse was 
utilized for their religious services. John 
A. Rolfe was the prime mover in the proj- 
ect of building the present church. J. V. 
Thompson, Jacob Emerson and Edward 
Tyacke, as committee, obtained the lease 



to the lot on Fourth street, on which the 
church now stands, for five years, with the 
privilege of buying at the expiration of 
that time. 

The relations in the church are most 
pleasant and the outlook for the future is 
most promising. Reverend C. Frederick 
Anderson is the present pastor. 




KEVEREXD THEODORE A. FISCHER 



HILLSIDE rXIVERSALIST CIIlItCH 

The Universalist denomination has 
every reason to be congratulated on hav- 
ing as one of its branches the Hillside 
Church in this city. 

Besides its pli'asantsurroundings, there 
is the added inspiration of being under 
the shadow of Tufts College, the denomi- 
national institution which has made and 
is making Universalist ministers in large 
numbers. 

The officers and faculty have been 
deeply interested in this church, Professor 
George Jlilford Harmon, A.M., D.D., be- 
ing a spimsor for its success from the very 
first, and helping the church as few were 
able to. 

At the instance of Professor George II. 
Harmon and a number of others, a meet- 
ing was held at the home of Mr. and Mrs. 
G. H. Folger, on Capen street, this city, 
on the evening of December 14, 189.j, of 
those interested in the erection of a 
church at the Hillside, to consider the 
subject and take such action as they 
might deem necessary. 

At a later meeting it was decided to 
purchase, if possible, the lot of land on 
Boston avenue, on which the present 
church now stands, and a committee was 
appointed to s<dicit subscriptions from 
every available family in the neighbor- 
hood for the purpose of raising the funds 




HILLSIDE UNIVERSALIST CHURCH 



MEDFUUD, VAST AS U I'UK.sKyT 




HILLSIDE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 



for that object. Rooms were hired in a 
(hvelling house at No. 312 Boston avenue 
(next on the west to the present church), 
and weekly Sabbath services were inaugu- 
rated on January 2t), 1800, and continued 
in that place till October 30, 1806, when 
the meetings were held at the next housi' 
on the east side of the church, Xo. 3'Jl' 
Boston avenue. 

Tlie first meeting to incorporatea parisli 
was held April 14, 1890, and the second 
meeting, to complete tlie organizatimi. 
April 28, 1800, at which the "Hillsid. 
Universalist Parisli of Jledford" elected 
officers. 

The title to the lot of land on wliicli 
the present church edifice stands was 
acquired August 1, 1800, and steps werr 
taken to procure plans for a buildini;. 
resulting in its erection tlie folluwinu 
suninier of 1897. 

The dedication service was held in tin- 
vestry November 14, 1897, and was graced 
by the presence of Dr. Sawyer, Dean of 
Tufts College, then in his ninety-fifth 
year, President E. H. Capen of Tufts Col- 
lege, Professor!;. M. Harmon, Reverends 
C. A. Skinner, Clarence Eaton, and many 
others. 

Early in 1897 the Reverend B. F. Eat..ii 
was called as pastor, and as such com- 



mcii 
year 
A 
Apri 
supe 



'd his duties April 9 of the same 



BP 




and flourished, and has been (.f material 

help in church work. 

Sunday sclioi>l was organized in February 6, 1899, the parish unani- 

1, 189(1, with S. T. Kirk as its first niously called the Reverend Theodore A. 

rintciiilent, and it has since grown Fischer, then at AVarren, Massachusetts, 

as pastor, and he was Installed on June 
19 following; and thus commenced what 
has been to date a very successful pastor- 
ate, with many good results. 

These things, with other efforts of the 
pastor, resulted in a meeting on April 11, 
1900, in the vestry, at which a Universal- 
ist Church was formed, consisting of 
thirty-five members, eleven of whom came 
by letter, and on Easter Sunday follow- 
ing they received the fellowship of the 
Tniversalist Church, and the Holy Com- 
munion was partaken of for the first time. 

The church has continued to flourish, 
and most reasonably so. harmony, energy 
and deep interest being the thoughts n]>- 
permost in the minds and desires of the 
|ii'ople banded together as tlie Hillside 
I'niversalist Church. 

November 20, 1901, Jlr. Kirk resigned 
;is clerk, and Henry A. Peakes was elected 
to the double position of cli-rk and 
Ireasurer, January 2(), 1902. 

The society has many adjuncts, one 
lieing a Men's Club. The Y. P. C. U. is 
another important function, and has a 
REVEREND HOMER B. POTTER junior branch also very active. 




79 



MEDFOnn, PAST AXD PRESENT 



The ladies" .social part is cared for by 
the band of Willing Workers, whith not 
only does real good heart and handwork 
among the needy, but which gets up a 
parish supper on the fourth Tuesday of 
each month, and any who choose may 
attend, sure of a cordial welcome and a 
royal good time. 

The pretty, light-timbered ceiling and 
walls, the tasty-looking organ at the right 
of the pulpit platform, the handsome 
stained glass windows, one of which is a 
memorial to Tristram Talbot, who took 
a great interest in the church and was an 
honored veteran and citizen; the easy- 
sitting pews, the large audience of one 
hundred and fifty-two, all combine to 
make a visitor feel at home. 

HILI..SIDE METHODIST CHURCH 

In the year 180.5 union open-air meet- 
ings were held at the Hillside, and the 
question of a church organization was 
agitated. The sentiment was strongly in 
favorof a Methodist Church. At a meeting 
held June 10, 1896, with the Reverend 
Mr. Dight in the chair, it was voted to 
secure the services of Reverend L. W. 
Wood, a theological student of Boston 
University, as a permanent supply; and 
July 31, of the same year, it was voted 
to purchase a lot of land for a church. 

The committee previously appointed 
to consider the ju-opriety of organizing a 
Methodist church reported favorably, 
and August 17, 1806, the church was (jr- 
ganized by Keverend J. < ). Knowles, D.D., 
presiding elder, and the disciplinary offi- 
cers were chosen. During the winter of 
1895 and spring of 1896, meetings were 
held in private houses in various parts 
of the Hillside. Subsecjuently a house on 
Dearborn street belonging to Messrs. 
Leavitt and Woodworth, was secured, 
where services were held till May 14, 
moo. L. W. Wood supplied the charge 
from August 17, 1896, to June, 1897; F. 
L. Buzzell from September, 1897, to 
April 1, 1898; Edward W. Strecker, April, 

1898, to April, 1899; E. O. Grimes, April, 

1899, to August, 1899, when it was placed 
under the care of A. AV. L. H'els<m, pas- 
tor of Trinity Church, West Medford. 
Under his administration plans for a 
chapel were matured, and Winthrop 
street, corner of Dearborn, was selected 
as the site. 

The style of the church is Gothic, and 
while the plans for the entire structure 
have been drawn, only the chapel has 
been built. The church proper will be 
built later. 



The upper floor of the chapel contains 
a large room which will seat about two 
hundred persons, and a class room con- 
nected by closing doors. Four series of 
stained glass windows admit light, and 
are handsome additions to this home- 
like room. Large folding doors will con- 
nect this part of the chajjel when the 
latter is built. 

The building was dedicated May 13, 
1900, during the pastorate of Arthur 
Bonner, who served from April, 1900, to 
April, 1902. He was succeeded by George 
A. Cooke from April, 1902, to April, 
1904. Reverend Willard I. Kern came in 
April, 1904. 

The official board is composed of J. W. 
Gilbert, C. W. Enright, II. II. Melo,,n, 
Thomas Kadcliffe, Chester H. Smitli, W. 
E. Owens, D. W. Mansfield, Charles 
Adams, Charles A. Stewart, and C. C. 
Meloon. Reverend Homer B. Potter is 
the present pastor. 

WEST MEDFOKD BAPTIST CHURCH 

The next church in regular chroxiologi- 
cal order to have presentation in these 
sketches is that of the West ilcdford 
Baptist Church. 

About the middle of 189.5, Reverend 
James P. Abbott, then pastor of the First 
Church, urged the members of his church 
living westerly to form another body. He 
saw the promise of a tine church organi- 
zation, and being desirous to see the 
denomination extend its usefulness, en- 
couraged a niovcjnent which, on October 
20, 189.5, took ijermanent form by the 
coming together of a large number of 
people in Mystic Hall. There had been 
numerous talks in various homes previ- 
ous to this time, those at E. E. Stevens', 
Lewis H. Lovering's and George E. 
Crosby's being the most pnmiinent. 

The Mystic Hall meetings were held 
afternoons, with increasing numbers, 
until January 1, 1896, when Mr. Abbott's 
duties increased to such an extent tliat 
he was obliged to relinquish charge of 
the new society, and a person was found 
in Reverend A. A. Cambridge, after sev- 
eral other ministers had supplied the desk 
for a long time. 

On January 20, IS'lCi, the first steps 
were taken towards organization, and 
March .5, Mr. Cambridge received a call, 
coming in May. On May 9, 1890, a com- 
mittee of Ave was appointed to procure a 
lot of land, and what was known as the 
Spaulding lot, at the corner of Boston 
and Harvard avenues, was purchased. It 
was also decided to build a parsonage on 



the lot fronting on Boston avenue, adja- 
cent to the church lot. July 9, a finance 
committee was appointed to raise funds, 
and a building committee chosen to make 
a contract, which they did, with Lewis 
H. Lovering as builder. 

On the sixteenth of July a council was 
held for the purpose of recognizing the 
organization of the First Baptist Church 
in West Medford. Nineteen churches re- 
ported through their delegates, and the 
new church was recognized in due form. 

The new building was started with the 
dedication of the corner-stone, November 
24, at two o'clock a.m., with appropriate 
ceremonies. Reverend Dr. Howe, of Cam- 
bridge making an addiess, followed by 
Deacon O. M. Wentworth, of Boston. 

Tlie cost of the church, including land, 
organ, furnishings, etc., was twenty-one 
thousand five hundred and seven dollars 
and seventy-nine cents, with subscrip- 
tions amounting to eight thousand seven 
hundred and fifteen dollars. Several per- 
sons made individual contributions, such 
as windows, carpets, mats, furniture, 
mantels and the like, adding greatly to 
the value of the entire holdings of the 
society. 

The building was first occupied on 
Easter Sunday, April 18, 1897. Reverend 
Mr. Cambridge preached an Easter ser- 
mon in the morning, and in the evening 
gave an address. 

On Wednesday aftei'noon the formal 
dedication took place. At 5.30 came a 
bancjiu't, at which Reverend George C. 
Lorimer, Mayor Lovering and other dig- 
nitaries made addresses. One hundred per- 
sons enjoyed a most delightful occasion. 

March 5, 1899, Reverend Mr. Cambridge 
resigned, andhis resignation wasaccepted. 

November 24, 1899, the church called 
Reverend T. O. Harlow, of Somerset, to 
be past(ir. 

January 6, 1901, Reverend Mr. Harlow 
resigned, to take effect March 1, but twelve 
days later the society appointed a puli^it 
supply ccmimittee, and in another week 
the committee reported in favor of hear- 
ing N. R. Wood, of Newton, as a candi- 
date. On the twenty-ninth he was chosen 
pastor, and read his letter of acceptance 
the following Sunday. 

Thursday, April 2.5, a council was held 
in the church for th(! purpose of taking 
part in the ordination of Nathan Robinson 
Wood, and of confirming the action of 
the society in calling him to be pastor. 

The examination proved entirely satis- 
factory, and the council recommended 



MEDFORD, PAST AND PliESENT 




WEST MEDPOKD BAPTIST CHURCH AND PARSONAGE 



that Mr. Wnml be accepted. In the even- 
ing, Reverenil Nathan E. Wood, president 
"f the Newton Theological Institute, 
preached the sermon, and other clergymen 
prominent in the Baptist denomination 
had a part. 

There have been three pastors, three 
clerks, and tliree superintendents in the 
Sunday school, and all will agree that the 
last of each tliree has always proved to 
be the best. 

The society in March, 1003, assumed 
the ownership of the i)arsonage, relieving 
the gentlemen who carried the responsi- 
bility personally for a long time. 

The building still remains about tlie 
same as when comijleted. The pretty in- 
t<'rior, finislied in antique oak, and the 
many attractive windows present a most 
welcome appearance. The organ, located 
high above the puljiit, gives forth fine 
tones, and the desk furnishings are all 
that can be desired for them. 

The pews are arranged in a serai-circle 
form, and accommodate, with those in 
the balcony, somewhere about three 
hundred and fifty persons. 



The Stevens' memorial window is on 
the riglit of the pulpit, while opi)Osite is 
a quadrujile window with two sections, a 
memorial to Mrs. Augusta K. Cro.sby. 

In the front is alarge window, a portion 
of which is commemorative of Horace A. 
lirecd ami Susan ISrecd. 

SOUTH MEDFOKI) BAPTIST CIIIKCII 

The work which eventually led to the 
organization of this church was inaugu- 
rated by George F. Sibley, of the Spring 
Ilill Baptist Church, Somerville. 

Mr. Sibley began work in September, 
1894, by holding cottage prayer meetings. 
The first meeting was held in the house 
of S. II. Hosmer. 

A meeting of those interested in the 
work was called, and at this meeting it 
was decided to organize a Sunday scliool. 
William Smith offered the use of a lower 
tenement free of charge for this iiurpose. 

Reverend W. J. Day preached a short 
sermon each Lord's day for eight or nine 
weeks. The preaching service was dis- 
continued and a Sunday evening service 

started. The good work was carried on cesses, and finally William Smith offered 
amidst varying discouragements and sue- to give a lot of land .j-txTO feet, provided 




REVEREND NATHAN R. WOOD 



81 



MEDFOnn, PAST AXD PHESEJVT 



a buikling should be erected on the same 
within one year. 

The offer was aceepted, and the corner 
stone was laid on Tuesday, December 15, 
18!U), with appropriate exercises. Among 
those present were Reverend J. D. Fulton, 
D.D., Reverend J. R. Gow, Reverend W. 
J. Day, W. W. Main, Reverend O. A. 
Coats, Reverend J. 1". Abbott, and Rev- 
erend Isaac Peirson. An original poem 
was written for the occasion by Stephen 
Moore, president of the Massachusetts 
Baptist Sunday School Association. 

In April, 1897, George F. Sibley, who 
had stood by the work until this time, 
gave it up on account of failing health, 
and the Reverend W. W. Wakeman, of 
Hampton Falls, New Ilanipshirc, came on 
the held to take charge. 

Mr. Sibley, on retiring from tlic woik, 
carried with him the good will and 
prayers of every member of the school. 
For two years among many discourage- 
ments he stuck to his post, and was the 
mainstay and lite of the new enterprise. 

A preliminary meeting for the purpose 
of considering the propriety of organiz- 
ing a Baptist churcli in this jiartof South 
Mcdford was held May 14, 1807. Reverend 
W. H. Eaton, secretary of the Massa- 
chusetts Baptist Missionary Society, was 
present and took active part in this 
meeting. 

On Friday, .June 18, 1897, at 8 ii.m., a 
meeting was held for the i)urposc of or- 
ganizing a Bajitist church. E. H. Carey 
was elected chairman pro tem, and J. II. 
Kline secretary pro tem. Twenty-six per- 
sons presented letters of dismission from 
their various churches to unite with this 
new church. 

After the adoption of articles of faitli 
and church covenant, it was moved and 
voted to allow nine persons who pre- 
sented themselves for baptism at this 
time to vote with those presenting letters 
and to regard them as charter member.s. 
J. II. Kline was chosen church clerk; A. 
H. Chapman and A. S. Price were chosen 
as financial committee. W. W. Wakeman, 
A. II. Chajmian and T. W. Carey were 
chosen as a committee to prepare a code 
of rules to present for the consideration 
of tlie church. Adjourned till July 9 to 
complete the organization. Meeting was 
held as above on July 9, when the or- 
ganization was completed. 

Thursday, September 10, 1897, was the 
day set apart for tlie dedication of the 
new edifice, and also for the recognition 
of the church. 




SOUTH MEDFOHl) BAPTIST CllLUCH 




REVEREND W. W. IIACKETT 

The services for dedication of tlie 
building were held at 3 p.m. The sermon 
was preached by Reverend W. J. Day, of 
the Winter Hill church. 

The prayer of dedication was liy Rev- 
erend A. A. Cambridge, pastor of the 
church in West Medford. The sermon 



was preached by Reverend E. D. Burr, 
D.D., pastor of Ruggles Street Church, 
Boston. 

Jlr. Wakeman remained as pastor of 
the cliurch until January ol, 1900. 

Reverend W. W. Ilackett, of the Fells 
Cluuvli, Jlelrose, was called as successor 
lo Jlr. Wakeman and accei>ted, commenc- 
ing his pastorate May 1, 1900. 

Conversions and baptisms have been 
frequent during the present pastorate. 
Congregations are uniformally good, and 
the people in this section are attentive 
hearers. The church is composed of the 
working classes; they are a self-sacrific- 
ing people, and give largely of their 
means to siii:iport the work. Harmony 
jirevails between jiastor and peoi)le, and 
the wish expressed by many is that the 
present relations may remain unchanged 
for many years to come. 

Mr. Hackett is a native of Scotland, 
an<l received his education there. He 
came to America twenty-two years ago. 
A year ago the honorary degree of Doctor 
of Divinity was conferred upon him. He 
has enjoyed his jiastorate in Medford, 
loves the place and the people, and is 
Interested in everything that is for the 
best interests of our city. 

SHILOH BAPTIST CUUKCH 

The little band of colored people re- 
siding in West Medford established on 



MEDFORD, PAST AJSl) PHEHENT 



May 4, ISOS, Sliiloh Clnu'cli, of Baptist 
pi'i'suasiou. 

The lueetiugs began with house prayer 
conferences, and then an unoccupied 
house on Lincoln street was rented and 
the assistance of Reverend Samuel G-rice, 
of Boston, was evoked. 

In 1809, the society called Reverend 
Wilson Fitchett, of Wobuni, to be pas- 
tor, and he came March of that year. 
The society decided to erect a church, 
buying land at the corner of Lincoln 
street and Fairfield avenue. The corner 
stone was laid Xovember 11, 1899. East- 
ern Star Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Maiden, 
and Plymouth Rock Lodge, of Boston, 
had delegations present to assist in the 
laying of the stone. 

December 10, 1899, the church was duly 
dedicated. Reverend J. R. Randolph, of 
Mahlen, made the iuvooation. Reverend 
Trueman <). Harlow, pastor of the West 
Jlcdford Baptist Church, read the Scrip- 
lures and offered prayer, and the choir 
of the Woburn Colored Baptist Church 
sang several selections. Reverend A. W. 
Adams, of Boston, preached the sermon. 
Reverend Jesse Hairell, of the Union 
Baptist Church, Cambridge, made the 
dedicatory prayer. Reverend W. H. Eaton, 
D.D., secretary of the Massachusetts 
Baptist State Convention, gave the chargi' 
to the pastor and people. 

Each Sunday Reverend Mr. Fitchett 
came from Woburn to preach to these 
people. 

The building is fifty feet long by thirty 
wide, one story and a half high; has 
three windows on either side, besides 
others at the end. 

There is a small organ at the right cor- 
ner of the puljiit i^latform, and a modest 
desk for the pi-eacher. The heating is by 
a large stove stationed in the centre of 
the auditorium, and the lighting is by 
kerosene lamps jirojected on either side 
of the walls and at the ends. 

The entrance to the church is by a 
long flight of steps from Lincoln street 
side, with a good-sized, well-lighted vesti- 




BETHANY METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH 




REVEREND CHARLES F. ANDERSUN 



liule opening into the interior. There is 
a belfry, but as yet no bell has been 
placed therein. 

At the present time, the Reverend K. 
^. Hatton is the pastor. i 

ST. KAPIIAEI,"s I'AUISII 

The Roman Catholics of WestMedford 
have had several years a Sabbath school 
and held other services at Holton Hall. 
They are now a distinct parish known as 
St. Raphael's. Contract is already a warded 
for the erection of a new edifice on High 
street. The Reverend Nathaniel .T. Jlerritt 
is the present rector. 

SWEDISU LUTIIKKAN MISSION 

The Swedish Lutheran Mission, of 
Medford and Somerville, hold services 
every Sunday afternoon in Soderlund 
Uall, Tufts Square. There are classes both 
in English and Swedish in the Sunday 
school. Reverend G. Sigfried Swenson, 
of Woburn, is in charge. 



83 



The Medford Hi^orical Society 



By Geokge S. Delano 



ON April 22, 1896, fifty-four persons 
assembled in Simjison's Tavern 
for the purpose of organizing an 
Historical Society in Medford. 

Will C. Eddy called the meeting to order 
at 8.10 p.m. William Gushing Walt was 
chosen temporary chairman, and Will C. 
Eddy temporary secretary. 

May 8, 1896, the first election took 
place as follows: — President, William 
C'ushing Wait; vice presidents. Will C. 
Eddy, Lorin L. Dame, Mrs. L. G. DeLong, 
Miss Helen T. Wild; recording secretary, 
Allston P. Joyce; corresponding secre- 
tary. Miss Eliza M. Gill; treasurer, 
Charles H. Loomis ; librarian and curator. 
Miss M. E. Sargent. 

At this meeting it was voted to at once 
take stejjs to incorporate the Society. 

May '27, 1896: — Voted that the presi- 
dent, with Miss Eliza M. Gill and Charles 
H. Loomis be a committee to arrange 
for permanent quarters. 

The June 23 meeting was held in the 
vestry of the First Unitarian Church, 
thus taking the Society's work from the 
social and commercial surroundings of 
the historical Seccomb home and Simp- 
son's Tavern to the spiritual atmosphere 
of the church which had so long been a 
vital factor in Medford's life. On Novem- 
ber 18, 1896, the Society held its first 
meeting in the place made so memoi'able 
as the home of Lydia Maria Child, where, 
through the years down to this date, it 
has met regularly, and, as the results of 
its work prove, has been industrious and 
faitliful in the work it was chartered to 
cari'y on. At its regular meeting on March 
17, 1902, the society voted to buy the 
estate it occupied, and thus the histori- 
cal home at the corner of Ashland and 
Salem streets became the permanent 
quarters of this organization which seeks 
to foster and perpetuate a love for and 
an abiding interest in all things making 
for Medford's uplifting. 

This Society owes not a little of its 
ability to perform its work to President 
William Cushing Wait, who started it 



on safely progressive lines. To Jolin II. 
Hooper it owes much for his careful and 
thorough work as president. In fact, 
from its tirstmeeting, those taking official 
responsibility in this organization have 
been loyal to its interests. 

Following the motive prompting its 
formation, this Society has collected and 
preserved a library of about one thousand 
bound volumes, together with many 
manuscripts and pamphlets. It has also 
accumulated a rare store fif historical 
articles covering a wide range both in 
time and personnel. All of these are in 
its rooms, and form a collection in which 
is much for enjoyment and education. 

In an active educational way this So- 
ciety has done much for the community 
through its monthly addressesand weekly 
cliats, in which a wide range of subjects 
has been entered upon by some of our 
brightest and most scholarly minds. 

The folic iwing list of heads under which 
the Society conducts its work gives a 
comprehensive idea of how much this 
organization implies in Medford's life. 
The complete list of its present officers is 
given to show how the anatomy of the 
Society permeates Medford's higher life 
and stands for perpetuation of those 
principles which animated the forefathers 
who made Medford. 

President: David H. Brown. 

Vice-presidents : Rosewell B. Lawrence, 
Judge William Cushing Wait, Charles 
H. Loomis, Charles H. Morss. 

Treasurer: Benjamin F. Fenton. 

Recording Secretary : Herbert A. Weitz_ 

Corresponding Secretary : (;et)rge S. T. 
Fuller. 

Librarian and Curator: Miss Agnes W. 
Lincoln. 

Committee on Publications: Miss Helen 
T. Wild, chairman; David H. Brown, 
Henry M. Begien, George S. T. Fuller, 
Herbert A. Weitz, Moses W. Mann. 

Membership Committee: Percy W. 
Richardson, chairman; Rosewell B. Law- 
rence, John H. Hooper, Mrs. Ellen M. 
Gill, Calvin H. Clark, Edward W. Teele, 



Miss Jennie M. Dinsmore, Miss Lily B. 
Atherton, Walter F. Cushing, Clifton 
Loring, J. L. Brockway, Mortimer E. 

ilber. 

Papers and Addresses : David II. Brown, 
chairman; Walter H. Cashing, Charles 
H. Morss, John H. Hooper, W illiani Cush- 
ing Wait, Miss Agnes W. Lincoln. 

Historic Sites: Moses W. Mann, chair- 
man; L. J. Manning, Francis A. Wait, 
Miss Ella L. Burbank, John F. Libby, 
Frederick H. Kidder, Hall Gleason. 

Genealogy: George S. Delano, chair- 
man; Miss Ella S. llinkley. Miss Eliza M. 
Gill, Reverend C. L. Eaton, Miss Hetty 
F. Wait, Charles H. Barnes, Mrs. Emma 
N. Cleaves. 

Hei-aldry: F. H. C. Woolley, chairman; 
W. A. Thompson, Mrs. J. W. Dalrymple, 
Charles B. Dunham, Orrin E. Hodsdon. 

Library and Collections: Miss Agnes 
W. Lincoln, chairman; George S. Delano, 
Judge William Cushing Wait, Miss M. E. 
Sargent, Miss Ella A. Leightcm, Miss 
Katharine H. Stone, Abijah Thompson, 
Benjamin F. Fenton, Henry Brooks. 

This Society was the original moving 
spirit in the celebration of Medford's two 
hundred and seventy-fifth anniversary, 
as is shown by the files of the Mercury, 
in whose columns one of its officers 
called public attention to the approach- 
ing event. Yet this Society recognizes 
in that act only a living up to the motive 
which suggested its having a place in 
our community. 

The present membership of the Society 
is large ; its financial standing is sound, 
and, given the popular support which 
Medford always has accorded its own, it 
will continue many years to be a vital 
factor in our educational life. 

Medft>rd's people may well look kindly 
upon its Historical Society, which, as 
known to the world, is one of the most 
important associations in kindred lines 
in the country. So highly is its collec- 
tions of historical data and objects re- 
garded that its rooms are visited annually 
by students from Harvard College and 
frequently by scholars from abroad. 



84 



Social Clubs of Medford 




The Medford Club 

lU' A ('HAUTIUI All'^MBKR 

IX till- full of ISin, Janu'S L. Blaokmar, 
tliiMi jin'sidcnt of the Cycle Club, iu- 
vilcd about twenty residents of Me<l- 
ford to meet him to talk <iver the 
advisability of formins; a social club, sim- 
ilar ti> those already existing in our vicin- 
ity. The town government had given way 
to the new city, so many thought that 
such a scheme would be "ujj to date,"' 



MEDFOKD CLUB HOUSE 

aheli)to tlie city and an enjoyment to its 
members. 

A few enthusiasts declared it feasible; 
many thouglit it would be a n(m success; 
out-siders offered caustic remarks, wanted 
to know whether " two tigers would be 
kept," one emblematic of Tammany and 
the other of Canlicld. 

The proposed Club was thoroughly 
discussed, especially in the cars, perhaps 
more so than in the committee room. 
The organizers heard nothing, but went 
ahead with their jdans. 

A sufficient number having declared 



their willingness not only to join, but to 
give llicir linancial support, a charterwas 
applied for, which on May 6, 1892, was 
granted to Messrs. JohnD. Street, George 
W. Greene, James L. Blackmar, William 
1!. Lawrence, John W. Rockwell, William 
C. Craig, JosiahE. Teel, Herman L. Buss, 
their associates and successors. 

The charter members of the Club met 
in a room in the (Ipera House building 
and organized as follows: Executive com- 
mittee: president, John T>. Street; vice 
presidents, General S. C. Lawrence, J. 
Henry Norcross, James Bean ; secretary, 



MEDFOIil). PAST A.\!) I'ltESEyT 



James L. Blackmar; treasurer, CTeorge \V. 
Greene; directors, ,Inlm D. Street, J. 
Henry Norcross, James L. Blackmar, 
Walter L. Hall, M.D., John W. Rockwell, 
Herman L. Buss, General S. C. Lawrence, 
James Bean, George W. Green, William 
B. Lawrence, William C. Craig, Josiah 
R. Teel. 

While the undertaking was not at all 
arduous, it contained just enough busi- 
ness detail to keep the officers quite busy. 
It was the privilege of each member to 
subinit his ideas, as to the clubhouse 
membership, and the way it should be 
run, yet there was no unnecessary fric- 
tion; nothing but a growing enthusiasm. 
While they enjoyed no clubhouse facil- 
ities, every member willingly paid fine 
year's assessments towards defraying the 
necessary initial expenses. 

A committee on clubhouse site or loca- 
tion, consisting of J. Henry Norcross, 
Walter L. Hall, JI. D., and William B. 
Lawrence were aijpointed. After a thor- 
ough examination, the large lot on the 
summit of Prospect Park was recom- 
mended and adopted by the Club. 

A building committee consisting of 
Walter L. Hall, M. D., J. R. Teel, Oliver 
White, W. B. Lawrence, W. A. Thomp- 
son and W. P. Martin undertook to visit 
the different clubhouses, consult archi- 
tects and bring in plans of a building sat- 
isfactory to tlie members, harmonious tu 
its surroundings, and within the cost of 
what the Club could atford. In due time 
the Club decided to accept the plans of 
Loring & Phipps. 

The question now was, how to raise 
money. So a finance committee consist- 
ing of J. Henry Norcross, F. E. Chandler, 
William B. Lawrence, Oran Brown, Oliver 
Hammond, L. W. Putfer, E. F. Allen and 
Benjamin F. Leimard was appointed. 
These gentlemen dectided ( m a plan which 
proved successful. 

The membership list was still growing. 
While it was the plan to have a member- 
ship of at least two hundred, yet gentle- 
men were not admitted indiscriminately. 
It made no difference what the social 
jiosition of the applicant was, — he might 
be a clerk or a banker, — what was abso- 
lutely necessary was that he and his 
family should, in a reasonable way, be 
acceptable to other Club members. When 
the house was about ready for its interior 
decoration and furnishings, the member- 
ship list was full. So the task of provid- 
ing suitable furnishings was delegated a 
committee consisting of I). II. liradlec, 



W. A. Thcimpscin and William Leavens. 

The ladies requested the privilege of 
furnishing their own parlor, which was 
cheerfully granted; they appointed their 
committee and paid their own bills, 
amounting to about six hundred dollars. 
The formal opening of the clubhouse 
took place on Monday, June 12, and con- 
sistedof a receptiouand musicaol,fllowed 
by dancing and supper, and was a de- 
cided success in every way. Not only the 
social side was cultivated, but a series of 
very interesting smoke talks was inaugu- 
rated. Of c<nirse, tournaments in bowl- 
ing, billards, pool and cards were always 
in order. The Club was fairly launched. 
The mejnbers liad done their full duty; 
the committees not only had labored 
faitlifully on the work assigned to them, 
but in no case did a single committee ex- 
ceed its appropriation, — a record of which 
the Club, as a whole, might be very 
proud. 

At the ladies' reception of March 12, 
1894, the Club was honored by the jires- 
ence of Frederick T. Greenlialge, Gov- 
ernor of JIassachusetts, and staff. Great 
preparations were made for this event, 
which passed off without a hitch. The 
Governor expressed himself, both ver- 
bally and later in writing, as well pleased 
with the cordial reception given to liim 
by a portion of the residents of Medfi.rd. 
It is well to remember here that this \v;is 
the lirst and only visit officially paid by 
tlie Governor of the State since Governor 
Brooks was the Executive of the Com- 
monwealth. 

Looking backwards nearly fourteen 
years of the Club's existence, we find that 
the membershii) rtdl contains names of 
many, and we might say nearly all, wlio 
who liave been identified with the Town 
and City of Medford. 

Antagonistic to no sect or party, it has 
been the desire of its officers to conduct 
its affairs in a business-like and non-par- 
tisan way. It has never used its inlluence 
in pcditics, city, state or nation; it has 
been purely a social club, conducted on 
high moral grounds. It was organized as 
a place where the wives and daughters 
of the members could meet and enjoy a 
social hour. To the presence of the ladies, 
their earnest co-oi)cration and good 
wishes we may safely ascribe a large 
measure of success. 

The organizers were also under sincere 
obligations to the representatives of the 
press; while it is their business to collect 
news, yet in any such undertaking there 



are many things wliich "money cannot 
buy." 

To the stranger coming to the City of 
Medford, no better panorama can l)e 
shown than from the clubhouse piazza. 
The beautiful valley bathed in the sun- 
light, is only excelled at the time when 
the moon is full and tlie tide high. Enter 
Hs doors and as warm a welcimie will 
await you as can be found in any clulj. 
Its membership will compare favorably 
in manly standing with any similar or- 
ganization. It has certainly been in the 
past the center of sociability; its futui-c 
will certainly be as good, if not better. 

Its present officers are: President, I. < >. 
Wright; vice presidents. Honorable Wni. 
C. Wait, Walter D. Hall, M. D., Evcntl 
W. Stone; secretary, James L. Blackmar; 
treasurer, H.C.Jackson, junior; directors, 
Corliss Wadleigh, L. W. Drake, J. II. 
Wheeler, Honorable W. C. Wait, Everett 
W.Stone, H. C. Jackson, junior, R. A. 
Drake, D. C. Melville, I. (). Wright, 
W. I). n;ill, -M. D., James L. IJhi.kiiuii-. 

The Neighborhood Club 



I!v W. F. i\TAcv 

THE Neighborhood Chib, of West 
Medford, was organized in 1902, 
through the efforts of Messrs. 
AVilliani F. Macy and Thomas C. 
Ilovey, who foreseeing a need for some 
organization of a x'urely social character 
in the community, called a meeting of a 
few of the representative citizens in that 
part of the city, and proposed the pur- 
chase of the Bacouestate, at the junction 
of Allston, Woburn and Brooks streets, 
wliich was then in the market, and the 
formation of a family club, to which 
women and children should be admitted 
as members on the same basis as men. 

The idea met with favor at once, and 
the money was soon subscribed to pur- 
chase the estate, whicli comprised a large 
dwelling house of ab<uit fourteen rooms, 
stable and about an acre of land, and 
to make t lie necessary rcp:i irs and changes 
to the buildings to adapt them to club 
uses. 

In three months from the date of the 
first meeting, the Club was organized, 
starting off with a membershii^ of over 
one hundred, and the limit of tme hun- 
dred and fifty was soon reached. Since 
then the membership limit has been 
twice raised, first to twohundi'cd, then I o 



MEDFORD, PAST A.\D PRESENT 



two hunilriMl aiifl fifty, and the present 
membership is well up to the latter tiu'ure. 

The clubhouse was furiiislied simply, 
but in good taste, by private subscrip- 
tion, and in lfl04, a new building was 
erected on the rear of the lot, at a cost 
of about five thousand dollars, notes of 
the Club being issued to members who 
subscribed the necessary amount in sums 
ranging from five dollars to one hundred 
dollars. The lU'W building containsa hall 
seating about three hundred jieople, with 
a very fine stage, excellent dancing flocir, 
dressing roojus, etc. 

By vote of the members of the (dd 
Medford Comedy Club, all its assets, 
consisting <if some cash in the treasury, 
scenery and properties wei-e turned over 
to the Neighbiirhood Club, which com- 
prises in its mcmbershiplist most of those 
who belonged to the Comedy Club. 

The Neighborhood Club offers many 
attractions to its members. There are 
pool and billiard tables, a reading room 
where all the best magazines and period- 
icals are on file, card rooms, a smoking 
room for the men, a tennis court, and the 
many entertainments, concerts, lectures, 
dances and plays in the new hall. 

Special entertainments and parties are 
provided tor the y<uinger members at 
frequent intervals, and the family club 
idea is very popular, young and old join- 
ing in the good times with equal zest and 
enjoynu'nt. 

The Club is famous fur its dramatic 
performances, which rank very high. Two 
public playsare given eachscason to sub- 
scribers, beside several snuiUer produc- 
tions for members and their friends. 

The Club dues are very low, ranging 
from five dcdlars forwonu'U and children 
to a maximum of twenty-five dollars for 
a family, per annum. 

The Club is incorporated under the 
laws of JIassachusetts, and except forthe 
notes given to secure subscriptions for 
the new hall, is practically free f n mi debt, 
with a large and increasing membership. 

The principal ofUcers at present are: 

Willard Dalryiujile, president; George 
H. Ftdger, treasurer; Henry P. Stanwood, 
financial secretary; and Mrs. Arthur T. 
Hatch, corresponding secretary. 

The Neighborhood Club's only excuse 
for existence is to have a good tinui and 
in that it has been eminently successful. 

The Medford Women's Club 

Bv A Member 

IF it is assumed by the writer that the 
Medford Women's Club has every 
reason to feel proud as an organization 
of itself, let no one lay it to egotism, 
for every member feels a sense of personal 
pride in the Club and ar(^ jiroud to say it 



exists here in Jledtord. The reasons for 
this degree of lofty self respect being so 
manifested is borne out by the excellent 
reputation which the Club has, not only 
in our beautiful, ancient and historic city, 
but among the other clubs in the state 
federation of Women's clubs and among 
other social organizations hereabouts. 
Let it be hoped that the fair name it now 
holds may always be vouchsafed to it. 

The Club was organized in 1892, aiul 
for fourteen years it has furnished enter- 
tainment in the way of the study and 
discussion of many questions, the pres- 
entation of subjects dramatic, social, lit- 
erar.y, scientifii', useful and helpful, until 
the fame of the Club has beccune br<iad- 
cast. The members, now numbering over 
two hundred and twenty-five, are divided 
among the homes of Medford, — homes 
that have excellent reputation for being 
jiresided over by noble women and true 
home makers. The title of club does not 
take with it neglect of u\aternal duties or 
the plunging into matters political or 
otherwise, or of no concern to woman's 
elevation aud best advancement. 

By reason of the caution in the selec- 
tion of the members, the list is never ex- 
ceeded in numbers, and the limit of two 
hundred and fifty always kejit a few less. 

After the Club had been organized i\ve 
years, it was deenu'd advisable ti> be made 
a legal iucoriKiration and, accordingly, 
on the third of May, 18'.IT, Ruth (Jibson, 
Alii'C C. Ayres, Edith Sise, Katherine M. 
Crockett, Edith W. Wait, Clara E.Langell, 
Mary H. Hayes, Netta H. Perry, Helen C. 
Dearborn, Caroline R. Nottage, Mary E. 
Kingsley, Annie I. Hersey, Jane M. Mar- 
tin, Fanny E. Bemis, Katherine H. Stone, 
Mary L. Capenand Caroline Turner, their 
associates and successors, were legally 
f>rganized, and established as, and were 
ma<le, an existing corporation umler the 
name of the Medford Women's Club with 
the powers, rights and jM-ivileges, and 
subject to the limitations, duties, and re- 
strictions which by law appertain thereto. 

The members felt the dignity of this in- 
corporation and are only waiting for the 
time when they can have even greater 
"powers, rights and privileges," legal 
and otherwise, such as holding valuable 
property. Until then we are content to 
serve the public in the interesting and 
forceful manner which we are doing with 
each returning season. 

I wish there was time and space to 
give to a recapitulation of what the work 
of the Club has been, so that future his- 
torians might accord to us the credit of 



having contributed a small portion, at 
least, to Medtord's well-being. We have 
had papers on current themes galore, 
music, ditto; plays not a few, in which 
we have been our own "leading man" 
and "villain"; while education and art 
has been turned off the social reel very 
much as a trout fisher lets go his line to 
pull it in again bearing a beautiful speci- 
men as a reward for his skill and his love 
of sport. 

And we have n't finislied f urnisliing 
our friends — the dear jiublic of Med- 
ford — with the good things, literary and 
otherwise; for our calendar of 1004-0.5 
season is to have a splendid supplement 
in the list of 100.5-06, as the ijublic will 
find ovit very soon. 

Our organization at present is: Presi- 
dent, Mrs. Lilias Folger; vice-presidents, 
Mrs.Clara E. Langell, Mrs. Isabel A. Dame 
and Mrs. Alice R. Morrison; recording 
secretary, Mrs. Ellen R. Hayes; corre- 
sponding secretary. Miss Elizabeth Brad- 
ford; treasurer, Mrs. Helen M. Lauriat; 
custodian, Mrs. Alice M. Williams; audi- 
tors. Miss Louise G. DeLong, Mrs. Lil- 
lian B. Chadbourne; directors, Mrs. Eliza- 
beth H. Bullard, Mrs. Annie E. Jackson, 
Mrs. Clara O. Yorke; chairmen of com- 
mittees for 100.5-0(5: arts. Miss KateM. 
Buss; dramatic, Jfrs. Laura E. Leighton; 
literature. Miss Candine E. Swift; music, 
Mrs. Elizabeth H. Bullard; parliamen- 
tary drill, Mrs. Clara E. Langell; science, 
Mrs. Lillian B. Chadbourne; travel, Miss 
.Josephine E. Wilcox; press correspond- 
ent, Mrs. May E. Vialle. 

And now my story is told. Although it 
has been circumscribed for the reason 
that it must not be long, it will serve as 
a reminder that when the two hundred 
and seventy-fifth anniversary of Medford 
was observed, among the instituticuis 
that were happy and proud to be num- 
bered among the many was the Medford 
Women's Club. Continued prosperity to 
our dear, cdd and beloved city! 

The Medford Boat Club 



THE first meeting looking to the 
formation of the Medford Boat 
Club was held in 1808, with about 
twenty members present. Charles 
S. Baxter was chosen President, and 
steps were taken at once to perfect the 
organization. A corporation was formed 
under the laws of Massachusetts, and 
plans drawn for a clubhouse. At that 
time the only site available was the one 
on which our first clubhouse was built. 



87 



MEDFOniJ, PAST AXn mE.SENT 



The house accomiuodaU'd thirty-six ca- 
noes, and was finished in the spring of 
1899. It was seen before the end of the 
year that the house was entirely too 
small, so rajiid and phenomenal had 
been the growtli of the Club, and wlien 
the upper Mystic Lake was given ujias a 
regular drinking water sujiply and lield 
merely as a reserve basin, permission 
was requested and granted to remodel 
the old Gate House. Work was rushed 
on this, and in the second year of our ex- 
istence we had these two buildings in 
use, accommodating seventy canoes. Still 
the Club continued to grow until we 
could no longer i)rovi<le racks for the 
new members, and in 1004 it was voted 
to remodel and enlarge the old house into 
a spacious and nuidern boat clubhouse. 
This building was completed early in 
the year, giving accommodations in the 
new house and the annex for one liuii- 
dred and thirty-six canoes. 

The first and second buildings were 
paid for by an issue of ten-year bonds, 
all of which were paid before matu- 
rity, the last being taken up in Decem- 
ber, 1904. On the last house we have a 
bonded indebtedness of two thousand 
six hundred and seventy dollars; other- 
wise the Club is free from debt. The Club 
early took up the matter of racing and 
has had very successful crews, wlio, under 
the training of John B. Howard, entered 
at once into the competitive meets of the 
American Canoe Association. 

Tlie first prize was won at Woburii, 
Initou C. C. Regatta. 



Next year at the Eastern Division meet 
at Worcester, the M. B. C. Club Four 
broke the world's record, and several 
.second prizes in other events were taken. 

At Lawrence a number of i>rizes were 
taken at the Eastern Division meet held 
on the Merrimac River. 

Tlie purchase of a war canoe and new 
<lub fours and talidem, put the CIul) on a 
])ar with the best racing clubs in the 
country, and the next year the crews 
took nearly every prize offered. At the 
Old Home week at Bath, were won seven 
out of nine events. The same year the 
crews took several national champiim- 
ships at the national meet at Cliatham; 
in fact in that oneyearbeginning with the 
Sportsman's Show iu March and ending 
with the Lawrence Canoe Club invitation 
meet iu September, there had been taken 
more than one hundred prizes. 

At the next Eastern Division meet at 
Cauiibie Lake, eight out of the nine races 
were taken by the M. B. C. At the East^ 
ern meet last year at JIancliester, the 
total of points won by tlie JI. B. C. was 
one less than the highest, although tliey 
had won more first jjrizes tlian any other 
club and made new records in the single 
double blade and club four double blade 
events. 

The Club possesses three club fours, 
one tandem, one war canoe, with all the 
necessary equipment for training. 

In the Club there is a recently inaugu- 
rated dory class, consisting f)f ten Swamp- 
sccitt dnries of uniform sjiecifiiations. 

This class has its own t>rganization 



with captain, .secretary and measurer, 
and conducts its races under the rules of 
the M. Y. R. A. 

The membershiii of the Club lias in- 
creased from sixty at tlie end of tlie first 
year to one hundred and tliirty-six at the 
present time, the largest number in its 
history. 

The Club has not only been prominent 
in racing, but has for the past three years 
supported a first class base ball team. 

The upper My.stic Lake on which a 
greater part of the canoeing is done, was 
first used as a water supply by the city 
of Charlestown in lS(i4, anil by Charles- 
town and Boston until 11S'.I8, when it was 
given up as a regular water supply. 

Starting at the railri)ad bridge over the 
Ahajona River and following the shores, 
the total distance around the lake is four 
miles. Inside this course is an area of two 
hundred acres. From the dam between the 
two lakes to the gut before entering 
Bacon's Pond the distance is three thou- 
sand four hundred feet ; tlie greatest width 
is two thousand two hundred feet and 
soundings have been made to the dejith 
of ninety feet. 

The lakes are bnrdered on the east side 
by the Metropolitan Park Boulevard and 
tlie beautiful Brooks estate on which are 
situated three magnificent mansicms.This 
estate has been in the possession of the 
Brooks family since Revolutionary times. 
The market gardens for which Arlington 
is so famous and the low outlying hills 
form a rich setting on the west side. In 
the centre of this panorama is situated 
the home of the Medford Boat Club. 




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Medford Fire Department 



By Ciiakles E. Bacon, Ciiikf ExtiiNEF.ii 




ENGINE NUMBER ONE 



TTTE first aetinn nf the town on 
rccoril relating to lire, was May T^, 
17(50, when it was voted tliat two 
fire hooks be provided for the use 
of the town. 

March 7, 1703: Voted to raise £20, 13s, 
4d, for procuring a fire-engine, if the rest 
can be pnu'iircd l>y subscrijitinn. Honor- 
able Isaac Koyall, Stciihcn Ilall, Esquire, 
and Captain Seth Hlodget, were chosen a 
coniniittee to pmcure the engine and re- 
ceive the subscriptions. 

This resnlted in the purchase of an 
engine called the "Grasshopper," which 
was placed near the market. This engine 



was removed to the West End, April 1, 
IT'.lll, (when another had been obtained), 
and was kept in the barn attaclied to the 
" Angier House." 

March 11, 170.5: For the first time, nine 
fire-wards and twelve enginemen were ap- 
pointed by vote of the town. 

In 178"), a few gentlemen associated 
themselves under the name of the "Med- 
ford Amicalile Fire Society," with the 
motto, "Amicis nobisque." Twenty-four 
nuMnbers only were allowed and they 
SI demnly engaged ti i govern themselves by 
the nine regulations which they adopted. 
These regulations embraced all the com- 



jnon provisions for cho'ce of officers and 
transaction of business which such an 
association Would n'(|uire. The third jii'd- 
vidcil that "cacli member .shall keep con- 
stantly in good oi'der, hanging up in some 
convenient place in his dwelling house two 
leatlier buckets, of convenient size, in 
whii'li sha 11 be two bags and one screwkey, 
each bag measuring one yanl and three- 
quarters in length, and three-quarters of 
a yard in breadth." If the bags (U- buckets 
of any mcmlicr were o>it of ]ilace at any 
quarterly insiicitiou, he was oljliged to 
pay a fine; oE twenty-five cents for each 
article so out of place. 



MEDFOIil), PAST A\l> PRESENT 



Candidates for admission were to be 
proposed three months before election, 
and three votes in the negative prevented 
membership. "The members shall dine 
together on the first Wednesday in August 
annually." 

They continued their existence till tlie 
year 1S40, when the society was dissolved. 
A nuniberot lire buckets formerly used by 
niendjcrs of this society still hang in tlie 
carriage room of Hook and Ladder Com- 
pany No. 1. 

September 9, ITfiC), it was voted to pro- 
cuic a new engine. These engines served 
the |iiii'iiosc of tlic town till a lat(> period. 



Turner, .James Hyde, .John IJarrington, 
S. Kradforil, N. Crocker, T. Bridges and 
C. Herbert. 

February 22, 1808: The following were 
appointed members of the West End En- 
gine Company: L. Wynian, I. Brooks, J. 
F. Floyd, L. Buckman, J. Buckman, P. 
lioach, W. Harris, I. Symmes, D. West, 
W. Brooks, .J. Dickinson, J. Wyman. 

July 3, 1814, officers were elected as fol- 
lows: Timothy Dexter, foreman of Engine 
No. 1; C. Turner, clerk. On April 18, 18-.'.-), 
James Floyd was elected foreman of En- 
gine No. 1, James B. Curtis, foreman of 
Engine No. :3. 



constitution and by-laws recommended 
by the committee were adopted by the 
company, with tlie approval of the select- 
men. 

The company was organized and was 
named Washington Hook and Ladder 
Company No.l, the charter for same being 
signed by the Honorable Levi Lincoln, as 
(iovernor, this being the only fire com- 
pany now holding a charter designating 
them a Company of Ilook and Laddermen. 
This company claims to be the oldest 
active company in the United States, of 
which the City of Medford may justly be 
]irou(l. The first knfpwn officers of this 




ClUliK EN(;i\i;i i; i;a< ux ami iiik department TUIiXOt'T 



The firemen were .selected fnnu the most 
reliable and energetic of all the citizens, 
and once a month each engine was exam- 
ined and played. 

The record is very incomplete from the 
last date till 1828. We find that on May 4, 
1807, Seth Bradford and Noth Crocker 
were appointed enginemen of the new 
engine. June 8, 1807, Isaac Brooks ap- 
pointed an engineman on Engine No. 1. 
On June 8, 1807, it was voted to have a 
new set of wheels for the West End en- 
gine. June 14, 1808, the following persons 
were apjiointed members of the Fire De- 
partment: Timothy Dexter, Jonas Jones, 
William Buckman, Joseph Manning, T. 
Blanchard, William Bradbury, Jacob 
Tufts, Moses Winship, Anson Dexter, 
Jolm Williams, Thatcher Magoun, Calvin 



Marcli :i, 1828: Voted that the select- 
men be a committee to examine and con- 
sider the necessity of procuring a new 
engine for the west part of the town. 

July 28, 1828, the first record of the 
organization of a new engine company for 
the west part of the town. 

At a meeting of the selectmen, April G, 
1S28, itwas voted to buy new suction hose 
for Engine No. 4, called Washington. 

In the year 1828, the Legislature of the 
Commonwealth having passed an Act 
authorizing the town of Medford to ap- 
I)ointa company of Hook and Laddermen, 
at a meeting held by the selectmen on 
July 6, of that year, a ccmimittee was ap- 
pointed to form such a company. 

The action of the committee was ap- 
proved by the town authorities, and the 



company, elected July 20, 1829, were 
John B. Fitch, moderator, and (ieorge W. 
Porter, clerk. This company is still in 
existence, and is now hicated in the Cen- 
tral Engine House, Maine street. It has 
always been a popular branch of the Fire 
Dejiartment; and from first to last, we 
find the names of some of the most re- 
spectable citizens of the town enrolled in 
its membership. The present officers are: 
Frank Hathaway, Captain; Charles H. 
Hartshorn, lieutenant; Samuel G. Jepson, 
clerk ; C. Ernest Larkin, treasurer; Ladder 
nu'n James H. Chase, Frank 15. Blodget, 
George L. Newliall, William F. Bartlett, 
F. Russell Waterman, and Herbert E 
Bradish. 

November 14, 1831, the town voted to 
give a supper each year to the firemen. 



00 



MEDFOnn, PAST AND rHESENT 




November 9, ISi'i, the town voted that 
fire-engines may be used to water ships in 
course of construction, and proper com- 
pensation be I'eqiiircMl tlierefor. 

March 0, 1S:!T: At tliis time tlien- was a 
general call for a more extended and effi- 
cient defence against lire; and the town 
voted that it approve tlie Kevised Stat- 
utes, Section 1!I-1>1. 

la the year 18:59, the town petitioned 
the Legislature for an act of incorpora- 
tion of their Fire Department. This sug- 
gested to tlie Legislature the importance 
of considering the whole subject; and on 
the ninth day of April, the present law 
was past. The next day they authorize<l 
the Town of Medford to organize a Fire 
Department according to their petition, 
and the act is as follows: — 

"An act to establish a Fire Department 
in the Tnwn of Medford. lie it enacted liy 
the Senate and House of Kepresentatives 
in (ieneral Court assembled, and by the 
autliority of same as follows: The Select- 
men of the Town of Medford are hereby 
authorized to establish a tire department 
in said town in the manner and accord- 
ing to the provisions prescribed in an act 
to regulate lire departments, jiassed on 
the ninth day of April, 1839." 

Three engine companies were formed 
under this act, viz: (governor Urooks, No. 
1; General .hukson. No. :.', also called tlie 



HOKE COMPANY NO. 1 

F.astern Engine (_'omi>aMy, and the J. Q. 
Adams, No. 4. 

The Governor Brooks, No. 1, was lo- 
cated on Back street, on lot of land now 
used as a jiublic Pound, and was officered 
as follows: James F. Floyd, foreman; 
DavidKimball, assistant foreman; George 
L. Stearns, clerk; Luther Angier, treas- 
urer. This company continued its organi- 
zation till March 17, 18.58, when by order 
of the engineers, they were disbanded. 

General Jackson, No. 2, or the Western 
Engine Company, was first located in a 
building near "MarmSyniond.sIiill," and 
after a few years was located in the rear 
of the First Parish Meeting-house, Zac. 
Wynian was foreman and James F. Floyd, 
clerk. 

J. Q. Adams, No. 4, was located at the 
sliip yard nearly opposite Park street, 
and having no suction hose was used for 
watering ships. 

March 2l\ 1840, the first board of engi- 
neers was appointed as follows: James 
(). Curtis, Daniel W. Lawrence, Elisha 
Stetson, S. I. Lappin, John P. Clirby. 

Meeting April 8, 1840: Daniel W. Law- 
rence declined to serve on board of engi- 
neers, and David Foster was appointed to 
serve. April 25, 1840, J. P. Clirby resigned, 
and George V. Porter was ap]iointed. Mr. 



Porter refused to serve :iii(l .lolui T. 
White was appointed. 

April 19, 1841, the selectmen appointed 
S. Lappin, chief, and F. E. Foster, J. T. 
White, E. Stetson, D. Foster as a board 
of engineers for the year. 

March 7, 1842, the chief engineer made 
his (irst annual report. The selectmen re- 
ajipointed the same board of engineers 
for the ensuing year, and the same board 
was reappointed for the year 1843. 

Samuel Lappin served as chief engineer 
from February 15, 1843, to February 14, 
1845. Pyam Cushing served as chief engi- 
neer from February 15, 1845, to February 
14, 1840. Benjamin II. Samson served as 
chief engineer from February 15, 1840, to 
February 14, 1850. 

The engine " (irasshopper " was sold to 
Hunneman & Company during the year 
1849. 

Nathan Richards served as chief engi- 
neer for the years 18.50-51. Benjamin K. 
Tcele, served as chief engineer from Feb- 
ruary 15, 1852, to February 14, 1854. 
Anthony Waterman served as chief engi- 
neer for the year 1855. 

May 1, 1855, Washington Engine C<im- 
pany 3 was organized, and was located on 
Park street. Joseph W. Mitchell was fore- 
man, .lonathan olilham, first assistant 



MEDFORD, PAST AND PRESENT 




■"'* ri.'f^" -"^^ 



(OMIUNATION 1! COJIPANY, SOITII MEDKORI) 







HOSE COMI'ANY NO. 4, .Sl>UlX(i STREET 

02 



MEDFORD, PAST AND I'ltESENT 



foreman; Alninii Klack, spchikI assistant 
foreman; .loiiatliaii N. Sylvester, elerk; 
Iliram Simmoml, steward. This company 
was (lisbaniled in the year 1S71. 

Judah Loring served as chief engineer 
for the year ISrjO. 

John Brown served as chief engineer 
for tlie years 1857-r)8-r)0-60-()l. 

MYSTIC HOSE COMPANY NO. 1 

Tliis company was organized March ICi, 
1860, and was hicated inliviildingon High 
street, now occupied by tlie (i. A. II. as 
hea(hjuarters. The comjiany at that time 
had a f our-wheek^d Iiand }iose-reel, and a 
company of eighteen men, and was offi- 
cered as foUowsr George W. W. Saville, 
foreman; Gonhin Ilayden, second fore- 
man; V. E. Tescliemacher, clerk and treas- 
urer; G. W. Williamson, steward. A few 
years later, this hand reel was exchanged 
for a two-wheel hose reel, called a jumi)er, 
.Still later this reel was <-lianged, and a 
four-wheeled horse-hose-recl was then in- 
stalled. This reel was in commission till 
1800, when a two-horse Abbott & Down- 
ing hose wag(in was jilaced in commis- 
sion, and this wagon is still in service. 




CHIEF EMilNEER liACON AND ASSISTANT ENGINEERS CLARK AND WATERMAN 



tral engine-house on Main street, where Nathan 11. Wait, clerk; Henry 51. James, 

it is quartered at the present time. The John F. Chick, Richard W. Clark, Robert 

The company remained in the High street ollicers and members of the comjiany to- J. Lindsey, Patrick J. Waldrf)n, Frank 

engine-house till the year ISSO, when its day are as foUows: George A. Hooker, E. James, hose men; .ludson A. Tlanson, 

quarters were removed to the new cen- captain; Adam G. Clark, lieutenant; driver. 




-J»rsr=-i«-- 



HUUK AND LADDER IX FRONT OF CENTRAL STATION 
93 



MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT 



HOSE COMPANY NO. 4 

This comiiany was organized March 27, 
1890, and tlie liose-roel formerly used by 
Hose coniimny No. 1, was placed in com- 
mission in this house, together with the 
old horse, called Dianu)nd. This was the 
lirst horse owned by the FireDejiartment. 
The ofKcers of the company at the time of 
organization were Sam Mclntiro, fore- 
man; C. Ernest Larkin, clerk. This reel 
was used by this company till ilay 2, 
1902, when a new two-horse wagon built 
by A. C. Symmes, similar to the wagon 
used by Hose Xo. 1, was placed in com- 
mission in this house, which is located 



During the year 1872, a lot of land was 
bought on Canal street to build an en- 
ginehouse on, and the fcdlowing year the 
house was built, and is in use at the pres- 
ent time. Tlu^ first hose carriage bought 
was a hand hose reel, and this carriage 
was used till the year 1881, when a horse 
carriage was bcuight and placed in com- 
mission. This carriage was used till the 
year 1889, when a dcuible tank llabcock 
chemical engine was hi mghtand the Henry 
Hastings Hose Company Xo. 1 name was 
changed to Chemical Company Xo. 1, 
and the company was reduced from six 
to four men. This chcnucal engine was 



driver; Thomas D. Collins, lieutenant; 
Jolin Snnth, clerk; and the f(jllowing 
hosemen: .Jcdin H. Qualey, Leon V. 
Walker, Edward E. Tapkee. 

COMHINATION C. COMPANY 

This company was organized Decem- 
ber 9, 1872, and was then known as J. W. 
Mitchell Hose Company Xo. 3, and was 
located on the corner of Park and Wash- 
ington street. The company r(dl at that 
time was: W. F. Aldcn, foreuum; I. F. R. 
Hosea, junior, first assistant foreman; 
Frank Irving, second assistant foreman; 
W. E. Ellis, treasurer; H. A. Smith, stew- 
ard; A. P. Joyce, clerk. At this time the 




on Spring street, the present members 
being as follows: William R. Ordway, 
captain and driver; John Antrobus, lieu- 
tenant; James B. Barnes, clerk; Irving T. 
Ham, Warren W. Foye, Lewis H. Day, 
Richard Archibald, hosemen. 

COMBINATION A. COMPANY 

This company was organized during 
the year 1872, and was at that time known 
as Hose Company No. 2, and having no 
house to put the hose reel in, it was kept 
in livery stable cjwned by D. K. Richard- 
son, located on High street, West Med- 
ff>rd. The first officers were: A. A. Sam- 
son, foreman; D. K. Ric-hardson, first 
assistant foreman; J. A. Manning, second 
assistant foreman; H. H. Hooper, clerk; 
R. D. Carpenter, treasurer; M. F. Roberts, 
steward. 



COMBINATION A COMPANY, CANAL STREET 
used till the year 1900, when a combina- 
tion hose and chemical wagon was placed 
in commission. This wagon is in service 
at the present time and the comjiany is 
as follows: Frank H. Walker, captain and 
driver; J. Curtis Wiswell, clerk; John L. 
Tutton, J. O. C. X'eilson, Frederick J. 
Meagher, William S. Chamberlin, hose- 
men. 

COMBINATION B. COMPANY 

Tlie engine house at South Medford, 
corner of Medford and Albion streets, 
was built and occupied during the year 
1894, and a double tank Ilolhuvay com- 
bination hose and chemical wagon placed 
in commission. The same officers are in 
command of this company as at time of 
the organization of the company, as fol- 
lows: Thomas A. Qualey, captain and 



company was equijiped with a four- 
wheeled hose-reel ; this reel was in service 
till the year 188.5, when a hose wagon 
was placed in commission. This wagon 
remained in commission till May 9, 1900, 
when a combination hose and chemical 
wagon built by C. X''. Perkins, was placed 
in commission, and the. name of the com- 
pany was changed to Combination C. 
Company. The officers and members at 
the present time are: W. L. Richards, 
captain; Benjaman F. Samson, lieuten- 
ant, and driver; O. C. Xicoll, clerk; C. S. 
liurrell, treasurer; F. E. Samson, J. B. 
Simpson, Merrill M. Gray, hosemen. 

FIRST KIRE ENGINE BOUGUT 

At a town meeting, held March 11, 1861, 
it was voted to purchase a steam tire en- 
gine and to dispose of one of the hand- 



MEDFOlil), J'AST AND FliESJijyT 




COMBINATION C COMPAJVT, SAF.EM STREET 



engines, an<l iiftci' a trial between an 
eiifjiue from tlie Maiieliester Jlanufaetur- 
ing Cdmpany ot JIaneliester, New Hamp- 
sliire and one from the Portland Manu- 
faeturing Company of Tortland, Mary- 
land, it was voted that the JIanchesteren. 
gine was best adapted to the nse of the 
town, and the comniittee appointed for 
thatpuriiose bought a single jiunip Anios- 
keag engine, built by the Manehester 
peiiple, at a cost of two thousand seven 
hundred and tifty dollars. They also pur- 
chased a hose carriage at a cost of one 
hundred dollars, an express wagon at a 
cost of sixty dollars, four water barrels 
at a cost of five dollars and thirty-two 
cents, and receive<l for sale of Engine No. 
2 the sum of five hundred and seventy- 
tive dollars, the engine to go to the city 
of San Francisco, California. 

The new engine known as Engine No. 
1, was first located on Ship street: A. R. 
P. Libby, first engineer; Ileman Allen, 
second-engineer; William H. Dane, first 
fireman; Rodney Hathaway, second fire- 
man. This engine was afterwards moved 
to a house on High street, near what is 
now Governors avenue. In 1880, it was 
again moved to the new Central Engine 
House on Jfaine street. This engine re- 
mained in service till 1889, when a double 



liump engine of tlie same build was 
bought and placed in commission, and 
the old engine was disposed to the high- 
way department of Medford. The engine 
bought in 1889 is still in service and is 
known as Engine No. 1, and is in charge 
of (ieorge H. Gillard, engineman; Artliur 
W.Morse, assistant engineman and driver; 
Peter F. Lenox, stoker. 

Board of engineers for year ISdl. .lolm 
lirown, chief; William It. Thomas, AIuioti 
Black, Alex S. .Syiumi-s, .loseph P. Hall, 
assistant engineers. 

Board of engineers for year 1802. Almon 
Black, chief; William B. Thomas; Alex 
S. Symmes, Benjamin H. Samson, F. E. 
Foster. 

Board ot engineers, 18(i:!. Alex S. 
Symmes, chief; Benjan\in II. Samson, 
Almon I51ack, F. E. Foster, Joseph P. 
Hall. 

Board fif engineers 1864. Alex S. 
Symmes, chief; Benjamin H. Samson, 
Almon Black, F. E. Foster, Joseph P. 
Hall. 

Board of engineers 18(5.5. Alex S. 
Symmes, chief; (ieorge L. Barr, Joseph 
P. Hall, Almon Black. 

Board of engineers 18(56. Alex S. 
Symmes, chief; S. Symonds, Benjamin 
H. Samson, A. N. Ci>tton, (ieorge L. Barr, 
Moses C. Vinal. 

Board of engineers, 18(57. Benjamin II. 



Samson, chief; George 1,. P.arr, A. N. 
Cotton, L. F. Brooks, D. W. Lawrenci', 
assistant engineers. 

Board of engineers, 1868. Benjamin 11. 
Samson, chief; (J. L. Barr; L. F. Bro<iks. 
A. N. Cotton, G. Ilayden. 

Board of engineers, 18(59. Benjamin 11, 
Samson, chief ; G. L. Barr, L. F. Bro(]ks, 
(i. Ilayden, P. R. Litchfield 

Board of engineers, 1870. Benjamin II. 
Samson, chief; (i. L, Barr, L. F. Brooks, 
(;. Ilayden, P. R. Litchfield. 

Board of engineers, 1871. Benjamin 11. 
Samson, chief; L, F. Brooks, (i. Hayden, 
P. R. Litchfield, A, N, Cotton, assistant 
engineers. 

Board of engineers, 1872. Benjamin II, 
Samson, chief; L. F. Brooks, (4. Hayden, 
P. R. Litchfield, A. N. Cotton, assistant 
engineers. 

Board ot engineers, 1873. Benjamin II. 
Samson, chief; L. F. Brooks, G. Hayden, 
1'. R. Litchfield, A. N. Cotton, assistant 
engineers. 

Board of engineers, 1884. Thomas (). 
Hill, chief. 

Thonuis (). Hill was chief from 188:! to 
1884. 

George W. Jleans, chief, 1884-8.5-86. 

Lewis II. Lovering, chief, 1887. A. C. 
Symmes, chief, 1888-8.5. 

Charles E. Bacon, chief, 1885 to the 
present time. 



95 



The Hook and Ladder Veteran Association 



By Geobge S. Delano 



Till'', .M.'.llniil Aiiiical.li' Fin- Ass.i- 
ci;itiiin, bdi-ii ITS'). The Washiiiotnu 
lloiik and Ladder I'miipany, buni 
1S21I. Tlu'IIdnkaiid La.ld.'i- Vi'lcraTi 
Assoc-ialinii, Imrii ISS'.l. 

'I'liiis r-iiiis llic i^i'iicaliii^y nl till' iildcst 
or^anizat iiiTi in MriHiird. wMmm' iiri'si- 
dcnU liavi' Ikiii: William 1). Tlnnnas. 
(iroi-c W. Mi'ans. Nicholas W liilc Sani- 
u<-l II. Tniiicr, .hnncs Kcan, lldnniablr 
.lames A. Ileivey, OliviT hyte and 
Frank (iaircpii. and anninj;' whnse nieni- 
bers have been smb men as .loNejib 1'. 
Hall. .Inlm II. Fileh. (;. \V. IN.iler. F.pb- 
laini Tufts, TbaUliei- .Ma^iain. .lames ( ). 
Curtis, Samuel Laiihani, Henry Willi- 
inntdu, Daniel Lawrenee, HiMijaniin F. 
Delanii, Dudley C. Hall, Alexander S. 
Syinines, Samuel C. Lawrenee, Daniel 
W. Lawrenee, Icdui llutebins, lloraee 1). 
Hall, I'.enjaniin K. Hayes, C. \V. \V. Sa- 
ville and F'reenian Lorins, tiiscther w ilb 
Niebnia.s Keyou. tbe '-Obi Kimiau," and 
in fact all tin' men who ]ia\e made and 
are makini; .Me<U(ud's liealthlul bistury. 

t'idebiatins;' Medford's two hiLndred 
and seventy-littb anniversary witbiput 
imlndini; ibis veiii'rable assmiat iiMi in. 
at least, the reiurd of family deeds would 
be like tellinj;' ef our cdd town meetings 
without luUtinn' in a jiicture of I'arker 
K. and his l)allot eotKn. 

.Speakins' of that ballot coffin! .\h. me! 
ll was tbe coffin for many blasted boiK's. 
Funny idd box it was. too. Why, small 
tliont;li it looked, it has held, in erne day, 
more b;illots than are cast at sonu" eity 
elections. 

Hut 1 was l:ilkiu<; abcuil hooks, ladders, 
I'tc., iiml their association with men, — a 
topic foreiijn to ballots in March, that is, 
in a fteiu'ral way. however mtudi the men 
who sealed tlu' ladders may have done 
towards sealintj liallots at the "town 
nieetin"."' 

The Hook and Ladder Veteran Asso- 
eiation has many faults. First, it is a 
strictly human body of men. Au awful 



fault, iirol)ably resultinji' from their pro- 
oenitors' humane work in saving life and 
l>r(>perty. The As.soeiation's second fault 
is idiarity, which, as they construe the 
word, implies all uu'u are equally entitled 
to tors'iveness, regardless of creed, social 
cnvironmeut or iiolitical affiliation. I'er- 
haps those two faults are sufficient to 
class it :is very faulty, because, being so 
humanly human ami so mindful of the 
fact that the ditTerences between men's 
classilieations are largely dejiendent ujnin 
the thickness of tbe masks they wear, 
they are, as an asscjciation, in a class by 
themselves in our community. 

There may be some people in Medford 
who are uiuicquainted with a hook and 
ladder man's duty. To them we say, it's 
the jollie.st s(U-t of work, especially on a 
cold night, when, after finding a warm 
sjKjt in bed, one turns out to a fire, runs 
a mile or two, shoves up a hundred or 
more feet of ladders, hooks the side of 
a buiiiing building down, tumbles over 
hose, gets a dozen or more gallons of 
freezing water down his back, his eyes 
;iml lungs full of smoke, and so on, — all 
for the honor i^f serving his fellow-citi- 
zens. Do you wonder at su<'b men being 
very faulty? 

The annual uxeeting of our venerable 
Association is held on the first Monday 
in .May. Then, with full respect for tin- 
Luce law, but without working uiuler 
the same, their officers are elected and 
sworn in. The other meetings follow in 
daily succession, and embrace a banqiu-t 
on every holiday. 

I'ulike some organizations in .Medio i-d's 
list of municipal friends, our honorable 
Hook and La<liler Associaticm is a strictly 
temperate society in the fullest accept- 
ance of the term. Games by chance are 
n(jt allowed in its rooms, and politics is 
a forbidden topic within its walls. Fore- 
going all such unlearned and mischievous 
affairs, its members are devoted to sci- 
ence, to art, literature and music. At the 



present time a qni'stion of great monumt 
is under discussion, viz: ''Is the earth 
flat, or how is the Duke of Wellington?" 

Our Hook and Ladder Veteran Asso- 
ciation is a vital link between the old and 
the new days. It is well that such organi- 
zations are maintained, because, in the.se 
days, when public duty is regarded by 
too many in the light of personal benefit, 
without such remimlcrs of the days when 
personal benetit was gained only by per- 
forming public duty freely, our young 
tiien would fail to compridiend the richest 
gains of citizenship. 

The old nu'tbod of life wherein men 
met and were measured by men who 
brooked no shirking of public or personal 
duty may seem very obsolete to-day, 
wlien, instead of heljiing to barn your 
neighbor's hay, it is, in some instances, 
customary to look upon your neighbor as 
a stranger. F^irthat reason the venerable 
Associati(m of which we write may seem 
out of place in society. However, if the 
city came to an hour of need in any way, 
as has been proven many times and is 
being jiroved to-day, the Hook and Lad- 
der Veteran Association would respond 
to a man. They might lack the polish of 
Mrs. (irundy's maids, but their hearts 
would be true and their words sincere. 

(•ne of our brothers, who has been 
watching me write, .says; "Close with 
Uncle David's hymn." Therefore here's , 
the hymn sung by David, of Simpson's 
Tavern. — David, the generous friend of 
humanity, at the time of his last meeting 
with ns: — 

I sliall dream of stately Iveyuu, unless tlie 

watcli rings a tire; 
Of John D., and Floyd the jolly, of whose yarns 

I never tire ; 
Then wake up at roar of (Jillard, and of Stub, 

Ills worthy sire. 

One more glass, aniigo mio; break your pipe 

before we go. 
Lite is brittle — who can tell us when the black 

baud strikes the blow? 
That?— Oh, that thing do^s not matter if we 

live square until we go. 



96 



Men Whom We Have Known 



I!y (ircdKiiK S. Dki.ano 




GEOIKiE S DELANO 

TIIK lii'sl iinpressing .siiuiul we re- iieeteil with tliiit bell tlin.ujjh tlie me" 

rail ill iiur Medford life was that diuni of a rojie which terminated in the 

1.1' a bell ringing merrily at 5. SO tioket office. You all remember him! 

a.m.. and again (5.05 a.m. That bell Certainly; for .lames <TOwing was as 

wa.s located where the ventilator now jn-omjit to advise us of " train time " as 

is on the Boston & .Maine depot on Main he was in all things. He had a friendly 

street, in the Square. \ man was con- way of passing out tickets, too, and one 



went to work in lioston with a lighter 
lu'art niter a morning greeting from him. 

'['hat old bell rings now, to us, the 
I lines of many lives which came in toiidi 
Willi ours while it served to remind us 
of calls to duty or pleasure. 

fajitaiu .John I. White was close at 
hand in those days, the genial tax col- 
lector, the vigilant sheritY. Over the 
waiting room he transacted business, 
meanwhile keeping an eye on the town 
jail across the street. Hrother Saville 
was his pujiil, — a diligent one, too, as 
his subsequent record jiroves. 

You know that bell was tolled five 
iiiiiiiitcs before starting time. Then was 
the hour of bustle, or the minute, for, 
no matter what train was about to de- 
part, one or more giH.il citizens would 
be ill a rush. Down Forest street would 
biiiiy Dudley C. Hall, jump from his 
caniage and run down tlie platform, 
lliother Hall was a very rich man tor 
those days, and sometimes, not often, of 
course, a wee bit snajijiy. He had a reach- 
ing falsetto voice, too, and wlien he 
•'blew up" Hrother (oiwiiig "for being 
ill a liiirry to get the train started,"' a 
l<iiHl •'( music wasinthe air. Hut Dudley 
('. Hall was a first-idass citizen in all 
ways, as was his father, and also Horace 
D., his brother. The entire family did 
much for lledforcl in her early days. 

That old litdl put peojile into sjirintiug 
iiH.ods all along the line. From over 
('radock Hridge came the belated ones, 
among wliom mightbe.seenCharles Archi- 
bald, whose pace fiu' the length of 
c iccu's block would be l.lii. or in that 
class. Up Salem street came the hurry- 
ing fines, each slapping the price of a 
paper on H. N. Peak's table and tum- 
bling into the train, while Albert Hamil- 
ton fingered his watch and cried : "All 
aboard! Can't you chaps get here on 
time? " We have seen (feorge B. Gill 
hurry a bit through Dead Man's alley. 



97 



MEDFOHD. PAST A\D PRESENT 



and, if memory serves me, C. P. Laiiriat, 
both men of worth in the town. High 
street had its early and late contingents, 
and we have seen, rarely, of course, 
Deacon Wilcox running' before the wind 
with his cape and cane showina; up like 
studding-sails. Yes, even Frniik ( ! ray Inir- 
ried at times. 

Up in West Medford, Teter C. r.roi>ksi 
Shepherd Brooks, Edward Hrooks. Frank 
Brooks, and their families, sturdy sinews 
in our early life, got to the train on their 
own time, or got'left, as did ,J. E. Ober, 
Samuel E. Teele. .J. V. Richardson, 
Brothers Daniel Richardson, Williain 
Cheeney, .Tohn Norton, Moses Mann, 
and others. Down Park street way, the 
people were early risers by their own 
clocks; yet, at times, T. C. N^ewcomb, 
William C. Childs, and Deacon Jfiller 
made record runs to the old wooden de- 
pot. Edmund Pennell, Walter Gushing, 
and Frank Davenport were boys then, 
and, as a pointer on their futures, were 
never late. 

Men whom we have known! Well, hav- 
ing known Medford since it was a town of 
only five thousand inhabitants, we have, 
by force of circumstances, known many 
men in it. 

We knew .lim'Fitz, — "Butcher Fitz" 
was his sobriquet, — who had a fine lot of 
trout on Valley street, and, all in all, 
was a beneficial citizen. Then there was 
George, Joe and Isaac Xewton, sons of 
early settlers, each a character distinct. 
Brother Joe was much given to horses 
and oxen, and delighted in "snaking" 
ship timbers, at times to the detriment 
of some cattle. Brother George was a 
farmer of some renown, while Isaac gave 
to our life all he was capable of giving. 

Eleazar Wright we knew well, — a man 
of genius in many ways, a generous citi- 
zen, the father of Jfiddlesex Fells. No 
man can have a more beautiful, exjuess- 
ive or lasting monument than the Fells 
lands; yet, as a reminder that we appre- 
ciate the man who, by gift of time, 
energy, genius and money, caused public 
action to define itself in the preservation 
of our grand forests, a monument built 
by public subscription on Pine Hill 
would be in keeping with our apprecia- 
tion of him. 

Measuring his rapid jiace by tapiiing 
the walk with his cane, we see ,Tndge B. 
F. Hayes crossing Cradock Bridge during 
the last tolls of Brother Gowing's bell* 
The Judge was, oh, so swift, it really 
tired one's eyes to watch his movements. 
But, as a caballero of the first rank, he 



was unexcelled. His courtesy was a daily 
lesson in good manners to all of us. 

F. E. Foster was never late. Not he. 
VVhen the sun was drowsily looking over 
the Azores he could be seen as a boy on 
Wellington's farm, and as a man on the 
lundicr wliart. making fruitful use of his 
time. 

Frank A. Gray w'as not always late for 
the train. Usually he. a man of small 
stature and big brain, trotted down High 
street seeing only those who, from his 
social view point, were eligible to a 
morning greeting. 

.James W. Tufts was a lovable man. 
While growing from an humble begin- 
ning in the store now occupied by Daniel 
N. Howard to the millionaire owner r>f 
Pinehnrst, he never forgot to be a human 
citizen, who stood for the higher life in 
all ways. 

Then comes the "Old Roman!" Oh! 
Nick. Morning to you! With the grace 
of Chesterfield, the sage of the eastern 
meadows, our faithful representative in 
the General Court hands out an " Old 
Medford " cigar and passes to the train, 
while wishing us " good luck for the 
day." 

" Whoa! " Rather shrill was that com- 
mand. Yet a merry one withal, and 
Henian Allen, jumping from his home- 
made gig, set to work hurrying the men 
who were then, as they have been con- 
stantly since, digging up the Square. 
Bi'other Allen was "on the police" at 
times, and, as a sort of " steady love." 
kept the highways in repairs. We remem- 
ber seeing him in "town meetin'," once 
in particular, when Auburn Dwyermade 
his famous speech while seconding a mo- 
tion made by Alfred Stephens. You all 
reniember Alfred, and how the Angels 
of the Plains wheeled him home in a 
barrow, a-la-Pickwick, after the lunch of 
the famous hunting party. 

Shades of good fellows ! There 's Luther 
Angier! What's that he's saying to J. N. 
Gibbs while they walk in the .shades? 
"Yes — yes — yes; yes, Gibbs." "Can't 
you ever say no? " replied Brother Gibbs. 
" Yes — ye.s — yes, " answers Bi'other 
Angier. Well, Ijuther was a master of 
letters, trade and diplomacy. May his bed 
over the river be even softer than the old 
sofa in his office. 

Coming in at the east end of the depot, 
sacred to Brother Gowing's memory, we 
see another Luther, he whose last name 
was Brooks. Swinging along with a mili- 
tary step, wearing his accustojned broad 
black hat, he is telling one of his ethical 



stories to George Lauriat. You knew 
George? Certainly, and with jileasure, as 
all the people here in the early days knew 
tlie q>iiet, introspective man. 

Elbridge Teele never hurried visibly, 
but from early dawn to closing time he 
was an example of perjjetual mf)tion ap- 
plied to proclucing profitable results. He 
acconqilished many enduring things, as 
is jiroven by the sons and the business 
bearing his name. 

Now, Walter Bates, it you drive so 
rapidly through the Square some one will 
be hurt, perhaps yourself. Don't ynu see 
Jojihanus and gentle William standing 
in the door of the town bird cage? Jo- 
phanus has an eye on you, Walter, and 
gentle William has an eye im him. Say! 
Walter Bates was just a big l>unch fif 
true humanity. Never a poor family went 
hungry if he knew of their needs. He had 
a weakness for old buildings, but it was 
a paying hobby. He went home too early 
for Medford's good. 

(iood morning, Arthur Reagan! Look- 
ing for new stars or examining the pave- 
ment? 

Arthur passes on with such a kindly 
greeting as, in his musical brogue, made 
one merry. 

To Ben Wriglit. Medford owed Jlystic 
Park, and to that park not a little of its 
pros])erity and pleasure. Mr. Wright ran 
the track on honest lines, as did Horace 
Willis. The reputation of Slystic Park 
has been fully as beneficial to us, as has 
been that of some of those who plotted 
the closing of this world-wide known 
place of honorable sport. 

When Uncle Alec Symnu-s dntfed liis 
hat and drew frou\ it a short-six, one 
knew he was in a jolly mood. He knew 
every well and other source for water in 
the town, and, as chief of our firedejiart- 
ment, has never been excelled, even by 
Arthur, who greased the pole in the new 
" ingine house." Alec Symmes was a gen- 
ius at many things other than building 
wagons or shoeing horses. He was one of 
the men we cling to, because his frank, 
honest, lovable nature made for him 
encUiring friendshiji. 

Morning, Uncle David Simpson! Turn 
round, will yon? Ha! ha! "Them's the 
new pants, are they? Fit fine, David, 
but the port suspender is, as Commodoie 
Boynton would say, just a little slack in 
the dead-eye. David, my boy, how 's the 
colt? All right, eh? Well, Bijou is a jewel. 
Clam chowders by the Hot Water Ram- 
blers Friday night? Good ! we '11 all be 
there. Have the register working, and, if 



MEDFOh'D, PAST AND PTIESENT 



the numbers get mixerl, send for Parker R. Dr. Daniel Swan! One must speak of fonl in;iii was an un<|uestione(l honor." 
Never was a hotel run better than him reverently. He was a true, good Sa- See tluin! Tlieri' is Mr. Elisha Tainter 
N Tavei-M. Never was a host 



benefit of humanity. His nuuiey was sim- 

be 



Simi 

truer to his duty tlian Uncle David Sini]i- 
soii. of lourse, (4entle James helped out 
in many ways, and was always to be n-- 
lied on, as he is to-day. 

Did you know Tom Crockwell? We 
saw him grow from boyhood into as use- ply a loan frimi the (ireat Father t 
ful and honorable maidiood as has been distributed to suffering man. 
given to Medford during all her years. Medford can give no better evidence of 
Xo better sim, brother, husband and ),('r ai>preciation of true goo<lness than 
father has been among our (leople. He by placing his jiortrait in tlu'Swau School, 
gave us credit, too, liy tlic excellency of where, for all time, he may be a teacher 
his work in otiicr c(.mmunitics. nf Christianity to the coming generations. 

r.cu llcrsey boarded the cars at I'ark Captain Mcrrow I .Mil there you are. 
street and passi^d througli the train, hurrying f<ir the (i.ld a.m. train. Dr. 
greeting friends on allsides. If Ohauncey Tocahontas is your soliri<|iul, my friend, 
Dejiew had been up for a speech at a and well d<ies the title lit yon, because 



man tan. H' the clergy seek for an exan\ple with I! rot her Hurrill; there is Oscar Fow- 

of true Christianity, he will turnisli such ler with lienjamiu I'erkins. Here comes 

an examjile as is stdihmi found in any llul'iis Sawyer chatting with Caleb Mills, 

community. His medical skill was, to and tlu-re is Charley Day telling a new 
him. 



a trust to be administered for the spiiitual stoiy to ■' Ilcn "" lieid. Moses 



Miller lonu's (UiwnOakland street with 
William II. liandall; at the corner they 
meet t'harlcs II. Hrainerd, and, joined 
liy .1. C. Dorr, walk to the SI a.m. train. 

There "s Cai>tain Gushing, from (Jarden 
street, having a growl with Tliomas Hil! 
on the lien (picstitiii. .\ddison Childsaiid 
.1. C. Hand are discussing the value of 
)iatent kindlings as comjiared with coal. 
There, the crowd lias passed, anil now 
we ctimc to one \\ ho, dear tit his tamily. 
will long be remembered for his devotion 



banquet where Hrotberllerseyheldforth. il,i,-ing the Civil war, you I'ared for those to his ideals of life: Eleazar Hoynton 

the plume of Vanderbilt's pet would have left behind by soldiers from Kockland, 

trailed in the dust. Ilersey was one of Maine. You would swap horses, Merrow, 

those rare men from whom the milk of and once got stuck on a " talking horse," faithful to his ]iriiiciplcs in tow n meet iiif; 



smiling on all he meets, our citizen-]ioli- 
tician, who, ]iriiininent in his church. 



industrious and helpfid in the (General 
Court and State Senate, passes by, say- 
ing: "Let the celebration be worthy of 
Mwdfoi-d's liighest ideals." lirother Hoyn- 
ton was a di]ilomat, a shrewd business 



rallying ground, leaving Brother Smith, 
a staunch man of the old school, to un- 



human kindness runs out. He was, — well, ijut never mind, old man, those days are 
he was Ben Hersey incomparable. We over, as are the ones sacred to riibl>cr 
knew him thoroughly, and from him heels. 

learned much to make life more as the .Ichn I). Small was one of the promjit- 
Creatiir intended it should be. ^.^.j- members of the Washington Hook 

John F. Batchelder could n't run much, and Ladder Comiiany. When an alarm m;in, an active cluirch otticial. 

because of aldermanic tendencies. But rung in he would saunter along in the John Smith was so long a factor in 

he could speak in tones far-reaching, and wake of the truck, asking every passer Mcdford Square that the pantheon looks 

did. .lohn was a master in his line, and where the blaze was. f)nce, when a blaze Idiicly w itlmut him. KbenWaterman filled 

ever ready to do a neighborly kindness. came in Wellington, he got as far as the in lirother SinitlTs moving jiicture for a 

Talk about horses and you must think Hall farm, sat on a wall, and waited tor short time but. answering the always- 

of James Golden. Why? Because he was, "the boys" to get back. John I), had a heeded call, passed on to the universal 
in that line, what Raphael was in art. very musi('al voice, one of those express- 
Brother Jim? Yes, he was all which the jng an effort to mix soprano with bass, 

title implies, and a manly brother, too. 'Twasa pleasure to buy goods of him, dis]iuted possession of the shadows of 

Look at that pile of brain, and the keen because, as he said, "he always sold Medford's corinthian pillars. When John 

eye under the brow; at the tangled heap goods at a loss." W^e know he did, be- Smith rode his fiery steed at the end of 

of eyebrow when those smug doctors ^anse. Bill Floyd backed up his state- a huse-recl ro]ie, something was doing 

stare. What a mouth, all clani]ied and ments, and was himself liacked up by along the line, lie got the machine to the 

barred, to shut in a secret truth: .\nd jiju Tufts. You know liill I'loyd? No? liii always in time for the boys to save, 

then whenhe laughs, what a glare thnuigh Then you missed acquaintance with as at least, the cellar. 

his beard of his broad, white tooth! Thus g,,fid a chap as William B. Thomas, and j,, ,,1,1 "town meetin' " days it was 

James O. Curtis comes back to us with Kill Thomas wasa staractorinthe huniau instructive and pleasurable to watch the 

memories of the days when he built ships ihje. .lim Tufts was known as the Earl of "vegulars" line up in their reserved seats. 

and the foniulation for an honorably Gravelly Creek. Whether he was by Down front, on the left, could always be 

gained fortune. right, or not, a titled gentleman, does ^^.j.,, j„tlg(. Harlow. Tall was this kin of 

If I'orte Hartshorn had bequeathed ns not matter, because he was a prime layer lilackstone, big of frame, and fertile of 

all lie knew about the Boston Phalanx, ,,f i, ricks, and. with Stim Derby, made thought. In s|ieech he was always taking 

we would have material for such a book ^^^^.i, ., ,,..,,„ ,,„ ^^^p information line as .j f,.,,^), i|,,|,i ,,r ideas, like this: "Mr. 

as would sell "P *';; J'* ^^''.'"11'!,''!' ..'.'.' caused Dr. Dorr to wonder at the capa- „,„derator, 1 move yon, sir, that— ahem! 

bilities of the human brain. — 1 move you, sir, that — " When he 

Speaking of Dr. Dorr reminds us of tinally got the Tnotiim into his words, 

how- handsome he was in the saddle after or the words into his motion. Brother 

Boynton, or Wilcox, or Ayers, would duly 

How the old friends crowd around us second the sauie, and the battle would 

now' They come in reality, too, each say- be on, for the right side regulars gener- 

ino- "Make the celebration a success ally opposed the left siders, and thus 

worthy of the old days, when to be a Med- would run the fight. James M. U.sher, 



a profitable publication. Porte made re- 
liable goods, as his sons attest. Porte 
was wit, a scholar, and a scientist. He 
might not have been able to beat Nat 

.\mes at checkers, but he could ■' squirt returning from the Civil war. 
a hose" or ground a gun with the best 
of them, (iillis knew that, and often tells 
how the artist in harnesses could measure 
a "boss" with his eye. and fit him, off- 
hand, to a reliable suit of oak-tanned. 



LolC 



MEDFOni). PAST AND PRESENT 



tall, angular, wigged and unctuous, next 
WDulfl move an amendment to Judge 
Harlow"s motion. Brother lioynton would 
sjjeak against the amendnu-nt, and be 
heartily seconded by his friend, Damon 
Wilcox. Then Judge Hayes — everwitful 
anil droll, though clear and concise — 
would get against the twain and be sec" 
onded by our honored friend (41eason 
from the sunset end of the town. Moder- 
ator Hooper would look wiser than Soc- 
rates, pound a bit with his gavel, wink at 
Tarker R., and regulate the contest fire 
of the shoals of anger. Charley Kussell 
would poj) up iu the body of the house, 
inject a few of his soda ideas into the 
general air, and then subside in favor of 
Nick Keyou — he of few words. If the 
tight touched tlie laying out of Valley 
street, or in any other way the expendi- 
ture f>f public numey, then was the battle 
fierce, especially from the right, where 
for many years lived the economical 
statesmen. 

Do you remember those men and those 
days? Yes! Well, the days were ones of 
prosperity, and the men such as safely 
build communities. James M. Usher was 
a striking example of a self-made man; 
Thomas Harlow, a scholarly credit to any 
community; John Ayers, a conservative 
in whom nu'u trusted. Those were good 
days, and n(jw, as an echo from the old 
standard bearers, we hear, as a voice 
vote on the question of having a celebra- 
tion of our two hundred and seventy-fiftli 
anniversary, such a roar of ayes as causes 
the pantheon to rock on its foundation, 
even though there be in it tw-enty-one 
aldermen of weighty brain power. Again 
we hear the old crew shout — even Alfred 
Stephens, Taylor Tay and Alvah Cotton: 
" Town meetings are the safest municii)al 
tribunals! " 

In the old political days we had some 
lu)t tights, in wliich blow's were not placed 
with such finesse as comes in the pol- 
ished line of our unequalled Brother 
Fay. Then we "fit" and liealed up after- 
wards. Xow, our hands are often gloved 
and our fists greased; that is, we have 
heard of such careful handling of politi- 
cal opponents. To settle the question, 
just watch the city committee. They fight 
by the latest rules, at all times. 

This section was suggested by friends 
who came up from the air around Taint cr 
street. First came Dennis McCilliciuldy, 
he who knew politic* fnpm A to /.. both 
ways, and was one of Medford's history 
makers. Then came Peter and John Dona- 



hue, men who took pride in our louii, 
and did work bringing credit to tlic com- 
munity. Those men "fit" in oui' idd 
political battles, and, win or lose, kept 
up the fight because each season brought 
new issues. Dennis, above named, could 
sing, and tlius ran a part of one of jiis 
victorious liymiis: — 

" We Avere slandinj^ foot to loot, and jiiving shoot 
for shoot ; 
Hot and stronj^ went our volleys at the l)lue; 
We knelt, but not for j;rac-(% and the fuse lit up 
the face 
Of the gunner, as the rountl shot l)y us tlew. 
O, the bugle it blew loud, the shot drove in a 
cloud. 
And the l)ayouets of the boys were at play ; 
The old colonel, putting fust, was aliuost like 
to bust. 
With shouting, ' Faugh a ballagh ! clear the 
way !' " 

That "s the real song, and John Crowley 
will back up the statement. 

Thomas R. Peck, manufacturer of hats, 
fii'c warden, stately gentlemen. He comes 
up from the Turnpike, a picture of old 
days never to be forgotten, a pleasant re- 
minder of business and social honor. 

Quietly up Salem street, greeting all he 
meets with a smile and kind words, comes 
Dennis Dyer, one of our earliest citizens 
after the town became an embroyo city. 
Mr. Dwyer was a man of high ideals and 
strong purposes; never an active politi- 
cian, but always a citizen in whom men 
trusted. His sons bear evidence to his and 
their mf)ther's forceful character. 

What "s that noise over the bridge V 
Music ! Sure 's your born it is, and, — yes — 
that^s Charley Dyer beating the dritm. 
Heigho ! It 's the old Medford Band ! 

Walter Emerson, Big Lewis and all ! Be- 
hind them comes Captain Charles Currier 
at the head fif a regiment of men we have 
known. There's Brother Wilkinson, slow 
of speecli. but quick at making a good 
picture; .1. II. An-hibald, ever on the 
square; Jim Hathaway, whose knives 
were sta)ile goods wherever known. 

There's .lotham Slctsciii marking time 
with Joseph .lames while Andrew Butters 
and Hugh Campbell exchange fish stories. 
There's longman (Jiddthwaite searching 
for a penny in the grass, while Xed Man- 
ning passes lemonade along the halting 
line. Fred Harlow and Dutchey Coleman 
are marching along at a lively gait, the 
former being in haste to get a sketch of 
Jones Emerson, who, in Betsey Baker's 
old chaise is joining the advance guard. 
There 's a man with a canoe on his head; 
oh — yes. He's the <hap for whom we 
searched on a low bank below the bridge. 
100 



Flags are flying, the music is just filling 
tlie air. There they come around " Men '' 
Moore's Square, Charley Dane, liill Dane, 
Eben Blanchard, Farmers Lennox and 
Beasom. "Hurrah! for Medford first 
against the w-orld! " they shout. There 's 
Owen Abbott giving Brother Burridge a 
new yarn on temperance, while Honey 
Gear smilingly stirs his boiling brown 
sugar anil watches the ']>rentice strike fif 
" Pure Vermont'' labels. Edward Hooper, 
Charles Hooper, Edwin Hooi)er;yes, and 
Samuel Cu.shing the etherial; there they 
ccmie. There's Henry Hastings telling 
Ha rryBradleeabout the time when Ceorge 
Porter was foreman of a hose company 
and fell through Jim Usher's floor. Then 
there's Brickyard Buzzel and Captain 
Bully Redman — all good men and true — 
there — they've turned in at iietsey 
Baker's — ah. mc! 

Xow comes James Bean, (iorist-mer- 
chant. He was a qu:iinl chaiadci- in many 
ways, but always helpful, whether in 
church, political, social, or business 
affairs. 

Pyam Cushing! Tliere was as concrete 
a character as ever lived in Medford. You 
all knew him, the dealer in coals, etc 

\\ liere the path turns north around the 
lawn west of City Hall anne.x, was a small, 
ancient building wherein II. X. Peak 
used to barber and sell papers. Other 
sorts of sells came there later when the 
shiqi became the "Reading Room." and 
was tenanted by the story-tellers who. 
always truthful, were presided .imt by 
Honorable Daiuel Lawrence, and iiuhuled 
such congenial spirits as Colonel Higelow, 
John P. Perry and .Tohn Russidl. 

Daniel Lawrence was a first citizen to 
whom young men may wisely look for an 
example of thrift, courage, honesty and 
patience. He could spin a yarn, and did, 
once in a while. tJne, in which I). W. fig- 
ured, he told with increasiiig mirth as the 
years drew him on to tlie eternal rest. 
That story referred to a Sunday when 
I). W. was very anxious to attenil church. 
Jlerely by accident, of course, fishing was 
excellent, that day, and, again by acci- 
dent, D. W. didn't go to church. The re- 
sult came at dinner time, ■when the father, 
wishing to encourage the son in good 
ways, asked him what the text was. Pos- 
sibly D. W. used that text for bait; in 
any event, he couldn't rc|icat it. Tlic 
father, with one of his merry winks said 
to the son: "I didn't see you in church, 
my boy, therefore it is safe to say you 
got there after the service was over." 



MEDFOin), PAST AND PRESENT 

ilnw tliatnkl ••^licadinj; Uimhh " itIioimI iiinn.u.s. Ui-otluT Xedwasa niinlel fanner tln-imoli hjs s|iih-s which was at imc(> at- 
ti) the iuniioent yarns of the '■ regulars"! and his stock gave milk and eggs for many traeting and liiiiiiorinis. And a number 
Squire I'erry was tlie original of that people who had not their cash value. ""*' at Moyds. like liis sjiips, was this 
episode in Simpson's Tavern wlieriGen- Tales about him and the rhilistines,about eitizen. 

eral George fouuda boarder in bed with a him and the Samaritans, and other Hibli- P'rom _North and Soutli and all around 
funeral subject. He was a thrifty citizen cal parties, might be told to the extent of come tliose we have known in Medford, 
who served in town ofUc-e many years. many chapters. J£r. Hastings was sucli a all saying : " Tell the folks I believe in the 
.lolui Russell, an old time builder of man as friends never forget. celebration." Had we a year to devote to 

liouses, was a cjuict num. Iliriftyand sin- Siieaking about the Bible leads to a tfie record, we might begin to tell of all 
'•ere. welcome thought about Father Donnelly, those men who have jiassed on. We might 

Wlicn tluMild jioliiical |iot liolled, How- He was priest,nianandfriend, — adisciple tell of our friend George Nichols' many 
ard Sawyer goi di.wn |u business; a in whom the Master's spirit abounded, noble traits of character; about Brothers 
square man lie was; anil, wit li . I. Iliiward Now comes Father GiUigaii, our w;irin Butters, X(n-they, PaliiiiT and Sprague. 
VViggin, also fi-oiu the sunset end <if the friend. He was a first-class citizen, [iriest VVe will say that Deacon Galen .James was 
(own, made the olden portion of the com- and teacher. Yes, Father O'Connell looks an ideal character, a man who stood for 
munity walk lively. in on us, and with his broad view of man- the best in the home, the church and the 

Cliarles M. Barrelt.with Nathan Bridge kind, says: "Cei'tainly, have a celebra- community. He had a famous shay in 
and .1. 1'. Richardson, tluci- would-be tion, and let all the people join in singing whichguests were shown many attentions 
.Mcdfordites in spite of all dissenters, the praises of my old, very beloved home. — a jolly old shay draw^n by a jollier old 
came down to the ballot services, full of ^et the children be a strong factor in the horse. Ah! there 's William C. Haskius, a 
vigor, and at times, of tight, in all of affair, for they will perpetuate Medford." strong man he was. He says: "I am 
which B. C. Leonard joincil tlicni. H'' will be one of xVmerica's highest proud of Medfmd now, as I always was." 

Freeman .V. Loring was, to the end of cliuri'h officials, granted that his life is What's that noise in the Square? Ha! 
his useful life, the same liearty chap who spared. lia I That's from our old friend Silas T. 

in early <lays I'an an engine im the Med- Noah Hathaway was one of the fathers Wild, who, mounted on a box, is auction- 
ford brancli. He was a good siddier, a who would find favor in Tresidentlloose- eeringa lot of carijenter's toids, a "boss," 
large nuTchant. a sucii'ssful manufiic- velt's eyes fnmi a fannly jioint of view. ;i cow and a pig. Silas was one of the best 
tnrer. He was ever ready to define his religious of the old-timers. His voice: Well, when 

When we sai<l merchant, .lonas Coburn faith, and gave to Medford tlie record of he whispered the folks unacquainted with 
answered: ■• Here." Tli;i( 's just like Med- a consistent life. Ids section of Salem street expected an 

ford's original traders w ho prospered on We previously omitted saying that t'ol- earthquake. 

the south side of High street, near the "nel Bigelow was a human almanac-ency- Morning, A. B. Morss! Will we have a 
Square. .lonas was all wool through and clopedia. What he didn't know about copy of the Chronicle? Certainly: give me 
knew what a man should be. Si)eaking of Medford would make a small record, two. It's a good paper. Say, Brother 
himbrings up avery animated discussion Colonel (iodfrey Ryder backs me up in Morss: you little knew what an editor you 
wliii li once took plac-e between liijii and that statement, and Brother Ryder knew were hatching in that scribe Henry. He 's 
DuiUcy C. Hall in relation to our fiiejid nu»n as well as he knew how to fight, in keeping up the standard of Medford lit- 
A. F. Sise. It refen-ed to a political ques- whic-h art, by tlie way, he was a master, erature. 

tion, and has no direct bearing here be- Tliatcher Jlagoun was one of the men l)ow-n by Gravelley Creek we hear a 
yond bringing tlie tliree old friends into a who made Medford famous the world tapping and a pounding. That's Squire 
group. BrotherSise was proud of his good over in a maratinie way. Compaiuonable Joe Millerainl his partner Merritt, work- 
name and his family's standing. He was am<uig his own set, yes, but sonu'what ing on the joiner end of Medt(U'd shijis. 
an honiu-able uu-rchant, a strong friend, reserved in general. His gift of the library .loe, the Printer, our .Joe, carries out the 
a safe citizen, and very comiiaiHonable. building to Medford uuirks his generous lines laid down by Squire Miller, his 
His morning ride in the saddle l)e<an\e a citizenship. father, though he expresses them with 

parlofom- local life. William M. Cudworth! When a young less noisy tocds. 

Reverend .Mr. Met olio ni cojues in. and. man walks seven nules to save twenty-live •' Tell 'cm to celebrate by keepin' quie 
in bis graceful way, says: --iledrord cents, he 's thrifty. That's how Jfr. Cud- an' savin' their money. Keep quiet, sure 
should celebrate this anniversary of her worth came to Medford, and with tliat for I 'm workin' on plans for my castle! " 
settU'Uient, for Jledford has made an en- same spirit he went on until, in the firm The voice is — why! that's Brother Pink- 
viable hist(U-ical place." That sounds like of llayden & Cudworth, he built staunch ham, he of hair and beard. Well, he was 
luir old friend who, in the building now ships and founded a I'ompetence. Me built as right in his way as Beasom was in his, 
occuj)ied by Page & Curtin, preached good a charac'ter. too, with a reputation for so let them both rest. 
.sense and some doctrine. He was a clergy- honest dealings. Ah! Charlie Webster. You plaved the 

man among the not large list, who knew .losliua T. Foster! Well, good nuu'inng, organ of the Mystic- Church as only a mas- 
inan \\;is born man, and that the title selectman, legislator, president of a gas ter could. 

reverend did not necessarily imply supe- <-ou\pany, builder of ships! Your yard What 's that you say? Monroe wants to 
rior knowledge of all things. turned out the last ocean-going vessel sing a bit as his part of the anniversary? 

Kdmund T. Hastings! There wasa man built in Medford, one of a long list to Do you mean Monroe who was tlie tenor 
to be remembered. Individual he was all your credit. Brother Foster was quite a at Parson Osgood's church? All right, 
thr«nigh life. (Quaint? Yes, and very hu- pcditician. lie had a w ;iy of pei'riug Cluirlie; play the ;iir, ple;ise, and ask 

101 



MEDFOIW, PAST AND PJiESENT 



Jloni-oe to sing the fdlluwino- lines t'nun 
our pen wliicli we otTer as a niudest tribute 
to our loved home : — 

liorn ere fate jjave our nation a name, 
Thy father Freedom, thy mother Love. 

Swung in a cradle where howling came 
tJales from ocean thy coui-age to prove. 

Reared where a river unto thee taught 



Songs which its waters, from lake and hill. 
Among the marshes with swift tides brought 

Thy lieart with nature's .anthems to fill. 
Strong grew you, our dear Mother of Homes, 

Medford, the lea town on Mystic's shore, 
Rich in the glory which to mother comes 

When honored is the offspring she boie. 



of life begins to ti>ucli deep shadows on 
the western slopes, we turn more often 
to them and seek the strength coming 
from their example. May those who cele- 
brate our next anniversary turn with 
ilen whom we have known! As the sun equal pride to us. 




I'KOPOSED CARNE(ilE LIliUARY HUILDLVG, FOR TUFTS COLT.KGE 



Medford's Public Benefadions 




MEDFORD HOME FOR AGKl) MEN AM) WOMEN 



Medford Home for Aged Men and 
W^omen 

Fur many ycai's it had l)t:'en the earnest 
desire of a few iiliilanthroiiio ladies to 
establish in Jledford a home for aged 
men and women. Means were taken to 
ascertain if a sufficient number of people 
were interested to guarantee its success. 
I''ive citizens gave five hundred dollars 
each; lithers subscribed sums ranging 
from one dollar to two hun(lre<l dollars, 
and the project gave promise of fulfill- 
ment. After due deliberation on tlie part 
of the board of managers, consisting of 
twenty-four members and the advisory 
board of five members, the house at (Jli 
South street was purchased and placed 



II jiroper condition for occujiancy. In 
Novendjer tlie Home was incorporated, 
and in February opened for inmates. At 
present there are nine in the family, all 
that can be comfortably accommodated. 
There is sntticient land to build additions 
should the funds be increased by dona- 
tions or beixnests, as has been the case in 
many homes of like nature. 

Any person of sixty-flve years of age, 
who has been a resident of Medford for ten 
years, is eligible for admission, if deemed 
a suitable subject by the managers. 

Sunday afternoon services are con- 
ducted by the clergymen an<l friends in 
the city. All resident physicians have 
offered to respond to calls. 

Since the oiiening, three donations of 
five hundred dollars each, and a valuable 



liitnf land, liavebeen received. Clinrches, 
societies and individuals have shown their 
interest by contributing dinners, provi- 
sions, etc. On Memorial Day of this year 
a large, beautiful flag was thrown to the 
breeze. 

The Helen Porter Fund committee sup- 
ply funds for hiring a nurse as occasion 
demands and furnish needed clothing 
tor tlie inmates. 

The Home is partially maintained by 
annual subscription. During the four 
years of its existence, two fairs have been 
held, a number of entertainments given, 
and sums raised in various ways by the 
managers. 

Visitors are welcome any afternoon, 
and it is especially hojied that old resi- 
dents coming to thecity anniversary week 
w ill avail themselves of tliis opportunity 
of seeing the Medfcjrd Home. 

From the date of its organization Miss 
Alice Ayres has served as president, Mrs. 
Lidlan Bridge as secretary, and (4eorge 
,1. Porter as treasurer. 

The Visiting Nurse Association 

IT is said that "more and more tlie 
charities, the reforms, the humanities 
of every kind are looking to women 
for their maintenance." In our own 
city, if we search for the origin of its two 
public benefactions, we realize the truth 
of this assertion. The public-spirited in- 
dividuals composing Medford's Visiting- 
Nurse Association were called together 
to consider the matter by Miss Fanny 
Ueniis, early in 1000, the formation taking 
place in June of that year. The object is 
to care for the sick who are unable to 
employ the services of a trained nurse. 
It was thought by the members that 
oftentimes there would be cases where 
families, unable ti> add to the many ex- 



MKDFdUlK PAST AM) I'UKsKXT 



penses incidental to sickness that of a 
trained nurse, would most gratefully pay 
a small sum for skillful service once or 
twice a day, a sujiposition that lias proved 
true. The nurses' attendance can be oli- 
tained by applying to any physician ot 
tlie city, or to a member of the board of 
management, the visits always witlioiit 
cost to those unable to pay; but in con- 



ditions where it is possible, it is consid- 
cr'cd best for all concerne<l to receive a 
small fee, the service being 7nore accei)t- 
able than if entirely gratuitous. Since the 
Association began its work, in 11100, the 
nurses have made five thousand four 
liundred and sixty-seven visits; during 
tlie last year, eleven hundred and ninety- 
tliree, of uliiclione hundred and ten were 



paid to one little sufferer. Clothing, bed 
linen and sick room necessities have been 
given or loaned in large quantities. The 
articles loaned are always sterilized be- 
fore the second using. The annual expense 
is a little over one tliousand dollars, 
which is raised by membership fees, sub- 
scriptions and entertainments. The work 
is a good one, deserving encouragement 
from every citizen. 



104 



The We^ern Sedion of Medford 



llV MosKS VVlllTCIIKH JiAN'N 




MUSES WHlTCllEl! MANN 

S.UiAMORE .lnlii|-s (hvi-lliiiK «:ls 
across the river- in l'liarlcsti>wn lie- 
low the Jleiiotoiuy Itiver. 'riiis hit- 
ler is now known as Ali'wil'e lirook. 
.lusl aei'oss llie I ir-ook were corn mills, anil 
the eounlry road from (.'amlii-idiJc' imssed 
over the rivi'r northwaril crossins; the 
"way to the wean'" toward "Ohorn." 
South of Hiu-h street; this has lony heen 
<liseoutinued and forodtten; northward 
it still remains as (Jrove street. 

This was the West Medlor-d of early 
days. .V jioi'tion of t'harlestowir was added 
toil — the sectioir ealli-il .Symnrc's' t'or- 
ner — and in l.s."il taken, iir (lie for'nration 
of the new town of Winehester. It was in 
this section that the Medfoi'd anvernor-, 
.Iidin IJrooks, was horn. .Vbont 1720, the 
town be>>an to be sjioki'n of as the West 
Knd, the Kast ICml. and tlie t'entre, in 
connection with the sulijc-ct of schools. 
The western section liasusnally lii'crr lorr- 
sidered to be that west of Winllir-oi. 
Sqtrar-e. Within this terr-itory the meeting- 



houses were, the first and secoml. thelirst 
sidioolliouse, the tavern, the town iiouiul, 
several mills and hri<'kyar(ls,anda f^'oodly 
nunrher of the dwellinfjs. lon<; since r-e- 
moved and forgotten. 

Through the entiiv length of Iliuir 
street, galloped Revere, and close after 
him went the nrinute men toward Lex- 
iirglon. Returning, they were refresheilat 
tlie Brooks" farm, and over the sanre road 
they brought William I'oUy, tlieir- 
wounded comrade, lioirre to ilie. 

Ill 1802, the Middlesex Canal was birilt 
for neaidy two miles througli the West 
Knd, having a lock landing ami tavern 
here, and was used for lifty years. In 
18:;-t-:i") tlie IJoston and Lowell Railway 
came, revolutionizing the mode of travel 
ami the carrying trade, ami sowing the 
seeils of future progress. The ship build- 
ing interest wa.s served by the new mode 
( pf carriage as well as by the (dd waterway, 
and gi-eat piles of ship timber were un- 
loade<l at the station whi(di was called 
Medford (Jates. 

In the year- 182-), Mar-ipris de ],afayette 
visited .Meilf<.r-il. coirring fi-om Cambridge 
llir-orrgh the West I'ai-ish (,\ r-|ington), anil 
errlei-ing tile town via tin- Wear Bridge, 
passirrg down High street on his way to 
Medford. whei'e he was the gnest of (Jov- 
er-rror- I'.r-ooks. 

In nilo, tire tow n |iur-cliased larrd and a 
large house for- arr alrnshoirse, sorrtir of 

High sti-eet and west of Whitnran Bi k. 

< >rr the site ol this w as brrilt a new hoirse 
of lir-ick. irr 1S12. and as such was used till 
18."i2, when the iirstil ril iorr was r-emoved 
lo tlie rrew ly (-onstrircted house on I'ui-- 
cliase str-eet. 

The liirilding ami land having been sold 
liy the towrr. it was entirely i-emodeled 
in 18.")4, ami with the Mystic Hall build- 
ing erei-ted in 18.")2, and the large mansion 
hoirse on High street adjoining the hall, 
w:is used for sevei-al years as a Young- 
Ladies' .Seniinar-y. This had an e.xtensive 
patronage, ami was irrrder the dir-ection 



of Mrs. Kliza Smith, and in 18.")!) the scl 1 

was removed to Washington, I).C. 

A tire in 18(i4 destroyed all the houses 
between Mystic Hall and the river on the 
left of High street, and but one on the 
right. In 18GG, the house occupied by 
.John Duane was built, and his florists' 
business established in the greenhou.ses 
recently denrolished. Somewheie along 
this road, in the early part of the last 
century, lived the last couple of liberated 
slaves. Sulk and Lucy. 

In the old times thei-e wei-e slaves in 
the households of Jledford. A little way 
irp Grove streetstill stands tile brick wall 
built by I'oinp. (the slave of Thoirras 
Brooks) in frorrt of his master's residerree. 
This was torn down in the lifties and the 
stone mansion hiiill on the hill top. but 
I'ornp's handiwork si ill reniains. after 
one huiuli-ed and twenty-live years. 

In 184."), the ti-ai-t of land lying eastward 
from the i-ailway, and both sides of High 
street was laid out in house lots, and nu- 
merous elms wereplanted along its streets 
which have now attained great size and 
beauty. Writing in 18.")."), Mr. Brooks, Med" 
ford's historian, said, that in nitre years 
thirty-live houses had been bitilt upon 
this tract. As during the last thirty-tive 
years, but two have been demolished, orre 
destroyed by fire, and one removed, these 
thirty-tive may be easily located, and in- 
dicate that uji to 184."), the dwellings of 
the West End were almost eritir-ely along- 
High street with orre or- two oir Wobiri-ri 
street. In 18.">1. the little village was well 
nigh willed oril by the desti-nctive visita- 
tion of the gr-eat tornado. Tw o new liouses 
were entii-ely destroyed, others )iartially 
so, and one nran fatally injured, w Idle 
oi-ehards and fences wer-e upi-ooted and 
carried away. 

In 18.")2, that tei-ritor-y lying west of the 
railroad and south of High street, was 
also plotted by T. V. Sntith. The Middle- 
sex Canal had just been discontinued, 
and its lock and aipieduet across the 



MEBFOTiT), PAST ANT> PRESENT 



river were, for nearly twenty years after, 
])k-tiiresque ruins. Eight houses were 
built upon tliis traet, anil a few trees 
lilanteil, when the death of Mr. Smith 
bronchi tlie enterprise to a standstill, 
and it thus remained till the spring of 
ISTo. when ihi' properly, having passed 
into (Jther ownership, building oijera- 
tions were begun anew. In 1832, a social 
organization called the "West Wedford 
Lyceum and Literary Association" was 
fornieil. and a post oIKce was established. 
With the building of Purchase (now 
Winllirnp) street, the distance to Woburn 
was shortened, and a more level road ob- 
tained. This made Woburn street still 
more, what it was long ago called, a 
■■country road,'" while the business of 
Medford (■i>nci'ntr;Ued near Mcdfiu'd 
Square. 1 

The lirst west district schoolhouse 
(destroyed by the tornado) had given 
place to a new one, made needful by the 
building of the thirty-five houses alluded 
to; and in 'Ch, with remarkable foresight, 
an ampli' lot was secured and a larger 
one built, partly Unished inside, with 
vacant rooms and hall. The lyceum had 
provided for social and literary needs, 
while the worshipful thought found local 
expr<'ssion in the .Methodistclass meeting 
and the mothers' meetings of '()4, and 
these leading to the organization of a 
Sabbath sch.wd in Mystic Hall in ISCm, 
and a Sunday preaching service in lsr,s. 
Both these religious efforts were unde- 
nominational, or union, as sometimes 
caUed, serving well their purposes, till, 
in 1S7-2, two cluirches were organizeil, 
and pr.>ceeded at once to erect houses of 
worship. These were Trinity Methodist 
Kpiscopal, April 1, 1872, and West Med- 
ford Congregational, June 12, 1872. 

In 188!), a Universalist .society was 
fornuid,andworshiiiped in MysticIIall till 
18'.)1, when it discontiiuicd services and 
gave up its (U-ganization. 

In 1891, a primitive Methodist churdi 
was organizeil and continued till 18'.t:'., 
holding its services In Pierce's Hall. In 
1891), the West Medford P.apti.st Church, 
after several months of ptiblic meetings 
in Mystic Uall, made organization and 
erected their tasteful house of worship, 
and was so(ni followed by the Shiloh 
Uaptists, whose modest chapel was dedi- 
cated in December, 1899. The Roman Cath- 
olics for several years have had service.s, 
first a Sabbath school, and later a service 
in llolton Uall, and now are a distinct 
parish known, since March, VM'i, as St. 
Piaphacl's. Contract is already awarded 



for the erection of a new <-hurch edifice 
on High street. 

It will be noticed that the churches 
lirst formed and which have outgrown 
their first houses, were of the same order 
of those located beyond Medford Square; 
while those situated nearer Winthrop 
Square remained, until the present year, 
the only ones of their denomination in the 
city. This tended to increase the individ- 
uality of West Medford. So, in 1884, there 
developed a strong desire to become a 
town. Efforts were made in that direction, 
ami lacked but few votes in the next 
(General Court of being successful. The 
following year the eft'ort was renewed. 
Meanwhile the outlying districts atother 
parts of the town had grown. Old Medford 
had wakened, and by its growth had 
reached the requisite number of inhabi- 
tants at which a city charter might be 
obtained. The petitioners had "leave to 
withdraw." This they did gracefully. 
Those most enthusiastic in favor of sep- 
aration, though regretting that it came 
not to be a fact, in loyalty to the jirinci- 
ples of good citizenship, i-ejoice in all 
that makes for the prosjjerity of the 
whole city, and give their best endeavor 
for its accomplishment. 

The West end is a residential section. 
In 1870, it had but one store, a grocery, 
then but a few years established. At the 
present writing there are nearly forty. 

Mattresses on which quiet slumbers 
may be had are made liere, anil granite 
doni-ste|is for the houses of the living, 
and toudtstones and monuments for the 
dead, are also made, and havebeenfor fifty 
years. Two livery and boarding stables 
supply good teams, and if your auto gets 
cranky and refuses to move, that can be 
made to do so just off from High street. 
These, and the various tradesmen that 
build the dwellings and keep them in re- 
pair, form the local business contingent, 
therefore West Medford is residential. 
Men go elsewhere (and women, too) to 
toil and accumulate, and return licre 
to enjoy the results of their labor — to 
live. The steam railway, whose equiji- 
ment and service would astonish its pro- 
jectors could they return to it, and the 
two divisions of the great electric system 
make this |iossible. (iood roads, well 
kept, occupy the place of the ancient 
ways, and new ones are opened as occa- 
sion requires. 

Take a stroll on Allston street, and 
ascend the hill, — the "Mystic Mount" 
of fifty years ago. "Hastings Heights" 
is the official name it now bears. Walk 



slowly, save your breath, and take in the 
scene. Walk up the steps, or take the 
easier path around. There is the old flag- 
staff, a mast of a Medford-built ship, after 
traversing many seas, and located once 
in Old Medford, then again near Mystic 
Hall, for over thirty-five years has stood 
here on good foundation, the solid rock, 
and bears aloft the bird o' freedom and 
Old (ilory. 

Now asceiul the stone tower and look, 
and what a cyclorania is about you, only 
rivalled in Medford by that from the 
Lawrence tower. Northward stretch the 
Fells, an unbroken sea of foliage, and 
the nearer hills of our own northern 
boumlary, in whose valley and on whose 
wooded sloi)e is the silent city — Oak 
Grove. Heyond is the tapering spire and 
glistening cross of Winchester Church. 
Westward, the Mystic lakes, and the 
wooded hills beyond, stretching away to 
the heights of Arlington, across the val- 
ley up which the British marched once 
and back again. Trace its course by 
the smoke of the locomotive as it climbs 
the hills. Soutlnvard and toward the east, 
spire after sjiire, the gilded dome of the 
State House, and the granite shaft of 
Bunker Hill, and the lofty chimneys, and 
the long bridges. On Medford's southern 
border, and overlapping a little into Som- 
erville, the growing cluster of Tufts Col- 
lege buildings. Now follow the course of 
the Mystic, encircling the west end. Since 
time began, its waters have restlessly 
flowed both ways, and for years have 
borne away the many ships built upon its 
banks. Ere long it will be said of it: 
"There shall be no more sea," and the 
tides will conu' im more. I!ut broader, 
deeper and more beautiful will it be when 
the work of the Park Commission, already 
begun, shall have been completed. 

Below, on every side, lies the subject 
of our sketch, grown in thirty-five years 
from a village of less than one hundred 
houses, with a jiossible population of five 
hundred, to well nigh five thou.sand at 
the present view. Seen from this vantage 
point, it may well be called the Forest 
City. ( )u this anniversary day it is a wav- 
ing mass of green, in which many of the 
residences and streets are hidden. Of the 
various churches, only the great oiien 
tower and shining cross of Trinity is vis- 
ible. Where once the canal boats crejit 
slowly along, the trolley car moves rap- 
idly, but goes notbeneath the granite arch 
built eighty-five years ago and still pre- 
served on the Brooks estate. Instead, it 
turns and follows the route of Paul Re- 



MEDFOJiJ). PAST AND PHESENT 



were, covering a distance in t«o Imuis 
that the eanal required all day to do. 

Soon after that bridge was bnilt, its 
owner, Mr. Brooks, planted tlic trees in 
the triangular park between Grove and 
High .streets, and enclosed it with a sub- 
stantial fence, — the beginning of the 
park system. Through his estate and 
those of the other Brooks families ex- 
tends Grove street toward and into Win- 
chester, terminating at S.yninies' corner, 
where was the Le Bosquet House, the 
birthplace of Governor Brooks. 

After passing the Brooks mansion 
(erected in 1802), the sidewalk disap- 
pears and the stone walls on either side 
are vine-covered, and the roadway bor- 
dered with turf and shrub for the entire 
distance, — a beautiful drive, with broad 
fields on either side, and sloping gently 
away to the lake and parkway. No more 
beautiful view can be found than that 
seen by looking across the Mystic Upper 
Lake, but possibly equalled by a look 
back from the other side toward this. 

Walk around the stone railway station, 
built in 1885, the first of the new ones of 
this division, and unique in design. Stroll 
along High street and note the spreading 
elms that arch the way, and bless the 
foresight of the planters of them. The 
church and the schoolhouse are near to- 
gether as of ol<l, but though unlike the 
old, are worthy representatives of the 
city's growth. At the height of the laml 
note the colonial mansion, another Brooks 
residence, that of Medford's historian of 
halt a century ago, the Reverend Charles 
Brooks. Next beyond and close to the side- 
walk, with towering chimneys and gam- 
brel roof, one still older — that of his 
father, .lonathan Brooks. Note the simi- 
larit.y of direction of this Woburn street 
or "Oborn rode," as the early town record 
has it,\vith the other \\'ol>urn road. Grove 
street. But no trees are in the triangle, 
and here none are needed. The three great 
sycamores before the house lean well for- 
ward and reaih their long arms in loving 



shade across the street. More than si.xty 
years the busy travel has been diverted, 
but the trees have kept on growing hence 
all along the way; and to-day no pleas- 
anter location can be found for homes 
retired and beautiful. 

But these are not the only streets; they 
are but the main artery and outer circle 
of a net-work of well lighted and shady 
ways in this homelike section of Med- 
ford. Ft)r while the West End has its fra- 
ternal orders and Neighborhood Club, 
as well as the various church societies, it 
is an aggregation of homes ; conipa ratively 
few houses being double, and apartment 
houses fewer still. 

But what of the people that have made 
it what it is? According to the average of 
human life the schocd children of to-day 
that throng our streets and schoolhouses 
are the eighth generation from .John Win- 
throp's time, .June 17, Itjoll. 

Of the earliest ones we know Imt little 
in detail, and that gathere<l for iis in after 
years by the patient research of the his- 
torian. We real) the result of their labors 
and read of theirstrugglesand privations 
endured, and wonder what manner of 
men and women they were. l)f later ones 
we know jierhaps less, unless indeed they 
bore a part in the Kevidutionary strife, 
or their descendants have reiuaineil on 
the old ll,>HH'slends. 

A little later, and from the annual im- 
ports of our towns, we may gatlicr meagre 
facts, and read between the lines. Some 
of the old names and old-fashioned fami" 
lies remain, but the great majority are 
new. Truly the fashion of this world 
changeth. 

The [lious deacon. .Inlm Whitman, wlio 
once livi'd on High street, where the 
Ferguson Building now is, has none to 
bear his name here ; the great elm tree is 
gone, only the brook near by, and that 
even in danger of losing its identity in 
the Playstead. The same location for the 
last fifty years has been associated w ith 



the name of Usher. His name was given 
to the bridge at Harvard avenue, and later 
to one of the new streets near by, as also 
Mr. Brooks to another and to the scho(d 
in '.jl. There is Hastings Park, a Wyman 
street, a Gleason School and street, and 
a Hall School. Aside from these, no family 
names are thus ai>proi)riated for our daily 
use and remembrance. 

A few names are memorialized upon the 
windows of the Jlethodist Episcojial and 
Baptist churches, but unless the church 
records are exi>licit, after a few years the 
question will be vaiidy asked, " Who were 
these men and women? " Perchance the 
answer may be given : "No one bears the 
name here now; they were remembered 
thus becau.se of their interest and labors 
for the church." So has it been during 
the history of the city from the earliest 
time. Thomas Willis, who gave the land 
for tlic lirst meeting house, .John Brad- 
shaw, Timothy Wheeler, and later the 
various Brooks', and as the years have 
come and gone and with them the peo- 
ple, eacli has added to the effort in the 
march of progress, making the city what 
it is to-day. 

During the last fifty years, and esjie- 
cially the last thirty-five, has been the 
remarkable growth of the West End, and 
of the whide city as well. It is time the 
liistory of Jledford was rewritten; be- 
ginning where the Reverend Charles 
Brooks left it, and correcting a few errors 
in that, now known to exist, and bringing 
it in completeness to the present time, a 
period of fifty years. 

When this shall be done, it will be seen 
what tlie Meadford, ■• up thi' Mistick 
lliver six miles." of li).;ii, .lune IT, has 
grown unto. Let us hope that those of 
to-day who celebrali' the two hundred and 
seventy-fifth return i.f our city's natal 
day, that shall witness the tercentemiial, 
may find the West End the dwelling place 
of a (iod serving, nuiii loving, and law 
abiding people. 



MKDFOlllK PAST AND PRESENT 




BENJAMIN F. HAYES 
DANIEL \V. LAWREN<E 



EDWAUU ItltODIiS 

MEDFORD SAVIN(;S BANK PRESIDENTS 

108 



UAXIEL A. GLKASON 
HENRY HASTINGS 



Medford Savings Bank 



About the opening of the year IStii), 
three gentlemen of Medford believing 
that the town should have some sort 
of savings institution vi'ithin its bor- 
ders, began to consider the question 
seriously, and petitioned the legisla- 
ture for an act allowing them to in- 
corporate such an institution. The 
act was duly passed and signed by 
Governor Claflin. 

A meeting of the corporators named 
in the act of the legislature establish- 
ing the Medford Savings Bank was 
held on Thursday, April 1, 1S09, at 
the house of Edward Brooks in West 
Medford, the three corporators being 
present. Mr. Brooks was chairman of 
the meeting' and John Ayers was clerk. 
Honorable Daniel A. Gleason swore 
the officers to a faithful performance 
of their duties. 

The charter of the corporation was 
accepted, after which it was voted to 
invite the following gentlemen to join 
as associate members: .Jonas Coburn, 
Thomas S. Harlow, Daniel A. Gleason, 
Elezar IJdynton. Junior. Horace A. 
Breed, Daniel W. Wilcox, Horace D. 
Hall, Nathan W. Bridge. A. S. Lin- 
coln, Charles C. Stevens. John B. 
Hatch, Thatcher Magoun, Jr., Joshua 
T. Foster. James O. Curtis, Luther 
Farwell, Richard P. Hallowell, Benja- 
min H. Samson. William A. Russell, 
Peter C. Hall. Daniel W. Lawrence, 
James P. Richardson, William C. Ras- 
kins, William C. Sprague, T. B. John- 
son, Charles M. Barrett, William M 
Cudworth. Charles Brooks, Henry T. 
Wood. Jonas Bennett. Benjamin F. 
Hayes and Nicholas White. 

These gentlemen were representa- 
tive men of the old town at the time 
of their selection. Most of them have 
passed away, leaving Messrs. Gleason 
Richardson and Lawrence still inter- 
ested in the bank. 

The by-laws of the corporation were 
accepted. They were similar in form 
to existing institutions at the time, 
but the object set forth a taking fea- 
ture in that "persons in moderate 



L-ircumstances were to be proviiled 
with a secure investment for small 
sums of money." 

Thus it will be seen that the bank 
was not to be for the benefit of the 
rich, and that idea has been carried 
along to the present time, the G.400 
depositors being distributed among 
persons in moderate circumstances, 
who have been led to save money 
which they otherwise would have 
spent needlessly. 

Another meeting was held April 12, 
pursuant to adjournment, when Ed- 
ward Brooks was unanimously elected 
president, 28 voting, showing that of 
the 31 gentlemen who had been in- 
vited to join the institution nearly all 
had responded heartily. 

A committee reported for vice-presi- 
dents: Messrs. Henry Hastings, Elea- 
zer Boynton. Jr., and Joshua T. Fos- 
ter ; for trustees, Benjamin P. Hayes, 
D. W. Lawrence, Daniel A. Gleason. 
Thomas S. Harlow. Henry Hastings. 
James O. Curtis, Luther Farwell, 
Thatcher Magoun, Junior, William C. 
Haskins, Richard P. Hallowell, James 
P. Richardson, John Ayres. Thatcher 
Magoun. Junior, was chosen secretary 
Peter C. Hall. Thomas S. Harlow and 
A. S. Lincoln were selected as an 
auditing committee. 

At this meeting George L. Barr. 
George F. Spalding, John Botume, 
junior, and Baxter F.. IVrry were added 
til the corporation. 

The incorporators were not hiding 
their light under a bushel, for they 
voted that the secretary insert a no- 
tice of the proceedings in two of the 
newspapers published in this vicinity. 

On April 21. 1869, the board of in- 
vestment, which consisted of Messrs 
Curtis, Gleason, Farwell. Haskins and 
Magoun, were given full powers to 
buy a safe, hire a room and purchase 
books for the treasurer, and on the 
twenty-seventh they met again and 
reported that a room in Usher's block. 
High street, had been engaged. 



The trustees on the fifteenth of 
April had done considerable business, 
such as voting to open the bank on 
Tuesdays and Saturdays from eight to 
nine P. M. eacii week, elected John B. 
Hatch treasurer, but who declined the 
office and at a subsequent meeting 
Herbert Magoun was chosen. 

Mr. Magoun had had experience 
with one of the large Boston institu- 
tions, and he rendered the bank in- 
valuable service in the organization 
and arrangement of its internal op- 
erations. He continued this service 
until April, 1875, when the increase 
of the business demanded more of his 
time than he could spare from his 
regular work. He has continued his 
interest in the bank, however, and is 
a constant and punctual attendant at 
the meetings of the corporation- 
where his counsel has been vahaable 
and welcome. 

The bank was duly opened May 5, 
1869, in a corner room on the wester- 
ly side of Usher's block. The first 
deposit was made by Silas F. Wild 
and Godfrey Rider, Junior, as trus- 
tees of S. C. Lawrence Post 66, G. A. 
R., of $350, and the book is still in 
active use. There were seventy- 
eight depositors on that first Wednes- 
day, the total sum amounting to 
$4,144. 

It was decided that opening the 
bank once a week would suffice and 
so it was continued to open only on 
Wednesdays. 

That the bank began to be a paying 
investment from the first is seen in 
the fact that it paid a three per cent, 
semi-annual dividend November 1 of 
the year it opened on its $23,457, and 
this rate of dividend was continued 
until May 1, 1876. on $281,383.95, when 
a two and a half per cent, was sub- 
stituted, until November 1, 1880, on 
$349,317.89. since which time the bank 
has paid a two per cent, semi-annual 
dividend continuously, which amount 



loa 



MEDFOTin. PAfiT AXJ) PUKSKXT 




MKDFORD SAVI^'GS BANK HLILDING 



is higher than is at present paid by 
many similar institutions. 

The banlc has also paid five extra 
dividends. 

The bank continued to increase in 
popularity from its opening until the 
present hour. New trustees were add- 
ed as old ones passed away or re- 
signed, new officers were elected, new 
depositors came and new investments 
were secured. It Is a matter of con- 
siderable note that the bank has been 
exceedingly fortunate in having a 
board of investment who have made 
safe loans. 

The bank commenced a semi-week- 
ly opening on Tuesday, April 20, 1886, 
and continued this custom until the 
opening of the new building, Septem- 
ber 30, 1890. 

The trustees voted about eighteen 
months previously to this latter date 
to erect a new building. Land was 
bought on High street, first the pres- 
ent George W. Green store and then 
the old Simpson tavern, originally the 
Seccomb Hoiise, but subsequently an 
exchange was made with General S. C, 
Lawrence whereby the bank was to 
build on its present site, at the cor- 
ner of High street and Bradley road. 



on the site of the former residence 
of Governor Brooks. Work was soon 
begun. John R. Hall was the archi- 
tect and Donahue Brothers were the 
contractors. The cost of the new 
building and furnishings was about 
$25,000. The banking room was 
ready for occupancy, as before stated, 
September 30, 1890. 

Eliza A. Marrett made the first de- 
posit in the new banking room, which 
was $20. 

The first loan made by the bank 
was May 15, 1869, on real estate 
owned by Abner J. Phipps, now de- 
ceased, for the sum of $3,000 at seven 
and three-tenths per cent, interest. 

Since the bank has been in business 
there have been 15,400 new accounts 
opened and there are now 6.300 in 
operation. 

It may be of interest to the reader 
to learn something about the incor- 
porators of the bank. John Ayres 
had been a long time resident who 
had always manifested great interest 
in the town's affairs. He was short in 
stature but broad in intellect and of 
most honest intentions. 
Eleazar Boynton, Junior, was Jlr. 
Ayres' close friend, and also a lover 



of Medford's prosperity. He was a 
town officer and his political career 
culminated with the office of senator. 
He died June 5, 191)1. 

Edward Brooks can safely be called 
the "father of the bank," as it was he 
who first suggested it to Henry Hast- 
ings and Mr. Ayres, and enlisted the 
attention of Honorable D. A. Gleason, 
then a young man, in order to secure 
the interest of the younger class in 
the new organization. Mr. Brooks 
was an officer in the Provident In- 
stitution for Savings at the time he 
was agitating the new bank in Med- 
ford and knew the business well. Mr. 
Gleason was a bright young lawyer 
who had held town office and was 
noted for his good judgment in many 
ways. He thoroughly understood the 
things the new incorporators need to 
know. It was a most fortunate Idea 
that suggested itself to Mr. Brooks 
to invite Mr. Gleason to attend the 
first bank meeting, for thereby the 
bank made a firm friend who has re- 
mained true to its welfare from the 
date of its incorporation to the pres- 
ent time. He has been trustee, on the 
board of investment, was attorney for 
the bank for nearly twenty years and 
elected president April 8, 1901, which 
position he now retains — for over 
thirty-five years an able official of the 
institution. 

Henry Hastings was another of the 
staunch incorporators who had faith in 
the measure and who gave of his 
time and counsel liberally. He was 
one of the vice-presidents and trus- 
tees at the inception and was elected 
the second president after the retire- 
ment of Mr. Brooks. He died August, 
1887, highly respected and leaving a 
memory of which any man might 
well feel proud. 

Benjamin F. Hayes was another 
valued official and did yeoman's ser- 
vice in helping the new institution 
gei a fine start. He was a trustee 
many years, was on the board of in- 
vestment and bank attorney for a 
long period. He was elected presi- 
dent April, 1899, and died January 
31, 1901. 

Richard P. Hallowell was another 
important factor in propelling the 
bank's welfare, as trustee and auditor 
and, later, vice-president. He died 
January 5, 1904. 

James O. Curtis had an opportunity 
to show his ability, which was well 
recognized as financier, by being put 
into positions of trust as trustee and 
member of the investment committee, 
of which he was chairman nearly 
thirty years. What Mr. Curtis ad- 
vised was always carefully heeded for 



MEDFOHn, PAST AX I) PTIESENT 



its conservative wisdom and great 
weight. He died Marcli 3, 1890. 

Jonas Coburn was anotlier financial 
authority and gave much of his time 
as trustee. He died April 29, 1889, 
but lived long enough to see the bank 
a power for good in tlie community. 

Thomas Stetson Harlow was one ot 
the good thinkers in the town not 
only in the banking line but in the 
town affairs. He was what could 
easily be called '"an honest lawyer" 
and his honesty showed itself in con- 
sidering the bank's interest and prog- 
ress. He helped the new institution 
in an able degree. Mr. Harlow died 
March 28, 1901. 

Daniel W. Lawrence can lay claim, 
were he not so exceedingly modest, 
to being the "grand man" of the bank 
from his first position as an original 
incorporator, through the offices of 
secretary, trustee, auditor of trus- 
tees, board of investment, treasurer, 
through several terms and finally ac- 
cepting the presidency from Septem- 
ber 2, 1887, to April 10, 1899, when 
he declined re-election. He was great- 
ly interested in the erection of the 
new building and gave the bronze tab- 
let that adorns the exterior of the 
edifice. His concern in the bank is 
still maintained and will be so long 
as he lives, no doubt. He was one ot 
the bank's best depositors at the com- 
mencement, placing goodly sums 
therein for each member of his family. 
William C. Haskins was another of 
the young men who took kindly to 
the new institution, and was instru- 
mental in giving it a good start. He 
was one of the best citizens that Med- 
ford ever possessed, and his untimely 
death February 17, 1892, was a terrible 
blow to the welfare of the city, which 
was then coming to be a municipality 
J. Gilman Waite has been clerk of 
the corporation since April 12, 1875, 
and has served as trustee. He can 
always be counted on to give of his 
time and advice whenever either is 
solicited. 

Judge William Gushing Wait is a 
member of the corporation and was 
elected a vice-president March 11, 
1904. 

William P. Martin is the present at- 
torney of the bank, having been ap- 
pointed to succeed the late Judge 
Hayes. That the selection was a ju- 
dicious one, the thoughtfulness and 
ability which Mr. Martin manifests in 
the administration of his affairs shows 
most clearly. 

Edwin C. Burbank has been a trust- 
worthy clerk at the bank for eleven 



years and Alonzo B. Evans is the 
courteous and able janitor. Both are 
favorites with the public and both do 
their best to please patrons. 

Among others who might be men- 
tioned in one capacity or another are 
Charles M. Barrett, John Botume, 
Junior, Charles Brooks, Nathan W. 
Bridge, Charles H. Barnes, Wal- 
lace W. Benjamin, Joseph A. 
Chapin, Frank E. Chandler, William 
M. Cudworth, Joshua T. Foster, Lu- 



Clerk, J. Gilman Waite. 

Trustees, Daniel A. Gleason, James 
I'. Richardson, J. Henry Norcross, J. 
Gilman Waite, Rosewell B. Lawrence 
Norwood P. Hallowell, William B. 
Lawrence, Edward F. Allen, Joseph 
A. Chapin, Frank E. Chandler, Ed- 
ward S. Randall. Frederick H. Kid- 
der, William P. Martin, Sidney Glea- 
son, George O. Foster, Charles H. 
Parker, Charles B. Gleason. 

Auditing Committee, William N. Ho- 




DAMEL X. GLE.l.SU.N 



ther Farwell, Frank E. Foster, George 
O. Foster, Sidney Gleason, Charles B. 
Gleason, Fred H. Kidder, Rosewell B. 
Lawrence. William B. Lawrence, Ben- 
jamin C. Leonard. A. S. IJncoln. Her- 
bert Magoun, Thatcher Magoun, 
Junior, Joseph K. Manning. William 
P. Martin, J. Henry Norcross, James 
P. Richardson, Edward S. Randall, 
and Lombard Williams, who have or 
are now holding offices in the bank. 

The present officers of the bank 
are: 

President, Daniel A. Gleason. 

Vice-Presidents. Samuel C. I.,aw- 
rence. William Gushing Wait. 



mer, Josiah E. Gates, Harry B. Ballon. 

Board of Investment, Daniel A. 
Gleason, Frank E. Chandler, Edward 
S. Randall, Edward F. Allen, Charles 
H. Parker. 

This is, in brief, a history of the 
Savings Bank which from small be- 
ginnings has grown to large propor- 
tions. 

When Mr. Buss became treasurer in 
September, 188.5, the deposits were 
$516,lfi0.fi5. The guarantee fund was 
$9,800, the profit and loss $16,480.60. 
On the first of May. 1905, the deposits 
amounted to $2,378,421.10. the guar- 
antee fund was $87,000 and the un- 



MEDFOni). P.isT Ayjj PUESEJVT 



divided earnings and profit and loss 
amounted to ?5S,826.56. 

Honorable Daniel Angell Gleason, 
president of the Medt'ord Savings 
Bank, was born in "the heart of the 
Commonwealth," the city of Worces- 
ter, May 9, 1836, a son of John Fiske 
and Maria (Tourtelette) Gleason. 
After attending the public schools of 
his native city he entered Harvard 
University at the remarkably youth- 
ful age of sixteen, and was graduated 
in four years with high honors. He 
first taught a private school in Mead- 
ville, Pennsylvania, studying law at 
intervals between teaching and rest. 
He was admitted to the Pennsylvania 
bar in Crawford county in 1859, and 
in a year returned to Boston. In 1860, 
he was graduated from Harvard Law 
School with the degree of LL. B., and 
spent nearly a year thereafter in the 
law office of Chandler & Shattuck.. 
At this time he assisted Professor 
Washburn in the preparation of his 
work on "Easements," and later edit- 
ed Bouvier's celebrated law dictionary, 
his revision still remaining as a stand- 
ard legal work. 

Mr. Gleason was admitted to the 
Suffolk bar in 1861, and in another 
year commenced practice in Boston 
as an assistant in Attorney-General 
Dwight Foster's office. In 1864, he 
was asked to accept the position of 
deputy tax commissioner, from which 
he passed to be commissioner of cor- 
porations, established in 1870. There 
he remained until 1881, when the state 
chose him to be the state treasurer, 
and he filled the legal term of five 
years with superior tact and ability, 
retiring in 1886 with the approval of 
his fellow-citizens throughout the 
state, and with inner self-conscious- 
ness of having done his whole duty. 
To go into the many details wherein 
Mr. Gleason had rendered signal ser- 
vice for the state, embracing legal 
and political experience, put to high 
use, would betray some of Mr. Glea- 
son's insistent confidences to the 
writer. Suffice it to say, the State of 
Massachusetts can never fully appre- 
ciate what Mr. Gleason did in behalf 
of the state's important interests for 
the entire five years he was the able 
treasurer. He returned to the prac- 
tice of law, and because of the pe- 
culiar and varied experience he had 
enjoyed for many years, he reaped a 
year's most flattering business, and 
at the close the directors of the 
Fitchburg railroad asked him to ac- 
cept the treasurership of the corpora- 
tion, which position he still retains. 



Mr. Gleason was married in Roxbury, 
January 7, 1863, to Annie L., daugh- 
ter of Richard and Mary A. (Henry) 
Hall. They came to Medford, where 
they have since resided. They have 
five children, all of whom inherit the 
high character, marked ability and 
eminent social standing of their 
parents. 

Mr. Gleason was elected a member 
of the school board in 1864, and con- 
tinued until 18S5, and was the able 
chairman for eighteen years. He was 
intimately connected with the intro- 
duction of water into the town, and 
was water commissioner from 1869 to 
1892. Thus it will be seen that Mr. 
Gleason has served the old town in 




( 11-\RLES K. BUSS 

a manner to be called "Honorable" in 
the full significance of the term. 

In connection with this sketch of 
Mr. Gleason it is proper to state that 
he is of Revolutionary descent, his 
great-grandfather and his son coming 
to Lexington at the outbreak of the 
war, and taking part with the minute 
men, while the son remained through 
the siege of Boston, serving the nine 
months' term. 

Mr. Gleason is greatly interested in 
genealogy and is proud of an intimate 
acquaintance with about 4,iiimi Glea- 
sons through his research among the 
archives of genealogy in which he is 
a great student. His valuable library 
is replete with books in this and his- 
torical lines. 



Mr. Gleason is a member of Mt. 
Hermon Lodge and Mystic Chapter, 
and is prominent in the New England 
Genealogical Society. 

Charles Baker Buss, the present 
treasurer of the savings bank, was 
born at the west end of Boston, Au- 
gust 15, 1851, and accordingly has 
just passed his fifty-third birthday. 
He was educated in the public schools 
of Boston, closing the course of his 
instruction with the grammar grade 
His first occupation was in the hard- 
ware business with N. B. Stevens & 
Company, with whom he remained 
tov nine years, the latter part of which 
which he had an interest on his own 
behalf. The Boston fire of 1872 
crippled the firm as it did many 
others, and young Buss was forced to 
seek employment elsewhere. He had 
removed to Medford three years be- 
fore, and when the town wanted the 
services of a competent and syste- 
matic water registrar, Mr. Buss was 
selected for the position. He fulfilled 
this duty until 1885, when the savings 
bank of which he was treasurer, re- 
quired the whole of his time, he hav- 
ing divided it with the town and the 
iiank, and, accordingly Mr. Buss re- 
signed the town office. 

The success of the institution may 
wisely be attributed to the broad and 
general knowledge of the men whose 
aljility has been set forth in the early 
portion of the article; but had not the 
details been carefully attended to by 
ihe able treasurer, Mr. Buss, the suc- 
cess would not have been so complete 
as it is. He is the ideal custodian of 
ihe public's money, and has proved 
; lio wisdom of the choice in selecting 
him. 

He was married October 15, 1873, 
to Miss Caroline Herrick Meldram, in 
this city. They have had three chil- 
dren, two of whom, Walter Herman 
and Kate Meldram, are now living. 
The son is a Boston broker on his own 
account. 

Mr. Buss is a member of Mt. Her- 
mon Lodge, A. R. and A. M.. of the 
A. O. U. W.. of the Royal Arcanum, 
Medford Club, and associate member 
of Post 66, G. A. R., and of the Law- 
rence Light Guard. He has resided 
at 26 Hillsdale avenue for the past 
four years. 

Mr. Buss has revolutionary blood in 
his veins. His great-grandfather was 
a minute man from Leominster, and 
was one of the first to offer his ser- 
vices to the patriots. 



112 



The Medford Po^ Office 



I'lY TliVIXd 1!. FAI!M M 




rOSTMASTEK NUUCUO.SS ANU CI.lCl'.lvS 



The ileilfiiril pc^t ortiuc was estab- 
lished in September, 1797. At that 
time there were but five hundred and 
fifty-four ofiices in the United States. 

Samuel Buell was appointed the 
first postmaster of Medford by Presi- 
dent John Adams. Jacob Habersham 
was postmaster general. The post- 
oflice was located in Mr. Buell 's store 
on the site of the city hall. 

The records of the department show 
that Mr. Buell's first quarterly report 
was made January 1, 1798. 

Mr. Buell served as postmaster un- 
til January 21, 1813, being succeeded 
by William Rogers who continued the 
office in the same building previously 
occupied by Mr. Buell. Mr. Rogers 
continued postmaster until the ap- 
pointment of Luther Angier, May 27, 
1828. Mr. Angier removed the office to 
his drug store which was located on 
the present site of the city hall near 
the city collector's office. 



Mr. Angier was succeeded by Sam- 
uel S. Green April 6. 1839 and the of- 
fice removed to Mr. Green's store in 
the Hall building. High street, now 
occupied by George W. Green. Mr. 
Green served until April 8, 1841. when 
Luther Angier was again appointed 
postmaster. He removed the office to 
his store on Main street now occupied 
by D. N. Howard. July 19, 1845. Sam- 
uel S. Green again succeeded Mr. An- 
gier moving the office back to the 
Hall building. Alexander Gregg suc- 
ceeded Mr. Green, July 30, 1847, and 
removed the office to his grocery store 
in the building on Riverside avenue, 
(then Ship street) now used by the 
Boston & Maine railroad for an en- 
gine house. J. T. Floyd was appointed 
postmaster May 29, 1849. His place of 
business being in the railroad depot 
on Main street, the postofflce was re- 
moved there. Mr. Floyd served four 
years being succeeded by J. C. Win- 



neck. August 23, 1853, and for the next 
six years the office was in Mr. Win- 
neck's store on High street on the site 
of the building now occupied by the 
George Nichols Company. On October 
21, 1859, Alvah N. Cotton was appoint- 
ed postmaster and removed the of- 
fice to his place of business in the 
building on High street now occupied 
by Warren H. Keay. 

April 22, 18G1, George Hervey suc- 
ceeded Mr. A. X. Cottf)n. UKiving the of- 
fice into his store in the railroad build- 
ing on Main street. Mr. Hervey died 
while in office and his son, Geo. C. Her- 
vey, was appointed July 18, 1868, to 
fill the vacancy. During Mr. Hervey's 
term an assistant postmaster vras ap- 
pointed for the first tivac in the his- 
tory of the office, the late Alfred Ste- 
vens receiving the appointment. John 
H. Eames succeeded Mr. Hervey March 
17. 1870. The business of the office 
had so largely increased it was nec- 



ii:i 



MEDFOI'.I). I'.tST .WD PliKSEyr 



essary to obtain larger quarters and 
through the efforts of Mr. Eames a 
building was erected on Riverside ave- 
nue by Henry W. Bigelow and the of- 
fice moved there. Mr. Barnes was hon- 
ored by several reappointments, mak- 
ing a continuous service of fifteen 
years which was satisfactory in every 
respect, and but for ill health he would 
probably have remained in office sev- 
eral years longer. 

During Mr. Eames' administration of 
the offlce great improvements were 
made in the postal service, some of 
which were extended to Medford. 

The Domestic Money Order system 
was first introduced into the Medford 
oflice July 1, 1S7S. The issue and 
payment of postal notes was authoriz- 
ed March 3, 1S83. The first postal note 
issued in Medford was dated Septem- 
ber 3, 1883. 

The Special Delivery system was in- 
troduced in 1885. Edward Gowing 
and David W. Cronin were appointed 
special delivery messengers. 

Miss Fannie Nicholson was Mr. 
Eames' assistant. Owing to contin- 
ued ill health, Mr. Eames resigned in 
September, 1885. 

Frank T. Spinney succeeded Mr. 
Eames, his appointment dating from 
September 28, 1885. The office re- 
mained in the same building as previ- 
ously occupied by Mr. Eames. 

In 18S8, the business had again in- 
creased beyond the capacity of the 
building and an addition was erected 
nearly as large as the original. The 
free delivery service was extended to 
Medford, October 1, 1889. The le'tter 
carriers appointed were George D. 
Booker, Nathaniel E. Cincere, Herbert 
A. Coleman, Michael J. Healey and 
Benjamin P. Witham. John J. Ma- 
honey was appointed substitute car- 
rier. 

Mr. Booker resigned after a few 
months' service and Alger R. Brooks 
was appointed to fill the vacancy. 

Messrs. Cincere, Coleman and With- 
am died while in the service. John J 
Mahoney, Edward J. Connors, and 
Danial W. Cronin were appointed to 
fill the vacancies. Additional carriers 
appointed during Mr. Spinney's term 
were John F. W. Ames and Robert J. 
McGuire. Substitute carriers were Ar- 
thur B. Redding and John K. O'Brien. 

Miss Linda Levering was Mr. Spin- 



ney's first assistant, serving in that 
position until April 1, 1892. Miss Delia 
Spinney was appointed clerk, but died 
after a few months' ser\ice. Miss Nel- 
lie Sullivan was appointed clerk in the 
spring of 1886, and served until 1890. 
Miss A. Virginia Spinney was also a 
clerk from 1889 until Fcliruary, 1891. 

Upon the resignation of Miss Sul- 
livan, Charles H. Holbrook was ap- 
pointed in her place. He resigned 
April 30, 1891, and Irving B. Farnum 
succeeded him. On April 1, 1892, Mr. 
Farnum was appointed assistant post- 
master, and Miss Linda Lovering, 
money order and registry clerk. Miss 
Lovering resigned June 30, 1894 owing 
to poor health after nine years of 
very faithful and conscientious work, 

John J. Ward, previously a special 
delivery messenger was appointed a 
clerk on March 1, 1894. Mr. Ward suc- 
ceeded Miss Lovering as money order 
and registry clerk and is still employ- 
ed in that capacity. 

Louis W. Cummings was appointi.'d 
clerk October 1, 1894, but resigned af- 
ter one year's service to enter the em- 
ploy of I. H. Ballon & Co., Boston. 

Nathan H. Wait was a clerk from 
Oct. 19. 1894, to May 10. 1896, resign- 
ing to accept a position in the city 
engineer's department. 

Benjamin Witherell was the next 
clerk to be appointed and is still in 
the service. 

Mr. Spinney was reappointed by 
President Harrison and again by 
President Cleveland. 

The business of the offlce steadily in- 
creased and Mr. Spinney made several 
attempts to larger quarters but was 
not successful. 

Mr. Spinney was very thorough in 
all the details of his ofiice and was 
considered one of the best informed 
postmasters in the United States. 

In May. 1895, the Postmaster Gen- 
eral, John Wanamaker, called to the 
department at Washington for a con- 
ference seven postmasters from vari- 
ous parts of the country who had in- 
terested themselves in the postoffice 
service. Mr. Spinney was one of Mr. 
Wanamaker's selections and was elect- 
ed secretary of the conference which 
sat for three days. 

Mr. Spinney resigned as postmaster 
on June 14, 1897, owing to poor health 



and was immediately succeeded by J. 
Henry Norcross. 

Mr. Norcross saw soon after his ap- 
pointment that larger quarters and a 
more modern equipment was neces- 
sary to accomplish satisfactory work. 

The matter was taken up with the 
department and after repeated at- 
tempts work was commenced in Sep- 
tember, 1900, on an addition to the obi 
building. 

This wa.s completed and a new 
equipment installed January 1, 1901. 

Mr. Norcross has been a resident of 
Medford since 1858, and has since been 
very closely identified with her af- 
fairs, serving on important committees 
and offices under both town and city 
government. He was elected two 
terms as representative to the General 
Court, 1889-90. 

He stands very high with the post- 
office department for the (omplete ami 
efficient methods which are now in 
use. 

The appointments under Mr. Nor- 
cross have been: Regular carriers, Ar- 
thur B. Redding, John H. O'Brien, Jo- 
seph E. St. Denis. Horace U. Tucker 
and Thomas G. Casey. Substitute car- 
riers, George P. Moore*, Almon L. 
Richardson, Frank G. Bakom, William 
P. French* and Thomas F. Burke*. 
Clerks, William J. Carroll and William 
H. Hourihan. 

*Resigned. 

There are four stations of the main 
office located as follows- 

Station 1, Spring and Myrtle streets: 
Station 2, Tufts Square, South Med- 
ford; Station 3, Boston avenue and 
Winthrop street; Station 4, Salem and 
Park streets. 

Post oHicf suiiplies of all kinds can 
be purchased, money orders issued and 
paid and registered letters dispatched 
from the stations. 

Organization of the postoffice; J. 
Henry Norcross, postmaster; Irving B. 
Farnum. assistant postmaster; John J. 
Ward, money order and registry clerk; 
Benjamin Witherell, stamp clerk; Wil- 
liam J. Carroll, mailing clerk; Wil- 
liam N. Hourihan, mailing clerk; and 
twelve letter carriers with two sub- 
stitutes, William H. Frazier, clerk in 
charge Station 1; James Morrison, 
clerk in charge Station 2; Pliny C. 
Chandler, clerk in charge of Station 3; 
James E McKeon, clerk in charge of 
Station i 



114 



Secret and Benefit Orders 



BV MORTIMKR E. WlI^BER 



Masonic 




C. D. TUCKER 

Freemasonry in Medford has many 
adherents, who take high rank among 
the most eminent in city, state and 
nation. A very large number of Med- 
ford's citizens are affiliated with Ma- 
sonic bodies in other cities and towns, 
while not neglecting the three bodies 
identified with this city. 

Mount Hermon Lodge, which cele- 
brated its fiftieth anniversary in 1904, 
was chartered September 12, 1854, upon 
petition of George Hervey, Elisha Stet- 
son. Elbridge G. Currell, Hiram South- 
worth, Samuel C. Lawrence, Cleopas E. 
Johnson. Charles E. Merrill. James 
Ford. John T. White. Samuel Kidder, 
A. Hervey Gardner, Thomas R. Peck 
and William Crook. 



Of these, Samuel C. Lawrence is the 
only living member. The lodge was 
instituted on November .t, 1854, with 
George Hervey. master; Elisha Stet- 
son, senior warden; John T. White, 
junior warden; Hiram iSouthworth, 
treasurer; Elbridge G. Currell. secre- 
tary: Cleopas B. Johnson, senior dea- 
con; Charles E. Merrill, junior deacon. 
Meetings have been held in the hall 
over the Boston & Maine station, at 
the centre, since the Lodge starte<l. 

Of the officers of the Lodge, Parker 
R. Litchfield has been secretary forty- 
three years consecutively, a length of 
time unequalled by anyone holding a 
similar office in the State. George B. 
Green has a like record, his term as 
treasurer having been thirty-eight 
years. Henry C. De Long has been chap- 
lain twenty-five years, and George W. 
W. Saville has been marshal twenty- 
two years. 

Officers serving in 1905 are: Charles 
D. Tuoker, worshipful master; Charles 

B. Dunham, senior warden; Henry W. 
Dorr, junior warden; George B. Green, 
treasurer; Parker R. Litchfield, secre- 
tary; Reverend Henry C. DeLong, chap- 
lain; George W. W. Saville. marshal; 
T. Howard iJarucs, senior deacon; Gil- 
bert Hodges, junior deacon; Edwin A. 
Start, senior steward; Walter D. Hall, 
junior steward; Frederick A. Folsom, 
sentinel; Harry J. Newhall, tyler; 
Frank C. Litchfield, organist. The 
Lodge membership is nearly three hun- 
dred, and everything is flourishing. 

Mystic Royal Arch Chapter, now num- 
bering about two hundred member=, 
was instituted June 9, 1863, the original 
petitioners having been Daniel W. 
Lawrence. Henry H. Gilmore. Samuel 

C. Lawrence, George L. Barr, James H. 
Archibald. D. N. Skillings. William T. 
Grammar. James McArthur, E. N. 
Blake. Nehemiah T. Merritt. Ben- 
jamin A. Hersey. Luther Farwell, Elihu 
C. Baker, A. K. V.\ Jay, (4eorge H. 




p. R. LITCHFIELD 



Conn. Joseph Darby, Alfred Haskell 
and S. P. Bartlett. The charter mem- 
bers were: Luther F. Brooks. Horace 
Collamore. George B. Green, Benjamin 
F. Hayes, Charles B. Joyce, Parker R. 
Litchfield, George F. Spaulding, E. W. 
Badger. Charles Currier, Daniel A. 
Gleason, Horace D. Haill, Gardner G. 
Kidder, Henry C. Miller and Henry F. 
Woods. The first officers of the Chap- 
ter were: Daniel W. Lawrence, most 
eminent high priest; Nehemiah T. Mer- 
ritt, king; Henry H. Gilmore, scribe; 
Luther Farwell, treasurer; George L. 
Barr. secretary; iS. C. Lawrence, cap- 
tain of the host; Joseph Darby, prin- 
cipal sojourner; Blihu C. Baker, royal 
arch captain; William M. Miller, mas- 
ter third veil; James McArthur, master 
second veil; James H. Archibald, mas- 



lU 



MEDFORI). PAST AXl) TUEsEST 



ter first veil; Benjamin A. Hersey, 
tyler. 

The Chapter has believed in continu- 
ing efficient officers for long terms, so 
when in the second year Parker R. 
Litchfield was chosen secretary; he re- 
mained as such until 1S7S, when Charles 
D. Archil>ald was chosen, with re-elec- 
tions ever since. George B. Green has 
been treasurer since 1S6S; Reverend H. 
0. De Long has been chaplain since 
187S. 

Progress in all that makes for goo ! 
Lorenzo L. Green, most eminent high 
membership, stability and exalted 
Masonry characterizes this Chapter. The 
officers installed January, 1905, were: 
priest; Frederick A. Folsom, king; 
William G. Taylor. scTibe; George B. 
Green, treasurer; Charles D. Archibald, 
secretary; Henry C. De Long, chaplain; 
George H. Archibald, captain of host; 
Fred R. Charnock, principal sojourner; 
Herbert A. Sullivan, royal arch cap- 
tain; Clifton Loring. master third veil; 
Thomas Jackson, master second veil; 
Leonard B. Allen, master first veil; 
Arthur Clifford, senior steward; Arthur 
Partridge, junior steward; Harry J. 
Newhall, tyler; Edward Brown, junior, 
organist; S. C. Lawrence. D. W. La,w- 
rence, J. Gilman Waite. trustees of 
permanent fund. 

In the Medford Council, Royal and 
Select Masters. Masonry as an organ- 
ized body reaches its zenith. Medford 
Council is and always has been a credit 
to cryptic Masonry. It is the next step 
in the ancient craft, of which the blue 
lodge and chapter are beginners and 
forerunners. 

Their charter was granted December 
8,' 1869, to the following charter mem- 
bers; Benjamin A. Hersey. Nehemiah 
T. Merritt. D. W. Laiwrence, James P. 
Richardson, Alfred Haskell, S. C. Law- 
rence. David Simpson. S. B. Harring- 
ton, Henry C. Miller, Charles E. Joyce. 
L. F. Brooks. P. R. Litchfield and Louis 
H. Fisher. The council was constituted 
and dedicated January 7, 1870, by Most 
Puissant Grand Master Charles E. 
Powers, when the following officers 
were installed: Benjamin A. Hersey. 
thrice illustrious master; Nehemiah T. 
Merritt, deputy master; Alfred Has- 
kell, principal conductor of work; 
David Simpson, master of ceremonies; 
George B. Green, treasurer; Parker R. 
Litchfield, recorder; James P. Richard- 
son, captain of guard; William A. 
Webbe, conductor of council; Joseph 
Kelley, steward; Benjamin Paoe, sen- 
tinel. 

The chief officers have been: Ben- 
jamin A. Hersey, Alfred Haskell, Alvin 
R. Reed. James S, Sturtevant. Bernard 




II. W. IXIRH 

Boon. Charles A. T. Bloom. Samuel G. 
Jepson. W. B. Lawrence, J. Fred Han- 
nah. Walter L. Hall, J. Gilman Waite, 
Oliver Whyte. Frank W. Garran. Alfred 
P. Vialle and Josiah E. Gates. George 
B. Green has been treasurer thirty- 
five years, and Charles D. Archibald 
has been recorder twenty-seven years. 
The present officers are: Calvin H. 
Clark, thrice illustrious master; J. C. 




B. GRKEN 



Miller, junior deputy master; Predd H. 
Thomas, principal conductor of work; 
George B. Green, treasurer; Charles D. 
Arc-hil>ald. recorder; J. B. Richmond, 
chaplain; G. H. Archibald, master of 
ceremonies; Adam Weir, captain of 
guard; D. F. Coughlin. conductor of 
council; Howard S. Hill, steward; 
Harry J. Newhall, sentinel. The mem- 
bership is about one hundred and fifty. 

Cradock Temple. No. 43, Rathborne 
Sisters, was instituted on Wednesday 
afternoon, March 15, 1905, in Odd Fel- 
lows' Hall, when seventeen sisters were 
obligated by officers of the Grand Tem- 
ple of Rathborne Sisters of Massachu- 
setts. 

In the evening a sumptuous supper 
was served, many guests being present 
from Lynn. Cambridge. Boston and ad- 
iacent cities. In the evening the fol- 
lon-ing were installed into office in an 
impressive manner, by Serena A. Ben- 
son, as Past Chief: 

Laura E. Jeffrey, most excellent 
chief: Lois A. iStevenson, excellent 
senior; Clara E. Gardner, excellent 
junior; Mabel C. Smardon, manager; 
Lillian G. Carpenter, mistress of rec- 
ords and correspondence; Frances W. 
Mills, mistress of finance; Anna M. 
Johnson, protector; Irena Angus, 
guard; Mary J. Tobin. Emma Alden, 
Mabel Smardon were elected trustees, 
and Mary A. Le Cain, representative 
to the Grand Temple of Massachusetts. 

Two members were initiated by the 
degree staff of St. Omer Temple of 
Cambridge. 

Fifteen members of the Knights of 
i^^ythias were made members. 

Middlesex Chapter. 64, Order Eastern 
Star, a Masonic order, meets in Odd 
Fellows' Hall, West Medford. the first 
and third Tuesdays of each month. It 
was organized November 8, 1898, and 
constituted May 9, 1899. 

The officers are: 

Gertrude C. Wilson, worthy matron; 
Robert F. Rogers, worthy patron; Mrs. 
Mima D. Smart, associate matron; Mrs. 
Lizzie S. Harlow, secretary; Albert A. 
Wilson, treasurer; Mrs. Lillian G. 
Ober. conductress; Mrs. Ella \. Shedd, 
associate conductress; past matron. 
.Mrs. Frances H. Foster, chaplain; past 
matron. Miss Bessie L. Kent, marshal: 
.Mrs. Adelaide B. Morss. pianist; Star 
Points: Mrs. Florence C. Cutter, Adah; 
Mrs. Louise H. Grimes. Ruth; Miss 
;Susie L. Rogers, Esther; Mrs. Jessie K. 
Chute. Martha; Mrs. Emma W. Dame. 
Electra; Mrs. Carrie B. Menchin. 
warder, and Charles E. Hall, sentinel. 

Past matrons are: Mrs. Frances H. 



MEDFOUI), PAST AS/) PUKsI^JST 



Foster, Mrs. Emma P. Cummings, Mrs. 
Harrietts H. Kent. Miss Bessie L. Kent, 
Mrs. Mary E. Judlvius and Mrs. Estella 
J. Lane. 

Past patrons are: Henry W. Foster, 
Edward P. Kent, Cliarles A. Hearsey, 
George D. Cummings. William G. Tay- 
lor and Albert A. Wilson. 



Odd Fellows 




A. F. K. llA.slvEIil, 

Odd Fellowship has for many years 
appealed to the interests of Medford 
men, and the city includes among its 
citizens a great number who are mem- 
bers of lodges and higher branches of 
the order, here and elsewhere. 

Harmony Lodge, in Medford proper, 
is piosperous and living up to its ideals 
of fraternity and beneficence. It was 
instituted April 4, 1845, and held meet- 
ings in a, hall of the Boston & Maine 
station. At a later date the charter 
was surrendered to the Grand Lodge, 
and Odd Fellowship in Medford lapsed 
until 1874, when Alvah N. Cotton, W. 
H. Northey, A. M. Robinson, J. W. 
Robinson, George L. Berg, H. T. Wood, 
James Duryea, L. W. Cummings, Wil- 
bur Tolman and John M. Keyon. all 
members of the old lodge, applied for a 
new charter. 

Their request was granted and the 
Lodge re-created by its institution 
March 13, 1874, with Alvah N. Cotton 
as noble grand. The Lodge has flour- 



ished ever since, been true to its prin- 
ciple.s, and by its fraternal spirit has 
held the esteem of sister lodges. In 
April. 1902, the Lodge celebrated its 
twenty-eighth anniversary by music, 
speeches and an excellent exemplfica- 
tion of the first degree, in the presence 
of about two hundrd and fifty guests, 
including large delegations from other 
lodges. 

The officers serving until July, 190.^. 
are: Noble grand, A. F. F. Haskell; 
vice grand, F. W. Thorpe; recording 
secretary, G. W. Lovering; financial 
secretary, J. S. Rogers; treasurer, J. F. 
W. Ames; chaplain, L. F. Cole; war- 
den, 0. C. Parker; conductor, W. B. 
Scrannage; outside guardian, F. M. 
Hathaway; inside guardian, A. Antro- 
bus; right supporter noble grand, A. 
N. Newman; left supporter noble gi'and, 
E. P. Randall; right supporter vice 
grand, E. Glawson; left supporter vice 
grand, R. Roupe; right scene sup- 
porter, Henry Sterling; left scene sup- 
porter, J. D. Stanley. The lodge meets 
Mondays in Odd Fellows' Hall, 10 High 
street. 

Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 186, I. 0. 
O. F.. at West Medford, was instituted 
September 4, 1878, by Albert W. Fes- 
senden. M. W. grand master, assisted 
by W, W. Gardner, D. G. M.; E. Dana 
Bancroft, as grand warden; Charles D. 
Cole, grand secretary; Julius L. Clark, 
grand treasurer; E. A. Spaulding, 
grand marshal, and E. D. Layton, as 
grand guide. 

The charter members were George 
D. Booker, Amos B. Morss, Charles W. 
Macy, George B. Sinclair, William H. 
Babb and John iS. Parker. One brother 
was admitted by card, and the follow- 
ing oflicers were elected and installed: 
Amos B. Morss, noble grand; Charles 
W. Macy, vice grand; William H. Babb, 
secretary, and Fred F. Gage, treasurer. 
During the evening twenty-six candi- 
dates were initiated, the work being 
done by Howard Lodge. No. 22, of 
Charlestown. The lodge was presented 
with a fine Bible by Hairmony Lodge 
of Medford, and a seal by Paul Revere 
Lodge of Somerville. 

The Lodge grew gradually until 1881, 
when enthusiasm waned, almost dis- 
couraging the few who were most 
active. In 1886 a revival of interest 
was felt and there has been great prog- 
ress up to the present day. For many 
years the lodge room was in the old 
Usher block, but on the completion of 
the Holton building the lodge moved 
into a hall especially fitted for them in 
commodious manner, on Harvard ave- 
nue. On their twenty-fifth anniversary 
Mount Vernon Lodge celebrated by a 



reunion, when an entertainment was 
provided, reminiscences were related 
and a collation served. 

Fraternity has been one of the strong 
points of the Lodge, and it is known 
also for the creditable manner in which 
the degrees are invariably worked. 
Amos B. Morss is the only remaining 
charter member who attends meetings 
regularly. Meetings are held Wednes- 
day evenings. 

The present officers, who serve until 
July, 190.5, are; Olonzo A. Gamage, 
noble grand; Robert A. Rogers, vice 
grand; Harry W. Rock wood, secretary; 
Cuthbert H. Lowell, financial secre- 
tary; Nahum E. Wilber, treasurer; 
George H. Walkling, warden; Alexan- 
der R. Johnston, conductor; William 
S. Smith, outside guardian; John L. 
Tutten, inside guardian; Charles L. 
Russell, right supporter noble grand; 
Frank A. Oxnard, left supporter noble 
grand; George W. Rockwood. right 
supporter vice grand; Jeremiah M. 
Clark, left supporter vice grand; Mor- 
timer E. Wilber, chaplain. 

Mystic Encampment, No. 81, I. O. 0. 
F., is but a little over nine years of 
age. having been instituted April 30. 
1S96. Its first officers were: Chief pa- 
triarch, William Leavens; high priest. 
Charles L. Fitzhenry; senior warden. 
Charles A. Hearsey; junior warden, 
William F. Kreuger; scribe, George W. 
Lovering; treasurer, Albert P. Ames; 
outside sentinel, Charles H. Walley; 
inside sentinel, W. S. Richmond; guide, 
G. B. F. Maxwell; watches, W. E. Ober, 
A. R. Brooks, L. E. Parsons, C. R. 
Worth; high priest guards, G. W. Aus- 
tin and B. Gowing. 

The encampment has a large and in- 
creasing membership of those Odd Fel- 
lows who desire a higher insight into 
the principles of the order. Meetings 
are held the second and fourth Fridays 
of each month in Odd Fellows' Hall, 
Medford. 

In January, 1905, the present oiflcers 
were installed, as follows: Chief patri- 
arch, Charles A. Ptiillips; high priest, 
John F. W. Ames: senior warden, Ed- 
ward P. Randall; .iunior warden, Frank 
E. Brackett; scribe, Albert N. New- 
man: treasurer, Myron G. Curtis; out- 
side sentinel, Charles H. Walley; in- 
side sentinel. C. E. Berry; watches, T. 
E. Rackcliffe. Frank P. Pierce, Frank 
A. Barrows, William S. Richards, Jr.; 
first G. of T.. Warren B. Scrannage; 
second G. of T.. Oliver C. Parker. 

Mystic Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., M. U., was 
instituted February 2, 1904. in Odd Fel- 
lows' Hall, after a series of public 



meetings. The charter list numbered 
sixty-nine. 

Provincial Grand Master Joseph N. 
Hanaford, of New Bedford, and Pro- 
vincial Corresponding Sewetary James 
W. Gregg, of Lowell, officiated and in- 
stalled these officers: Noble grand, Al- 
bert H. Tainter; vice grand, Osman 
Melendy; permanent secretary, Frank 
S. Cowperthwaite; elective secretary, 
A. H. Witham; treasurer, Arthur T. 
Lioomis; supporters noble grand, C. 
Newcomb and G. A. Thomas; support- 
ers vice grand, F. W. Mills and J. I. 
Fisher; scene supporters, W. N. Lon- 
don and G. Carpenter; warden, S. G. 
Kennedy; conductor, A. Smith; inside 
guardian, F. W. Blake; outside guard- 
ian, H. W. Heaton; chaplain, F. W. 
Lambert. 

The officers installed last January 
were: Noble grand, Hugh G. Kennedy; 
vice grand, Walter N. London; G. M., 
Edward R. Wharton; permanent sec- 
retary, Charles A. Hardy; elective sec- 
retary, Arthur K. Hooker; treasurer, 
Arthur T. Loomis; right supporter 
noble grand, F. C. Smajley; left sup- 
porter noble grand, Warren L. Faulk- 
ner; right supporter vice grand, Frank 
H. Culley; left supporter vice grand, 
Frederick D. Reed; L. M. and C, Wil- 
liam H. Stevens; warden, Francis 
George; conductor, George L. Poland; 
inside guajdian, Harry Masterson. 
Meetings are held first and third Tues- 
days of each month, in Odd Fellows' 
Hall. 



Elks 



Although but little over a year in 
existence, Medford lodge, No. 915, 
Benevolent Order of Elks, is a most 
lively organization and includes many 
of the men most prominent in public 
life. The lodge was instituted May 27, 
1904, with sixty-seven charter mem- 
bers. The first officers were: Charles 
A. Phillips, exalted ruler; Edward W. 
Mitchell, esteemed leading knight; W. 
F. Leahy, esteemed loyal knight; Jas 
C. D. Clark, esteemed lecturing knight; 
F. N. Beals, secretary; J. F. Reagan, 
treasurer; L. G. Braydon, tyler; F. W. 
Gow, inner guard; J. H. Gowing, 
esquire; Andrew F. Curtin, P. F. 
Gahan, W. H. Bacheller, trustees. 

Those in office now are: Edward 
W. Mitchell, exalted ruler; William F. 
L^eahy, esteemed leading laiight; 
Louis G. Bragdon, esteemed loyal 
knight; Fred W. Gow, esteemed lectur- 
ing knight; Charles A. Phillips, secre- 



-VEDFORn. PAST AND PRESENT 

tary; J. F. Reagan, treasurer; James 
H. Gowing, esquire; Dennis M. Sween- 
ey, tyler; Michael F. Dwyer, chaplain: 
Wallace J. Wood, inner guard; Arthur 
T. Loomis, organist; Walter T. Burke. 
lodge physician. The present mem- 
bership is about 12.5, and meetings are 
the first and third Thursdays of each 
month in Odd Fellows' Hall. In April, 
1905, the lodge held a benefit on a 
large scale which was a great success. 



Knights of Pythias 



Cradock I^odge, No. 104, was in- 
stituted August 16, 1893, with a mem- 
bership of twenty-three, and William 
N. Titus was elected the first chancel- 
lor commander. Allston P. Joyce was 
made past-chancellor. The lodge is 
in a thriving condition and much in- 
terest is shown at the meetings. The 
travelling shield of many of the lodges 
have vjsited this lodge which now 
numbers nearly one hundred. 

The following are the officers for 
the ensuing year: C. C, F. W. Lam- 
brot; V. C, H. L. Carpenter; P.. J. R. 
Smith; K. of R. and S., W. H. Tobin; 
M. of F., C. A. Benson; M. A.. J. E. 
Simpson; M. W., George Smardon; I 
G., John Glenn; O. G.. Robert Grady; 
M. E., A. H Tainter; representatives to 
the Grand Lodge, Allston P. Joyce and 
George Smardon. 

Meetings are held the first and third 
Wednesdays of each month. 

Trinity Lodge. No. 84, New England 
Order of Protection was instituted 
March 29. 1889, by D. D. S. Warden W. 
R. Fobes and suite, with these officers: 
P. W., Mrs. J. F. Hamblett: W., C. A. 
Grover; V W., S. G. Jepson: secre- 
tary. Mrs. H. W. Pierce; F. S.. C. E. 
Brigham; treasurer, H. W. Way; chap- 
lain. Miss Mary Jepson; guide. Frauk 
Hayden: guardian. J. F. Hamblett; 
sentinel. F. W. Smith. 

Meetings are held second and fourtli 
Wednesdays each month in G. A. R. 
hall. 



their ninth anniversary by an elab- 
orate banquet. The officers are: John 
F. Reagan, grand knight; J. H. O'Bri- 
en, financial secretary; C. J. Casey, 
recording secretary; Edward J. Con- 
nors, treasurer; P. Frank Ward, war- 
den: Michael S. Grady, chancellor; 
Frank Lewis, advocate; Andrew F. 
Curtiss, Edward J. Gaffey, John J. 
Mulkerin, trustees; Dr. W. J. Burke, 
physician. 



Royal Arcanum 



Medford Council, Royal Aj-canum 
was instituted May 31, 1878, and meets 
the second and fourth Friday even- 
ings in (irand Army Hall. The present 
officers, installed January 13. 1905, are: 
Regent, William H. Warren; vice re- 
gent. Charles W. McPherson; orator, 
Herbert L. B. Lawton; past regent; 
Horace C. Wight; secretary, George H. 
Wight; collector, Edward W. Hayes; 
treasurer, Charles W. Fowle; chaplain, 
Frederick W. Brigham: guide. James 
A. Barnes: warden, Frederick A. Co.s- 
grove; sentry. William Howe; trustee, 
three years. J. Henry Norcross. 



Knights of Honor 



Knights of Columbus 



Medford Council, Number 141, 
Knights of Columbus, was organized 
December 27, 1893, and meets the 
first and third Mondays of each month 
in their hall at Main street. It is 
very prosperous, has about one hun- 
dred and tiftv members, and celebrated 



Medford Lodge, 231, Knights of 
Honor, was instituted February 18, 
1876, and meets 

The present officers are: Past dicta- 
tor. Samuel G. Jepson: dictator, James 
B. Ewell; vice-dictator, William P. 
Treet; assistant dictator, William 
Parry; chaplain, Calvin H. Clark; re- 
porter, Robert M. Spinney; financial 
reporter, Ira W. Hamlin; treasurer, 
Henry Parsons; guide, Edward F. 
Smith: sentinel, Charles H. Oliver. 

Mystic Lodge. 883. K. of H., was 
instituted February 7, 1878, with thir- 
ty-seven members to start with. The 
officers now are: Past dictator, Wil- 
liam J. Weeks; dictator. Franz Die- 
bold; assistant dictator, Artemas 
Poole; reporter, Amos B. Morss; fin- 
ancial reporter, Joseph N. Leach; 
treasurer. Joseph E. Ober; guide. 
Charles H. Parker; chaplain, J. Gordcm 
Kempton; guardian. William J. 
Cheney; sentinel, George H. Fuller; 
C. E. Finney, C. H. Parker, J. E. Ober, 
trustees. 

Charles F. Loring Council. R. A. of 
West Medford. was instituted April 13. 
1892. Meetings are held second and 
fourth Fridays of each month in Odd 



mkdfohd. past axd puksext 



Fellows' hall. Harvard avenue. The 
officers are: Regent. Arthur N. Foque: 
vice regent, George W. Rockwood; 
past regent, Joseph M. Jost; secretary, 
Claire P. Sibley; treasurer, Harry L. 
Shaw; collector; Cuthbort H. Lowell; 
orator, Perez E. Martin; guide, E. P. 
Hall; chaplain, Harry Smith; warden. 
Harry E. Smart; sentry. Henry E. 
Gamester. 



Hibernians 



Division 4, Ancient Order of Hiber- 
nians was organized in August 1S95, 
and has now one hundred and twenty- 
five members, meeting the first Tues- 
day and third Sunday of each month 
at 2S Jfain street. It is the succes- 
sor of Division 14, which surrendered 
its charter several years ago. The 



tenth anniversary will be celebrated 
this year. OfHcers are: Frank M. 
Quinn, president; Peter J. Kelley, vice- 
president; Edward J. Gatfey, financial 
secretary; Charles T. Daly, recording 
secretary; Frank J. Dunn, treasurer; 
Patrick McKeon, sergeant-at-arms ; 
William Lawless, sentinel; Rev. P. T. 
Higgins, chaplain; Dr. Edward W. 
Barrett, physician. The ladies auxil- 
iary has for its president Mrs. John 
J. Crockwell. 



West Medford Reading Club 



One of the oldest organizations in 
Medford is the WEST MEDFORD 
READING CLUB, which held its first 
meeting December 5, 1877, at the resi- 
dence of Mr. and Mrs. David H 
Hrown, 10.1 Allston street, who with 
Mrs. P. D. Richards were most active 
in its organization. The membership 
was limited to twenty-five, and later 
to thirty. Dr. John L. Coffin was the 
first secretary, and Mr. Brown was 
chairman of the first executive com- 
mittee. As its object the club aimed 
to encourage the literary tastes and 



mental inprovenient of its members, 
and to strengthen their social life. Dis- 
cussions and papers covering a wide 
range of thought in literature, art, and 
science, history, sociology, industr.v, 
etc., ancient and modern. Special 
study has been made of special lines 
of progress. Meetings are held at the 
homes of members, on al(ernatin,g 
Tuesdays, from October to May. Of 
the charter list, Mr. and Mrs. D. H. 
Brown, Mrs. P. D. Richards, Mrs. L. L. 
Dame, Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Hobbs, and 
Miss Caroline E. Swift are the seven 



of the charter list whose interests 
have been maintained in the club. The 
club starts, in October, 1905, on its 
twenty-ninth year with a program of 
subjects on Japanese affairs, sociology, 
race questions, and philosophy. The 
executive committee is: Frederick V. 
Fuller, Miss Caroline E. Swift and 
George H. Folger. D. H. Brown is 
secretary, having succeeded Mrs. H. 
M. Wyatt, who served as such many 
years. 



Public Schools of Medford 




To tell of the public schools of Med- 
ford is to tell of strenuous effort, of 
faithful service, of integrity, of pub- 
lic devotion, of high-minded ambition, 
of all those civic virtues which are in- 
stilled into the minds of Medford boys 
and girls in the daily routine of school 
work. If the citizen of Medford is 
punctual and painstaking in duty, if 
he is loyal and conscienticius in serv- 
ice, if he is well-versed, not only in 
the letter, but in the spirit of knowl- 
edge and wisdom, it is because he 
has found his guidance and his inspi- 
ration in the Public Schools of Med- 
ford. If we should travel back away 
from the shriek of the steam engine, 
the whirr of the auto and the clang- 
clang of the electric car, back into 
the day before yesterday of Medford 
life, and try to get some vague idea 



JIEDFOKU HIGH SCHOOL 

of the schools of the little village, we 
should And small, unsightly school- 
houses, where the children were 
crowded together, sometimes nine 
little victims on one bench, children, 
who throve, however, in spite of the 
foul air of the over-heated, ill-venti- 
lated room, children who would have 
laughed to scorn the germ theory and 
the microbe theory, in the bliss of a 
blessed ignorance denied their more 
scientific descendants. Poor little 
school buildings! Not larger than the 
electric car which whirls through our 
streets, but large enough to hold in 
embryo the strong, forceful manhood 
and womanhood of the Medford of to- 
day. We cannot go back fully two 
hundred and seventy-five years in the 
history of our schools, for we find the 
first record no earlier than 1719, when 



the town voted "to hire some meet 
person to Iveep a writing school for 
three or four months in the winter 
season," a committee of seven men 
was chosen "to treat with some per- 
son to keep said school." The mys- 
tic number, "seven," worked no 
charm here for the committee failed 
to report and the writing school failed 
to materialize. However, later in the 
same year, on November oO, the town 
voted to keep a school for writing and 
reading three or four months during 
the ensuing winter and the name of 
Master Henry Davidson was reported 
for schoolmaster for three months at 
a salary of three pounds and his 
board, the money to be raised by tax- 
ation if not forthcoming by voluntary 
subscription. On February 22, 1720, 
the town voted to choose a committee 



120 



MliVFOlCl). /M.S7' Ayi) PRESENT 




LEONARD J. MANNING 



of five men to select a site for a 
schoolhouse to accommodate the whole 
town, but there is no record that such 
a building was ever erected. It is 
possible that the town grew so rapidly 
that one schoolhouse was found in- 
suflBcient for the accommodation of 
all its children. Be that as it may, 
the winter of the next year, 1721, two 
schools were established, one at the 
east end of the town, under Master 
Henry Davidson, and one at the west 
end under Master Caleb Brooks, and 
these are the first schoolmasters 
whose names appear on the records of 
the town of Medford previous to the 
Revolutionary war. 

These early schools that were to be 
built "to accommodate the whole 
town," meant only the boys of the 
town. The Medford fathers of 1720 
and thereabouts, had an exalted opin- 
ion of the native graces and abilities 
of womanhood. A woman needed no 



education. She was, by nature, gifted 
with imagination, intuition, "mother- 
wit;" the girls of Medford were 
plenty good enough just as God made 
them and could not be improved by 
any foolish inventions sought out by 
man. 

The judgment of the Medford 
fathers was unimpeachable; the Med- 
ford girls were and are among the 
very best in the land, but in the year 
1734 it was decided that the town 
might venture "to gild refined gold 
and paint the lily," for in that year 
the Medford girls were admitted to the 
Medford Public Schools on the same 
footing and with the same privileges 
as the Medford boys. 

No convulsions of Nature followed 
this daring innovation; there were no 
town feuds: there was no strife or 
division in family life, the whole ma- 
chinery of the body politic moved on 
without an additional creak and the 

121 



girls went to school and quietly took 
their places at the head of tlie class. 

After such a heroic change had been 
adopted it is not surprising to find 
that Medford schools made persistent 
if often slow advances as the years 
went by, keeping always well abreast 
of the best educational thought of the 
day. If the upward step was some- 
times halting, and the burden of ex- 
pense seemed to the taxpayers quite 
too heavy to be borne, the liberal 
party always eventually routed the 
conservative and proved to the peo- 
ple of Medford that every dollar spent 
on its public schools would be re- 
turned sooner or later in some form 
or other to the honor of Medford and 
to its material as well as intellec- 
tual well-being. And there came a 
time when Massachusetts awoke to a 
realization that New England pluck 
and New England courage and even 
New EngUuul iMiiiscieiu-f, did not 
give the sum total of a well-rounded 
character; that the sturdy granite 
must be beautified, brightened, 
adorned; that aesthetic training was 
just as needful for the proper devel- 
opment of the child as were the solid 
branches already pursued. And so 
music and drawing were introduced 
into the Massachusetts schools, not so 
much for the training of the voice or 
the training of the hand and eye; 
the appeal was made to the finer 
nature of the child; he was made to 
feel that beauty, imagination, senti- 
ment are not silly fancies unworthy 
a virile manhood, but that they are 
mighty underlying forces in the 
world's work. And Medford, foremost 
always among Massachusetts towns 
to recognize the needs of its school 
children, introduced music in 1S63 and 
drawing in 1872 into its public schools. 

And how the boys of forty years 
ago hated to sing! It was unmanly; 
it was effeminate; it was Miss Nancy- 
ish! Many a boy would rather take 
a flogging than have his voice tried 
in open court, and many of them did. 
The sons and grandsons of those Med- 
ford boys will help swell the chorus 
of joy and thanksgiving on Medford's 
two hundred and seventy-fifth anni- 
versary, for the charm of music has 
entered into their souls. Medford 
can claim no opera stars among its 
boys and girls, but it can claim sing- 
ers of rare ability and artists of 
world-wide fame, who received their 
first training in the public schools, 
and in whatever state or in whatever 
country they make their home there 
will the name of Medford be honored. 
More and more generally the opinion 



MEDFOIID, PAST AND PEESEXT 



is held among educators that the re- 
sponsibility of the child's training be- 
longs to the state, for It is the state 
that will claim his service in later 
years. The spasmodic and often un- 
scientific teaching of the home has 
been gradually supplanted by approved 
methods of education even in what be- 
longs strictly to home life. All the 
principal cities of Massachusetts— 
Medford among the rest— have intro- 
duced cooking and sewing into the 
school curriculum. The Medford 
girls are allowed to study Latin and 
Greek with the Medford boys, but they 
must never be allowed to forget that 
to keep the home in order and to pre- 
pare nutritious dishes on strictly 
scientific principles is the first, it not 
the whole, duty of woman. 

Towards the close of the last cen- 
tury a spirit of dissatisfaction and 
unrest prevailed in educational cir- 
cles and in business circles as well. 
It was claimed that the schools were 
not doing their full duty by the child; 
they were not fitting him for the real 
everyday work of the world, and 
throughout the land the cry arose for 
manual training schools. The hand 
as well as the brain must be trained, 
the "whole boy" must be sent to 
school. Never would a good, all- 
round citizen be sent out into the 
world until all of the faculties were 
educated. The American boy, with 
all his boasted inheritance of Ameri- 
can ingenuity, of Yankee ingenuity, 
was, after all, no match for the skilled 
artisan of Germany when he took his 
place beside him in the workshop. 
And so manual training schools sprang 
up all over the land and Medford, 
still keeping in the front rank of 
Massachusetts schools, in 1893 estab- 
lished a manual training school for 
the children of the eighth and ninth 
grades. The Kindergarten became a 
part of the Medford school organiza- 
tion in 1894, and now seven Kinder- 
gartens are supported by the city. 
Perhaps in no part of Medford's school 
system is the improvement so marked 
as in the education of the youngest 
children. In the early schools the 
poor little tots were kept steadily at 
work on the three R's, with no change 
or variety save the stated periods of 
recess, when the little girls walked 
sedately back and forth with arms 
around each other, and the little boys 
worked off their surplus energy in 
good, wholesome fights. What won- 
der that most of them learned to hate 
school, and that even the brightest 
minds were dulled by the treadmill 
routine in which they were kept by 




BROOKS SCHOOL 



faithful but untrained teachers! And 
what wonder that the Medford chil- 
dren of to-day love their schools and 
go not unwillingly "with shining 
morning face" to enjoy the songs and 
games, and marching, the paper weav- 
ing and bead stringing, the drawing 
and clay modelling and all the delight- 
ful variety of the daily school session. 
All this seems like play to the chil- 
dren and it would have seemed like 
play, and very silly play at that, to 
the primary teachers of Medford's 
early schools. But the little ones are 
being trained by this seeming play to 
a careful use of hand and eye, to a 
liabit nt quick perception and accuracy, 
a habit which their f>i'a'i<lfathers 
and even their fathers were never 
taught to form. They learn, too. "to 
observe," and so many grown-ups 
have never learned to observe. — 
plants, growing from the seed in the 
schoolroom; birds, trees, rocks, flow- 
ers, which the quick eye is trained to 
note in their walks with the teacher 
give not only a present delight but 
lead the child all unconsciously to 
the ever-beginning and never-ending 
page of "Nature study." How the 
woods of Medford will teem with life 
and interest to these growing boys 
and girls! if, indeed, the (iyiisy moth 
and park commissioner leave any 
woods to Medford. 

Changes in methods of teaching and 
in the school curriculum have been 
as many, perhaps, in the higher 
schools, even if not as radical. In 
1890, Military Drill was accepted as 
part of the high school instruction. 



The drill was intended not so much 
to instruct the boys in military tac- 
tics as to teach a correct carriage of 
the body, a manly attitude, a prompt 
and unquestioning obedience to su- 
periors, as well as to encourage a 
spirit of comradeship and friendly 
rivalry. 

A well known Medford woman 
walking through the basement of the 
new High Schcud building, and no- 
ticing the array of lockers, guns, flags, 
and all the insignia of military equip, 
nient, asked the pertinent question: 
"Are there no girls in the Medford 
High School?" There were girls in 
the Medford High School, and they 
were in as much need of systematic 
physical culture as the boys — in more 
need, perhaps, as they are less in- 
clined to vigorous outdoor exercise. 
' Iiut the mills uf^the gods grind slowly," 
and it was only after long and 
discouraging effort that the need of 
the girls was recognized, and syste- 
matic gymnastic drill established. 
Even then, while the boys benefited 
by an appropriation from the city, the 
girls were obliged to beg for money 
or raise it by their own efforts, and it 
was not until 19ii2 that the sum of 
one hundred and fifty dollars was ap- 
propriated by the Committee for the 
payment of a teacher, and the Ling 
System of Gymnastics became a regu- 
lar part of the school course. An am- 
bulance corps was added a few years 
ago to the drill of the battalion. Pos- 
sibly a Red Cross Nurses' Association 
will be the next innovation, and the 
girls will then become a necessary 



MJ-JJJFOUlt, I'AST AMD PRESENT 



part of the pomp ami dignity of Mili- 
tary Drill. 

The Medford High School was 
among the first of IMassachusetts 
cities to do away with the stereotyped 
■■Examination Day" and '■Exhibition 
Day." It was a grief to the btidding 
iiratnrs, and tlic ".swei't girl graduates" 
and it seemed hard that Medford, de 
prived of the unworldly advice and 
the fervent appeals to right and duty 
delivered yearly from the school ros- 
trum, should be left to struggle un- 
aided ■'through the journey of life.' 
But the judgment of the School Board 
prevailed, and since 1895 the High 
School graduates, with their parents 
and friends, have listened to addresses 
delivered by men of ability and ex- 
perience, "older in practice, abler than 
themselves to make conditions." 





c. 11. .MUltSS 

Medford has always shown a quiet, 
almost puritanical taste in the struc- 
ture of its school buildings; they have 
been commodious, well ventilated, 
sanitary, but plain and unpretentious 
in appearance. Of late years, how- 
ever, several rather artistic buildings 
have been erected for the accommoda- 
tion of Primary Grades, and the four 
fine brick buildings used for the 
Grammar Grades are an honor to the 
historic names they bear and to the 
broad-minded policy of the citizens of 
Medford. The child, passing through 
all the lower grades, feels that he has 
reached the crowning glory of his 



school course when he enters the High 
School, and Medford has made it pos- 
sible for him to enter a buildiug so 
noble in architecture, so fully equipped 
in all departments of study, so well 
planned for comfort and for work, 
that the citizens of Medford may well 
point at it with pride as the crown 
ing glory of all its school buildings 
The High School Building stands on 
the westerly side of Forest street, a 
short distance from the Square. It is 
a building of brick and brown stone 
■'of Renaissance architecture, with 
Greek detail." The three entrances 
with the central bay of the front give 
the building an imposing appearance, 
which is enhanced by the simple treat- 
ment of the rest of the designs. The 
heating and ventilating follow the 
most approved scientific methods 
Class rooms, laboratories, science 
lecture room, drill room, drawing 
room, lunch room are all so ably 
planned for the ciunfort of the pupil 
I hat the hard requirements of the 
school course are entered upon with 
zest, and the daily grind of work finds 
relief and inspiration in the surround 
ings. Most of the school buildings ol 
Medford are rich in pictures and 
statuary, but every room and every 
corrider in the High Si-lnxd building 
is, in Itself, a picture gallery; busts, 
bas-reliefs, statues, transparencies 
photographs and engravings abound 
on every side. The eye is delighted 
not only with the wealth of material 
tmt with the effect of the artistic ar- 
rangement. But if the High School 
Building is the crowning glory of Med- 
ford's school buildings, surely Assem 
bly Hall is the crowning glory of the 
High School Building. Its old 
colonial decorations, its Lucca della 
Robbia bas-relief, its Parthenon 
frieze, its delicately tinted walls hung 
with photographs, make it what visit 
ors invariably call it "a little gem.' 
A more arlistically arranged hall is 
not to be found in any High School 
Building of the state, probably not ol 
the whole country. The school of five 
hundred pupils assembles in the hall 
for music on stated days of the week 
and if they could but realize their 
blessings every hymn would be a 
"Te Deum" of thankfulness that they 
are the children of Medford's prosper- 
ous, liberal-minded middle age, rather 
than of her narrow and unbeautiful 
youth. 

The High School Building was dedi- 
cated in its Assembly Hall May 21, 
1896, •■before a large and distinguished 
gathering of citizens and friends of 



the school." Honorable Baxter E. 
Perry, in behalf of the citizens of 
Medford, presented the building to the 
School Committee, and Mr. Rosewell 
B. Lawrence, Chairman of the School 
Committee, accepted it in its behalf. 
To all who knew of Mr. Lawrence's 
indefatigable efforts to secure a suit- 
able home for the Medford High 
School, and his unremitting oversight 
during the erection of the building, it 
seemed poetic justice that it should 
be his pleasant duty to receive it again 
into his care from the citizens of Med- 
ford. 

Mr. Lawrence, in a brief resume of 
the growth and development of the 
Medford High School, said: "The 
Medford High School was opened in 
May, 1835, in a single room of the one- 
story brick grammar schoolhouse, 
which was built in 1795 in the rear of 
the Unitarian Church. The High 
School, together with the grammar 
school, moved into a new home in 
1843, and this second building has 
been occupied to the present time, al- 
though it was turned around and re- 
modelled in 186(5 and doubled in size 
in 18'.tO. During the lir.st ten years 
the school struggled for existence un- 
der seven different masters, but then 
came a long period of thirty years un- 
der a beloved principal, Charles Cum- 
mings, whom hundreds of old pupils 
still delight to honor. We are fortu- 
nate in having him with us to-day at 
the age of nearly fourscore years, and 
we are glad to acknowledge that the 
honorable reputation of our school, 
for high scholarship and general use- 
fulness, has been in a large measure 
due to his faithful and intelligent la- 
bor, and the elevating influence of his 
personal example. We are now en- 
joying a second long period of pros 
lierity under the efficient direction of 
Dr. Loriii L. Dame, who is now coni- 
pletiiig his twentieth year of service. 
Fifty years under two principals is a 
truly remarkable record." Mr. Dame's 
service to the school and city was 
ended by his death which came sud- 
denly January 27, 1903. 

The High School is now under the 
successful management of Mr. Leon- 
ard J. Manning, for twenty-five years 
the head assistant and sub-master of 
the school. 

The boys and girls of the Medford 
schools are among the very best that 
the good old state of Massachusetts 
rears. Coming, as most of them do, 
from homes of education and refine- 
ment, and enjoying the superior fa- 
cilities furnished them in the schools. 



MKDl'oniJ, PA-iT AM) rUESEXT 




0m ^^ jI '-ffT^v ■! 







HILLSIDE SCHOOL 



Medford might fairly expect its cliil- 
dren to excel in graces of manner and 
character as well as in Intellectual 
attainments, and this expectation is 
not unfulfilled. To enter a Medford 
schoolroom is an inspiration to the 
visitor. He finds children bright and 
alert, earnest in their work, prompt 
to obey, courteous in manner, quiet 
in deportment, a credit to home and 
school and to the city which is en- 
trusted with their education, and 
which yearly welcomes them Into the 
rank of citizenship. 

And to speak of the schools of Med- 
ford is to think instinctively of the 
teachers, for to say that the school 
reflects the teacher Is but a self-evi- 
dent truth which needs no assertion. 
"As you measure to your neighbor he 
will measure back to you" is true in 
a marked degree of schoolroom asso- 
ciations because the mind of the child 
is especially receptive. And so, what- 
ever merit, whatever of attainment, 
whatever of excellence is found in 
the schools of Medford, back of this 
merit, this attainment, this excellence, 
is surely found the inspiration of the 
teacher's personality. And how hard 




WASHINGTON' SCHOOL 



124 



MEDFOUU, PAST AMJ I'UKSEXT 




Vacation School. This school began 
life three years ago as an unowned 
and generally unloved foundling, de- 
pendent upon charity for its scanty 
support. A committee of women with 
Miss Katharine H. Stone as Presi- 
dent, has acted as its foster-mother, 
the Medford Women's Club has given 
generous crumbs from its table, and 
private subscription has added to its 
maintenance. The school has been 
held in the Cradock Building for six 
weeks each summer, and it has been 
a blessing to the mothers as well as 
to the children of the neighborhood. 
This year the city has adopted it as 
its own, and has appropriated one 
hundred and fifty dollars for its sup- 
port. It is fair to predict that in less 
than ten years such schools will be 
maintained in other school centres of 
the city. The schools are constantly 
growing in size, and the number of 
teachers constantly increasing. To- 



LIXCOLN SCHOOL 



these Medford teachers work! Col- 
lege graduates, many of them, and 
paid no more for their services than 
the raw maid in my lady's kitchen. 
And yet, what conscientious devotion 
to duty! What loyalty to school and 




B. F. MORRISON 



til city! Medford ha.s given "eiiernusly 
of its money for the building nf 
new schoolhouses and for the enrich- 
ment of the school curriculum, but she 
has not yet learned how abundantly 
worthy is the teacher of his hire. She 
has not yet learned to appreciate the 
vast inii»irtanoe of the teacher's place. 
Methuselah was a mere child in 
knowledge and experience at the im- 
mature age of two hundred and sev- 
enty-five years, and it is not to be 
supposed that Medford's education is 
quite complete. It is possible that the 
Mother's meetings held by the ener- 
getic teachers, the house to house 
visits, the "functions" of all and 
every description, that may beguile 
parents into a more intimate relation- 
L^hip with their children's teacher, 
will in time leaven the lump of in- 
difference and bring the school and 
the citizens into close, harmonious 
and sympathetic fellowship and con- 
vince the corps of teachers that the 
appreciation and support of the com- 
munity is with them, that the pulse 
of the public school system beats in 
unison with the warm, strong heart of 
Medford. 

In mentioning the schools of Med- 
ford it would be unfair to omit the 




C AROLINE E. SWIFT 

.\LTHOR OF " PCBLIe SCHOOLS OF MEDFORD " 

day, Medford has in its employ, one 
hundred and three regular and seven 
special teachers, while four thousand 
pupils are enrolled as members of its 
eighteen schools. Hundreds of boys 
and girls have graduated from the 
Medford High School. Many have 
entered through the doors of the Col- 
lege the various professions. Many 
have followed the paths of business 
life, but rarely has the name of Med- 
ford been dishonored or the schools 
brought to discredit by their gradu- 
ates. Previous to 1873 Medford had 
no school superintendent. Mr. James 



MEJJFOUD, 2^ A.ST Ayi> I'UEtiENT 




111 ' 




: *m "^Wl «ffll Tfl! 




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V^A^LCS & H01_X /^RCH X5. 



PROPOSED JAMES SCHOOL BUII.DINO 



A. Hervey, dear to every Medford 
teacher who enjoyed his informal 
visits and the originality of his sug- 
gestions, acted as supervisor of the 
Medford schools from 1873 to 1887. 
Dr. Kj)hraim Hunt served as Siijieiinteii- 
dent of Schools from 1887 to 18!).-). Ami in 
1895 Mr. Charles H. Morss, the pres- 
ent Superintendent, took charge of the 
Medford schools. By his rare execu- 
tive ability and skill in organization 
he has gradually welded together the 
work of the different grades into one 
comprehensive system, increasing ma- 
terially the harmony and strength ut 
the schools. 

It is often claimed that sentiment 



is dead; that this is an age of ma- 
terialism, a prosaic age. It is not a 
prosaic age when we "sail under the 
sea, or through the air, talk through 
space and see through flesh and 
blood." It is not a prosaic age when 
things merely "dreamed" of in the 
"Arabian Nights" have become reali- 
ties. It is not a prosaic age when the 
mind and soul of the world expresses 
itself so grandly in the poetry of mo- 
tion. It is not a prosaic age when 
men are willing to take time from the 
cares of business and the rush and 
hurry of money-getting to pay loving 
tribute to Medford on the dawn of her 
two hundred and seventy-fifth birth- 



day. The Public Schools do not train 
the child of to-day for a prosaic age. 
They do not neglect to educate hand, 
eye, mind for the everyday work of 
the world, but they do more and 
better; they educate the soul of the 
child. Music, pictures, the best and 
noblest in literature and art, are his 
familiar friends feeding his imagina- 
tion and inspiring him with a love of 
the good and true and beautiful. 

Poetry and sentiment are not dead. 
The Public Schools will never let 
them die. And so long as the dear old 
world lives it will measure time by 
heart-beats, and "live in feelings, not 
in figures on a dial." 



126 



Medford, Old and New 



]{y Allston p. Joyce 



increase in the number returned, ;il- 
though (luring the time which has 
elapsed since the date referred to the 
lerrilory ot the town was largely di- 
minished, the most serious loss being 
in the part set off when Winchester 
was incorporated in 1S5II. The growth 
of the town, as is invariably the case, 
developed sectionalism and in the ad- 
ministration of affairs, the carrying on 
I'f pulilic inipriiv<'iMcnts <ir the exjiend- 
iture ipf llic mciiicy ajipropriated and 
raised by taxation, the several lo- 
calities became jealous of each other 
•ind many influences were invoked to 
Iielp particular sections. The census 
of 1890 shov/ed a population of 11,079, 
an increase of over 2,u0(i during the 
previous five years. The growth in 
size, as well as sectionalism, propor- 
tionately increased the jealousy and a 
movement was inaugurated to divide 
the old town and set off the part west- 
erly of iVIeetin.g-House Brook to be 
incorporated under the name of 
Brooks. 

Such a proposition as this naturally 
lii-oug!it forth opposition and the other 
parts of the town united to defeat the 
element desirous of division. The 
citizens of the western part presented 
a petition to the General Court and 
urged the passage of an act to author- 
ize the establishment of that section 
as a municipality. The citizens of the 
central and eastern sections endeav- 
ored to arouse an interest lookin.g to- 
ward the incorporation of Medford as 
a city and hopefully looked to the re- 
sult of the census of 1890 to show a 
population large enough to warrant 
the granting of a charter and by that 
means to settle forever the vexing 
question of division, but they were 
doomed to disappointment. Interest 
continuing unabated, on the petition 
of .T. Henry Norcross and one hundred 
and sixteen others, an article was in- 
serted in the warrant for the town 
meeting which was held on March 9 
1891, as follows: — 

"To see if the town will appoint a 
In the year 1776 the population of fore the number of the inhabitants committee to consider and report to 
Medford consisted of 967 persons and equalled 1000. Each census, however, the town (1) whether or not it is ad- 
it was more than ten years later be- succeeding this period has shown an visable for the town to petition the 




lilt!; HONOR, MAYOR DWYER 



MEDFOnV, l'A6T AND FREHEST 



Massachusetts Legislature of 1S92 for 
a city charter, (2) and if such com- 
mittee considers such petition ad- 
visable, to report to the town what 
form of city government would be 
most desirable, together with any 
other recommendations in relation to 
the same subject." 

Under this article it was voted that 
a committee of five be appointed by 
the moderator which should retire and 
report to the meeting a committee of 
fifteen which should take the whole 
matter into consideration and report 
at some future meeting. The modera- 
tor appointed Albert P. Sise, Charles 
F. Paige. .Tohn A. Sullivan. George B. 
F. Maxwell and John D. Street, which 
committee afterward reported to the 
meeting the following list of names 
as a general committee: Samuel C. 
Lawrence, Albert F. Sise. J. Henry 
Norcross, Corliss Wadleigh, William 

B. Lawrence, Norwood P. Hallowell, 
John W. Bragdon, Benjamin C. Leon- 
ard, Daniel A. Gleason, Michael F. 
Dwyer, Benjamin F. Hayes, Morris W. 
Childs, Edward J. Gaffey, William C. 
Wait. John A. Sullivan; and the report 
of this committee was accepted. 

The general committee appointed a 
sub-committee which caused a census 
of the town to be taken in September, 

1891. the result showing a population 
of 12,100, an increase in fifteen 
months, since the government census, 
of June 1890, of 1,021 persons. A re- 
port was made to the town meeting 
held on November 9, 1891. recommend- 
ing that the town petition the next 
Legislature for incorporation as a 
city. Colonel N. P. Hallowell sub- 
mitted a minority report that it was 
inexpedient to make such a petition. 
The majority report was accepted by 
a vote of 204 to 18 and J. Henry Nor- 
cross, Samuel C. Lawrence, Benjamin 

C. Leonard. Benjamin P. Hayes and 
William Cu.shing Wait were appointed 
a committee to carry out the vote 
adopted. 

The General Court of 1892 granted 
a city charter which was accepted by 
the voters at a special meeting called 
for the purpose on October 6, 1892, 
by a vote of 382 to 342. The first city 
government which was chosen at the 
municipal election held December 13, 

1892, and inaugurated January 2, 1893, 
was composed of the following:- — 

Mayor, Samuel C. Lawrence: Board 
of Aldermen. Dana I. Mclntire, Walter 
P. Gushing, William Gushing Wait. 
Josiah R. Teel, Charles D. Archibald 
and Lewis H. Levering; Common 
Council, Ward One, Richard Gibson, 
Edmund H. Pennell, William W. Pin- 



der; Ward Two, Edward C. Ellis, 
Samuel W. Mayo, George T. Sampson; 
Ward Three, Henry S. Bridge, Charles 
H. Loomis, George H. Perry; Ward 
Four, Herman L. Buss, Robert M. 
Spinney, George B. Willis; Ward 
Five, William H. Casey, George D. 
Hall, Junior, William R. Maxwell; 
Ward Six, Allston H. Evans, Edward 
P. Kakas, Nahum E, Wilber. 

As a city, Medford has grown and 
developed as the years have gone by 
and to-day boasts of a population of 
23,000. Under Mayor Lawrence the 
machinery of a city government was 
set in motion and the administration 
of affairs w-as in charge of one of the 
ablest of executive officials. The mo- 
mentum which he gave to the progress 
of city matters was sufficient to carry 
us over the shoals and rocks of the 
river of municipal time for many 
years. The town had left a legacy to 
the city of wornout highways an in- 
adequate "sheet iron" -water system, 
deficient school accommodation, a dis- 
graceful police station and only one 
fire station of respectability. No 
sewer systeiu or drainage system was 
in existence, our only parks were 
those on Hastings Heights and the 
"desert" — otherwise the "Common" — 
on Salem street, unless what was 
called Brooks place might be included, 
and the only brick schoolhouse was 
the Washington, at that time familiar- 
ly known as the "Jumbo" from the 
fact that it was generally considered 
to be excessively large for our needs 

From this condition we have 
struggled onwards and upwards until 
to-day we have, in most respects, all 
the modern conveniences of a city 
New sections have been developed, 
fields and woods have been cleared 
and laid out for building purposes, and 
new business centres have sprung into 
existence. The valuation has increased 
from eleven to twenty-one millions of 
dollars. Horse cars have given place 
to the electric service and new lines 
have been constructed. Our streets, 
which in 1892 were lighted by a com- 
bination of kerosene and electricity 
at an expense of $11,000 have been ex- 
tended and many new ones constructed, 
are now entirely lighted by elec- 
tricity, the appropriation for this pur- 
pose for the current year being $20,- 
099. In the improvement of the city 
Logan Park, Magoun Park, Brooks 
Playstead and South Medford Park 
have been obtained and all but the 
latter laid out as beauty spots at a 
cost of over $40.ono. To provide for 
the education of the constantly in- 
creasing number of scholars frequent 




EDWAIIl) \V. H.iVES 
CITV COLLECTOR 

additional school accommodations 
have been necessary and to meet the 
needs a fine high school building has 
been constructed and also four others 
for lower grades, besides additions to 
several previously built, the total ex- 
penditures for the same being about 
$450,000. As an appendant to our 
education system the public library 
has grown both in the number of vol- 
umes and in the quality of its liter- 
ature as well as public accommoda- 
tions, and has required the construc- 




JAMEW B. SIMPSON 
CITY .MESSENGEB 



128 



MEDFOBD, PAST AND rHESEXT 



tion of an addition to the building at 
a cost of nearly $20,000. Two brick 
fi rehouses have been built at an ex- 
pense of $23,000 and a police station, 
one of the best in the suburban dis- 
trict, which cost nearly $30,000. Weir 
Bridge and Canal Bridge have been 
rebuilt, the appropriation for the lat- 
ter being $6500, the City of Somerville 
expending an equal amount. A com- 
plete sewer system has been con- 
structed, the city issuing bonds for 
the same to the amount of $350,000 
and the owners of abutting property 
on the streets where sewers have been 
built being assessed an equal amount, 
making the cost of our sewers to be 
$700,000. A high service water sup- 
ply was established costing $15,0o(i 
and was used for a number of years 
but on the introduction of Metropoli 
tan water, this becoming unnecessary 
\v;is discontinued. Brick .sidewalks 
and edgestones have been laid foi 
many miles and most of the highways 
have been thoroughly rebuilt and mac 
adamized, so that they are to-day 
equal to those of any of our neighbor 
ing towns and cities and superior tc 
most of them. 

In fact, the ancient town has be 
come the modern city, having spent 
in improvements alone during the lat 
ter's twelve years' of existence, in- 
cluding its sewer eofpenditures aud 
assessments nearly $1,300,000. This 
does not include the annual running 



expenses of the city. It is said that 
comparison.s are (xlinus, but certainly 
they are very iiiterestiug' and of educa- 
tional value. 

We have had excellent executive 
and administrative officials, two of the 
mayors having been re-elected and 
one, the first, absolutely refusing to 
accept of that honor. One official, Jlr. 
Parker R. Litchfield, City Treasurer, 
is certainly deserving of notice, having 




.VLr.STON V. .TOVCIO 
crrv ci.ERK 



been elected town clerk in 1865 and 
serving continuously in that capacity 
until the city was established, a pe- 
riod of twenty-eight years. He was 
elected town treasurer in 1876 and 
continuing in the similar position un- 
der the city, has served as such twen- 
ty-nine years. Certainly faithful, con- 
scientious service bears Its own re- 
ward in the appreciation of the citi- 
zens. 

The city charter which was granted 
in 1892 has been materially amended, 
this by act of the General Court of 
1903 providing for a single in place 
of a dual board of government, so that 
instead of a "City Council" of two 
branches and composed of twenty- 
four members, there is now a "Board 
of Aldermen" of twenty-one members. 

And what can I more say. I have 
enumerated only the principal of the 
city's "stock in trade." It is impos- 
sible in the limited space allowed to 
refer to minor details of improvement 
and progress which are everywhere 
manifest and which each and all bear 
fruit. 

To those who are interested in our 
beautiful city it would be advantage- 
ous to make a study of the matters 
referred to, and certainly they will 
find them godd evidence to prove that we 
are living in an age of progress and 
that Medford has entered the lists as 
one of the most progressive muni- 
cipalities in the Commonwealth. 





n iff IS "^'p'B^iW'jpllP^T 



i « 



MEDFORD INN OF TO-DAY, BUILT 1804. 
129 



The Medford Public Library 



By (tEorgk S. I)ki,an<) 



ON" tile north side of High street, 
eompanionably near the Armory, 
the purely eolonial building- oc- 
eupied by Medford's Public Li- 
brary stands on a gently sloping mound 
which spreads in a beautiful lawn to tlie 
east, the west, and to the highway. 

This structure, once the home of Jled- 
forcl's first ship builder, Thatcher Ma- 
goun, was given by him to the town, 
March 8, 1875, together witli a fund in 
cash for its improvement. 

We have spoken of the library as rep- 
resented to us to-day by the building 
which stands for it as a view-point. The 
library as an institution, however, has 
been a part of our life for fifty years. 

As a measurement of its possibilities 
in our educational life, we say, it contains 
approximately twenty-nine thousand vol- 
umes. What it is doing in the improve- 
ment of our people may be computed 
from the registration of the borrowers of 
books from it. Some four thousand regu- 
lar students — we think the name logi- 
cally applies — make constant use of its 
privileges. 

There are many larger collections of 
books for public use; — yes, but there 
are few more evenly balaiu-ed. more lil- 



ting to the name of public library. The 
young, the old, — all classes are considered 
in the making of this publir dispensation 
of knowledge. 

'•Xot books alone '", — tliat motto has 
been and now is the watchword of our 
library's managers. They have recognized 
the value of, and have placed before our 
people, the living words, the ideas trans- 
mitted l)y brush and pencil from brains 
of genius. They have hrouglit liefore lis 
examples in designs, in manual skill, in 
all lines througji whicli man's mind 
reaches when seeking an ujilift to the 
higher ideals. 

Artistically, the rooms of our library 
rank with the more sincere exponents of 
life beautiful. The arrangement of the 
distributing rooms jirovides easy access 
tci the shelves; the method of circulating 
tlie volumes is at once safe and demo- 
cratic, the minimum of red tape being 
considered surticient. 

The human force ^beliind this, as all 
other educational factors, is the para- 
mount factor, because force unintelli- 
gently applied is chaotic. 

In the early days of our library, Edwin 
C. liurbank, assisted by Miss Hepsie \V. 
Sviiiiiies, laid a foundation I'oi- its luaii- 



agenient which insured successful admin- 
istration. To-day, Miss Mary E. Sargent, 
assisted by Miss Hepsie W. Symmes and 
others, manages this institution so admi- 
rably that it is an example for similar 
work throughout the state. 

Yet another factor comes into library 
life. — a force unseen in the dally life, a 
force often unappreciated, but a potent 
force, — the trustees. Here we have 
three men, than whom no tlirec can he 
found who are better fitted for or more 
adapted to the work. 

(ieneral Samuel C. Lawrence gives to 
the trustees business ability and ex]>eri- 
ence of the highest order, and a native 
love for educational work; in fact he is, 
in a quiet way, au enthusiast on educa- 
tional lines: Reverend Henry C. DeLong, 
a peer among divines, a master among 
scholars, a citizen whose force is in every 
good thing: Honoralile .James A. Hervey, 
one fif the most scholarly men in tlie 
nation, thorough in all things; a man to 
whose life posterity will point for an 
example of thehighest type of citizenshiji. 

Medford is, and justly, proud of many 
components of its life. Of none is it 
more safely proud than of its Public 
Library. 



130 



Medford Railroad Accommodations 



1!y MoliTIMKK E. WlT.liHK 




FRED E. <-HES 



[.AKK 1>A\ II) K. AK< illUAI.I 



EI.LsW ..Kill 



PrULIC travelfrom Medfci-d U> Hos- 
tnii, jirevidus to I80I. was by means 
of stage ciiaclies or private car- 
riages. In that year the Boston and 
Lowell Railroaid was surveyed through 
West Medford, partially in response to a 
petition in 18vi!l. The Middlesex Canal, 
however, was owned by men who little 
desired to see their enterprise rendered 
useless, so they strenuously ojniosed the 
idea of a railway by all the most ingen- 
ious arguments at their eommaml. In a 
report of legislative proceedings pub- 
lished Janviary '25. 1830, an Ipswich man 
was reported to have said: "Railways. 
Mr. Speaker, may ib. well enough in old 
countries, but will never l)e the thing tor 
so young a country as this. When you 
can make the rivers run back, it will be 
time enough to make a railway." Xi.t- 
withstanding the pathetic remonstrances 
of the canal proprietors, the projectors 
of till' new road persisted and secured a 
charter, dated|.Iune .5, 1830, bearing names 
of John F. Loring, Lemuel Pope, Isaac 
P. Davis, Kirk Hoot, Patrick T. .Jackson. 
George W. Lyman, and Daniel P. Parker. 
There were five directors, and one tlinu- 



saud shares were issued. Within twenty 
years thereafter the canal lost all patrnn- 
age. Its mission was over, and its owners 
sadly gave up. 

The cost of the railroad was enormousi 
as granite blf)cks were used beneath the 
rails, with the idea of greater durability 
to account for the great outlay. The con- 
tact of iron againststone showed the tolly 
of the experiment, as the rails, machinery 
of tile locomotives and cars wore out so 
rajiidly tliat wooden ties were substituted. 
There have been three stations at West 
Medford, first a small affair built 18:!."). 
now forming part uf a liouse near Pres- 
cott street: tile next was Iniilt about 
18.")."), and the present unique structure, 
of stDUe. was built in 188."). Until 1881, 
the telegrapli in tlie station was used ex- 
clusively for railroad i)iirposes. In that 
year, on petition of prominent citizens, 
the general public were allowed to send 
telegraph messages. 

One of the first advertisements of the 
road, .lime I'T, 183."), reads as follows: 
"The cars will continue to run, till further 
notice, as at present, viz. : Leave Lowell 
at I) a.m. and !"_'.30 p.m. Leave I?i)ston at 



9 a.m. and .").:!0 p.m. Xn baggage can be 
taken except what belongs to passengers. 
Allowance to each, forty pounds. As soon 
as burtlien cars can be provided, notice 
will be given tor the transportation of 
merchandise." 

Passengers were required to tell the con- 
ductor at which station they wished to 
stop, whereupon he would signal the en- 
ineertostopthe train at the iiroi)er place. 
The signal was a rnunddisk, which would 
be jprojected from the side of the train. 
Tliis'would be seen by the engineer, and 
lie did the rest. In January, 1873, the 
road generously passed a rule allowing 
ordained clergymen to ride at half fare, 
and instructed ticket masters to provide 
clergymen in their vicinity with tickets. 

The railroad was a most important 
factor in opening up West Medford's real 
estate, the building up of new houses, 
and the acquisition of a large residential 
population of a class materially and so- 
cially advantageous to the city. 

The stations on the Lowell Railroad — 
now the southern division of the Boston 
and .Maine — are West Medford, once 
called Medf..rd (;ates. Medford Hillside, 



once Meclford Steps, anfl Tufts Cullcge, 
formerly called College Hill. 

The Medford Branch Railroad was in- 
corporated March 7, 184.'). The names of 
the petitioners were: James (). Curtis, 
Henry L. Stearns, Joseph Manning, 
junior, Daniel Lawrence, Nathaniel H_ 
Bishop and Andrew Blanchard, junior. 
January 22, 1845, the town of Medford 
passed a resolution favoring the branch, 
and a committee of citizens employed 
James Hayward to make surveys where- 
by an estimate of the cost might be 
known. 

This was done, and the estimate of 
cost of excavations, masonry, buildings, 
superstructures, etc., was thirty-eight 
thousand two hundred and eight dcdlars 



MEDFOUD, PAST AND PliE.SENT 

and sixty cents. By act of incijrporation, 
capital stock was limited to one thou- 
sand shares, at one hundred dollars each. 
The branch was completed, and proved 
satisfactory. The Me<lford terminal sta- 
tion has been always located on Main 
street, ;where, with alterations, additions, 
and various improvements, it continues 
its usefulness. The way stations i>ii tlic 
branch are at Park street and Glciiwmxl. 
Wellington station is on the main line 
near the curve of the branch. 

The station agents on the Mcilfiml 
Branch Kailroad are as follows: 

V. E. Cliesley, entered service of B. & 
M. R. R. January l.i, 1SS:1. appointed 
agent at'Medford, .luly (i, I'.li);!. 



Judc C. Clark, entered service of B. it 
M. R. R., November 20, 1869, appointed 
agent at Park street, June ?>, 1870. 

Uavid E. Archibald, entered service of 
B. & M. K. R., April 1, 1877, appointed 
agent at Glenwood, July G, 1903. 

Charles A. Ellsworth, entered service 
and appointed agent at Wellington, Ajuil 
■j;;, lS8:i. 

The Stoneham branch mad, incorpo- 
rated May_l.i, 1851, by Thaddeus Richard- 
son, Amasa Farrier and William Young, 
was commenced and graded from Stone- 
ham into bounds of Jledford. Further 
construction suddenly ceased, and tlie 
project was abandoned. 



T:: 





HUUSE BUILT BY CRAUOCKS -MEN 



132 



The Medford Police Department 




TUK law-enfdi'cing power of the 
tiiwn in the early years was ((in- 
filled to the services of constaliles 
elected annually at town meetings. 
These fnnctionaries were selected for 
their bravery to go out nights, or break 
np a row down on the patch, or drive 
tliieving boys out of orchards and away 
from line estates. 

Tile badge of the constable and the 
billy he secreted in his pocket were his 
emblems of authority. 

The small boy did not run around the 



corner every time he saw a "blue-coat" 
coming, cognizant of the fact that he 
deserved punishment, for in tlie early 
days there were no "blue-couts," and the 
little law-breaker went bathing in full 
daylight, shied a rock through the win- 
dow of an unoccupied house, or did 
anytliing else lie took a notion to do. 

After a while the selectmen appointed 
special policemen "without pay," the 
business men of the town generally com- 
posing tile rank and lile of the defenders 
of law and order. 



When one of the "specials " made an 
arrest, he called it good fortune, as he 
took in quite a witness fee for attending 
trial, travel, and summoning witnesses. 
There is no record that these specials 
ever took part in the apprehension of 
murderers, desperados or thieves. 

The lock-up was in the basement of 
tlic engine house. High street. 

In tlie year ISTO. three patrolmen were 
appointed for night duty, and the police 
station removed to the town hall build- 
ing, where it remained until July, 1895, 



133 



MEDFOBD, PAtiT AND PRESENT 



when the new building was oeeuiiiecl. 
The removal tf> the new site was an event 
of joy to oftieers and prisoners alike, for 
no more inconvenient and disagreeable 
place could have been [used for any 
purpose. 

In 1874, the police force was reorgan- 
ized, with (-leorge W. W. Saville as chief. 
Mr. Saville was possessed of special 
fitness for the work which he had on 
hand to perform, and the wisdom which 
he displayed is still seen in the j'resent 
able condition of the force. Mr. Saville 
was a deputy sheriff of Middlesex county, 
and the duties of that position required 
his whole time. He is now special sheriff 
of the county. 

August 1, 1884, Chief Saville ga\e way 
to General .Jophanus H. Wliitney, who 
bad been a jjatrolman since 18"(i. (ieneral 



Whitney remained until November 21, 
1887, when he resigned to accept his 
present position of detective on the State 
police force. 

Edward C. Holmes, who bad been a 
patrolman since September 14, 1881, was 
promoted tf> be the head of the depart- 
ment (in General Whitney's departure, 
and he now holds the position, paying to 
it his closest attention, and performing 
his duties with ability, courtesy and fair- 
ness. He is greatly esteemed by citizens 
and associates as well. 

In 1881, the force consisted of a chief 
and six patrolmen. It now consists of a 
chief, one sergeant, nineteen patrolmen, 
four reserve and nine special officers. 

A new patrol wagon has just lieen con- 
structed, and the Gamewell police signal 
system has recently been installed. 



The present headquarters are as good 
as any force of the size of Medford's could 
ask. It was one of General Lawrence's 
progressive ideas to secure the present 
building during his administration. 

The officers of the force are as follows ; 
Chief, Emery D. Holmes; sergeant, 
William G. Ewell; patrolman, John 
Grady, James H. Kane, P. Frank Ward, 
Francis C. Thieler, Frederick J. Lewis, 
Alfi-ed Haskell, Charles H. Watson, 
Daniel K. Richardson, Daniel W. 
Connors, George H. Lenox, William G. 
Golding, Charles H. Ewell, Thomas F. 
Connors, John B. A. Buffum, J. Everett 
Pierce, William H. Gowing, Daniel J. 
Fitzjjatrick, John J. Manning, John F. 
Welch; reserve patrolman, Jeremiah J. 
Ilartwell, Frederick W. Blake, Alexander 
M. Higgins, Michael Callahan. 




MAGOUN MANSION ON HIGH STREET 



134 



Fraternities of Medford 



Purity Rebekah Lodge No. y4, I. O. 
O. F., is made up of a large memeber- 
ship which has grown from an active 
charter list whtn the lodge was in- 
stituted in 1S91. Meetings are held 
second and fourth Tuesdays of each 
month in Odd Fellows' Hall, Medford. 
The officers are: Noble Grand, Mrs. 
Edith L. Richards; vice-grand, Mrs. 
Alice Staples; recording secretary, 
Mrs. Jessie Richards: financial secre- 
tary, Miss Helen Lauriat; treasurer, 
Mrs. Abbie Richards; warden, Mrs. 
i.^ay Young; conductor, Miss Addle 
Newcomb; inside guardian; Mrs. Nel- 
lie Metcalf; outside guardian, Myron 
G. Curtis; chaplain, Mrs. Jennie 
Scrannage; supporters, noble grand, 
i.xrs. Carrie Young and Mrs. George 
E. Getchell; supporters, vice-grand, 
Mrs. Ida Wolfe and Miss Addie Sears; 
banner bearers, Mrs. Angie F. Claris, 
Mrs. Lilla Oliver, Mrs. Carrie Palmer 
and Mrs. Levi Cole; past grand, Mrs. 
Myron G. Curtis. 



^uard of wigwam; Richard Clark, 
guard of forest. 



Hiawatha Tribe, No. 34, of the Im- 
proved Order of Red Men was institu- 
tedi February 3, 1S87, and during its 
existence has adopted many pale fac- 
es. Meetings are held In G. A. R. 
hall, the first and second Tuesdays of 
each month. The officers elected 
June, 1905, are: J. T. Michener, pro- 
phet; John F. Readon, sachem; M. F. 
Buckley, senior sagamore; Charles 
Dineen, junior sagamore; Charles H. 
Black, chief of records; Edward L. 
Fitzpatrick, collector of wampum; J. 
M. Bragdon, keeper of wampum; L. 
L.. Bragdon, first sanap; James Green- 
wood, second sanap; N. F. Porter, 



Home Lodge, No. 124. Knights and 
Ladies of Honor was instituted De- 
cember 31, 1878 with twenty-three 
charter members, many of whom have 
since died. Wiih continued prosperi- 
ty, the lodge has a membership or six- 
ty. The officers for the present year of 
Home Lodge are: Past protector, Eben 
F. Roberts; protector, Mrs. S. A. Ben- 
son; vice-protector, Carl A. Benson; 
secretary, W. P. Treet; financial 
secretary, F. W. Holt; treasurer, Mrs. 
E. M. W. Holt; chaplain, Mrs. D. B. F. 
Clark; guide, J. Walter Stevenson: 
guardian, ^vlrs. L. R. Stevenson; sen- 
tinel, C. H. Clark. Since Odd Fel- 
lows' Hall was erected, its meetings 
are held therein, the second and fourth 
Thursdays of each month. 



West Medford. The first officers were: 
P. N. C, Mrs. Annette Crowell; N. C, 
M. P. Bearse; V. N. C, Mrs. Augusta 
R. Crosby; prelate, Herbert N. Ack- 
erman; treasurer, J. H. Gerrish; F. K. 
of R. W. H. Henderson; K. of Rec, 
J. H. Chute; Herald, W. E. Ober; W. 
I. G., Mrs. F. L. Wolf; W. O. G., P. 
A. Oxnard. The oflBcers installed 
January, I'JOS, were: Cuthbert H. Low- 
ell, noble commander: Mrs. Helen 
Dunklee, vice-commander; Nathan T. 
Souther, noble keeper of records; 
Charles J. Eeles, financial keeper olf 
records; Mrs. Clara Stewart, treasur- 
er; Miss Julia Howard, worthy pre- 
late; Alexander R. Johnston, worthy 
herald; Miss Elizabeth Canty, past 
noble commander: Frank Marshall, 
warder inner gate; Percy Wolfe, war- 
der outer gate. Meetings are held first 
audi third Mondays of each month in 
Odd P\dliiws' Hall. 



Mystic court. No. 77, M. C. 0. F. cel- 
ebrated Its fifteenth anniversary De- 
cember 12, 1904. in Haniiony Hall. 
Officers now are: C. R, Patrick Phe- 
lan; V. C. R., Thomas O'Brien; R. S., 
William F. McNeill: F. S., Michael J. 
Maher; treasurer, John J. Crockwell; 
S. C, Peter Kelley; J. C, Bartholo- 
mew Piggott; I. S., Michael Beatly; 
O. S., Edward Maginuis; trustees, 
John Crowley, John J. Crockwell and 
Luke Coyne; court physician, Dr. W. 
J. Burke. 



UNITED ORDER GOLDEN CROSS 
Brooks Commandery 

United Order of Golden Cross was 
instituted Jan. 7, 1889, in Mystic hall, 



Foresters of America are represent- 
ed in Medford by Court City of Med- 
ford, which is five years of age, and 
has ninety-six members. The officers 
are: Junior past chief ranger, Daniel 

F. Cantwell; chief ranger, M. F. 
Buckley ; sub-chief ranger, Thomas Mc- 
Mahon; treasurer, J. P. Bresnahan; 
financial secretary, William Golden; 
recording secretary, P. J. Flemming; 
senior woodward, James E. Barry; 
junior woodward, A. J. McDonald; 
senior beadle, .Tames Hayes; junior 
beadle, T. Tucker; lecturer, M. J. 
Bresnahan: trustees, A. P. McDonald, 
John C. Gillis, M. Mahoney; physician, 

G. H. Packard. 



The Medford National Bank 



FOR many years the business iiifii 
of Medford waited for some enter- 
prising man or men to launi-h foi'tU 
tire idea of providing a place in 
which the exchange of money and the 
accommodation of note discounts might 
be made. The Savings Bank formed one 
system of banking, but it was not of tlie 
commercial nature. It was impossible 
to borrow small sumsof money or a note 
or to get discounts on larger amnunts at 
the savings institution. The lucicliiiiil'- 




DANA 1. MCIXTIKK 

were forced to keep their aci-inuits in 
National banks out of town or else keep 
their funds in the safes, which was not 
wi.se, neither was it business-like. 

It was as late as the winter of IS'.iii 
that anyone showed "sand" enougli to 
enter upon the undertaknig. Ilonorable 
Lewis H. Lovering, the mayoratthe time, 
saw the necessity of a bank, and also saw 
a possibly good investment for ca}iital 
invested under economical and enterjiris- 
ine regim6. 



lie called several meetings and had nu- 
merous personal interviews with several 
of the principal men of the city, and, as a 
result, on December 1, 1899, the first 
meeting of the incorporators of tlic luo- 
posed bank was held at the office of the 
mayor, Lewis H. Lovering. Articles of 
association were drawn up and signed 
by the the following gentlemen: Jnlin 1). 
Street, .lohn F. Libby, Benjamin C. 
Leonard, .Joseph E. Ober, .James W. 
Dunphy, William P. Martin, (i. l'>lward 
Smith, Ilervey A. Hanscom, William 
Wardwell, Josei)h K. Manning, Lewis H. 
Lovering, Benjamin F. Ilayes, Lombard, 
Williams, Dana I. Mclntire, Charles II. 
Adan\s, William E. Barrett, Edward W. 
Ilayes, Samuel C. Lawrence, .Josiali I!. 
Teele. 

On February 1, 19UU, the bank opened 
its doors for business at its present 
(|uarters in the Opera House building on 
High street. Since then there has been 
a steady and assured growth at business 
and now, at the close of the fifth year of 
its e.Kistence,'the Jledford National Bank 
is an institution, the success of which has 
far exceeded the exjiectations of every- 
one and is a credit to our city and indis- 
pensable to her citizens. 

Dana I. Mclntire was the first presi- 
dent, which office he now holds. H. K. 
Reynolds, junior, of the Faneuil Ilall 
National Bank, of Boston, was the first 
cashier, but after five months he resigned, 
and July, 1900, was succeeded by Charles 
II. Barnes, the present cashier. 

Changes have taken place in the owner- 
ship of the bank's stock which at lirst 
was controlled by Boston parties, but 
later has been more widely distributed, 
and is now owned almost wholly by resi- 
dents of Medford. The institution which 
is local as to ownership, gets considera- 
ble Boston business and dep(jsits through 
the hustling qualities of its officers and 
board of directors. 

Lewis H. Lovering, Dana I. Mclntire, 
William P. Martin, Charles H. Sawyer, 
.losiah ;R. Teel. Austin L. Baker, Law- 
rence T. Sawyerare the present directors. 



The fidlo wing are the officers of the bank; 
President, Dana I. Mclntire; vice-jiresi- 
dent, Charles H. Sawyer; cashier, Charles 
II. Barnes; attorney, William P. Martin; 
tinance committee, D. I. Mclntire, William 
P. Martin. 

Dana I. Mclntire, president of the 
JIe<lford National Rank, was born in Tuf- 
tonborough. New Hampshire. Leaving 
there at the age. of sixteen he came to 
Boston and entered a grocery store as re- 
tail clerk. After six year's service at this 
place he went to work for Simpson, Mc- 
lntire & Comjiany of which firm he has 
been a member for the past thirty years. 

He was a member of the first Medford 
Board of Alderman, and for two years 
was inesident of that body. When the 




CHARLES II. BARNES 

Medford Co-operative Bank was formed 
he was made president and he has held 
that office to the xiresent time. 

Charles H. Barnes, cashier of the Med. 
ford National Bank, was born in Ply- 
mouth, November 1, 1860, of good Puri- 
tan stock. He attended the scho(ds of 
that town and graduated at the Plymouth 
High School, class of "77. In the following 



136 



year his parents moved tn Medfunl. For 
nineteen years he was bookkeeper for the 
lirni of John A. Andrews & Company 
and tlieii' predeeessors, wholesale grocers 
of llostdii, and the last twelve years he 
ai-ted in the eapaeity of head bookkeeper 
and credit man of the firm, continuini; 
with them until they went out of bnsness. 
It was while he was enoaged in liquidat- 
ing theattairs of .Tidin A.Andrews & Com- 
pany that he was offered the position of 
cashier in tlie Medford institution, au<l 
in July, I'.KKI, he accepted the place and 



MEDFOnD, PAST AND PnKSKNT 

took active management of the Xational 
Bank here. 

Jlr. Barnes is socially connected with 
several institutions in the city, including 
jrt. Herman Lodge, F. A. & A. .M., tlie 
Medford Club, Unitarian Club, ami the 
National Hank Cashiers' Association, of 
Massachusetts. He is married and resides 
at 87 Oakland street. 

Clinton S. Hebard, the teller of the 
bank, is a native of Cambridge, born in 
that city, November 14, 1877. lie grail- 
uatcd at TIarvaril, class of 1900; was en- 



gaged to take his iiresent position the 
November following his graduation, and 
has l)ecu a resident of this city since tliat 
time. 

Miss Sarah L. Tucker is stenograidier 
and clerk. 

W. P. Martin, Ksci., the bank attorney, 
was the organizer of the bank, and has 
always worked hard for its best interests, 
lie formerly residefl in this city. His 
jiresent home is in Lcxingt(m. He is 
a son of the well kmiwu Dr. Pearl Martin 
of this city. 



^ 




RESIDENCE OF PETER BROOKS, GROVE STREET, 



137 



The Newspapers of Medford 



By Moktimku K. Wilber 



TllK leisurely, luxurious life as edi- 
tor or iiublishcr of a Medford news- 
|,aiier evidently did not appeal to 
anyone in the early or middle 
period of town history, as tradition is 
silent on the subject, and tangible evi- 
dence is also lacking. Not until about 
1850 do we learn that a newspaper man 
became a pioneer in the Medford journa- 
listic wildei'ness and attempted to main- 
tain a small sheet of local intelligence. 
At about that time a paper is known to 
have been issued under the name of '• The 
Medford Journal." It was a small, four- 
page venture, with probably four columns 
to a page, but after a few issues seems to 
have died. 

The next attempt was made by llou(ir- 
able .James M. Usher, of West Medford. 
who also selected the name of " Medford 
Journal." The first number was dated 
December 24, 1870, and but a fragment 
of that Hrst issue is known to exist. Mr. 
Usher says: "The secoml number of the 
.Journal will be issued early in January, 
after which we hope to send it out 
freighted with local news and choice fam- 
ily reading every week. . . . We have been 
pleased with the general expression of 
approval of our efforts to establish a local 
paper in Medford." The advertisements 
are, in part, those of (ieorge H. Kendall, 
dealer in fresh and .salt beef, etc.; D. 
B. Callender, groceries and hardware; 
Chai-les W. Jacobs, boots and shoes; 
James W. Tufts, apothecary; E. Teel & 
Company, manufacturer of wagons; A. 
P. Hartshorn; Daniel Vaughan, tailor; 
E. C. Holmes, livery stable; E. S. Read, 
dry goods, Allston street; D. 1!. Wooley, 
dry goods and small wares; ]'. K. Teele, 
furniture and furnishings; S. (>. jiinck 
and J. H. Norton, both carpenters and 
builders; also an ailvertisement publish- 
ing the town ordinance on use of water, 
with Parker Litchfield, clerk of the water 
board. The two outside pages were 
given uj) to miscellaneous family reading. 



stories, and poetry. The two inside images 
were devoted to local items, also news 
from Winchester and Arlington, editor- 
ials and advertising. The news partially 
reflected the town life, discussing re- 
moval of town pump, agitating a new 
town hall, expatiating on the beauties of 
Medford, its development, new indus- 
tries, church and society activities, criti- 
cisms of town fathers, births, deaths, 
and some marriages, ]n'aising the schools, 
referring often to Frank Hervey's read- 
ings, to James M. Usher's public acts of 
the day, mingling the serious, humorous, 
sarcastic and aggressive. 

The "Journal" was puljlished until 
about 1874, when, havingbeen purchased 
by Thomas A. Scott, it was soon discon- 
tinued. 

The second newspaper in the town 
was "The Medford Chronicle," a seven- 
colu7iin ijaper, first aiipearing January, 
1872, edited and published by Amos B. 
Morss, also of West Medford. This paper 
was of four pages, and quite similar in 
make-up to its predecessor. Mr. Morss, 
who now at lives at 21 Auburn street, 
still retains a few copies of his paper, 
wliich was issued Saturdays, with office 
at Medford Square. 

He is almost the first, if not first, pub- 
lisher to use what are termed " patent 
outsides." 

Next came the •■ Medford Mercury," 
an eight-column, four-page paper, first 
issued December 18, 1880. It was pub- 
lished by Samuel W. Lawrence, and, al- 
though William E. Smythe was local 
editor for a while, George W. Stetson 
served as such until three years ago. In 
January, 1882, Mr. Lawrence purchased 
the '■Chronicle" and united it with his 
paper. 

During its long career the "Mercury" 
has seen several other papers enjoy nu>re 
or less ephemeral existence. They have 
started out with brilliant expectations of 
long life and usefulness in spreading the 



news and coining shekels, but sooner or 
later they were consigned to the news- 
jjaper graveyards. 

The " Riverside News " was a transient 
sheet, bright and snappy while it lasted. 
It was published in Medford proper, by 
S. A. Wetmore, and a few copies of it are 
in existence. 

In 18(12, the " .Medford City News " was 
started, with publii'ation office on Salem 
street, near Park street. William R. Mur- 
phy was its first editor. He occupied the 
desk but a short time, when Charles H. 
Hillman assumed the position, and the 
paper is remembered for its newsy, vigor- 
ous character. It lived about fourteen 
months. 

No sooner had it ceased to breathe, 
metaphorically speaking, than the " Jled- 
ford Times " began to seek subscribers. 
It was published at Pleasant-street court 
by a man whose last name was Longhead. 
A few months sufficed for its birth, life 
and death. 

Another paper that seemed destined to 
beconu' popular and of long life was the 
"Medford Citizen," which made its first 
public appearance October 11, 1001. The 
Citizen was issued by experienced news- 
paper men, who made it Interesting, able, 
progressive and pimgent. Charles Daniels 
Rooney, a former Medford boy, but now 
resident in Winchester, was editor. He 
was also a correspondent of the Boston 
Globe. Charles H. Hillman, a Boston 
Herald man, was business manager, and 
Richard T. Howard, of the Boston Jour- 
nal, was advertising manager; these men, 
with Charles S. Baxter and Lombard Wil- 
liams, forming a cimipany. Shortly after- 
wards this company was increased by the 
addition of James Mott Hallowell and 
(Jilbert Hodges. The editorial office was 
at first in the Opera House building, then 
moved to the building at 7 High street. 

It was on February 14, 1902, that the 
" Medford Mercury " was sold to ,John F. 
Wood, of Gleasondale; and Samuel W. Law- 



MEDFOUIK PAST AND PliESKNT 




reiiee, after tweiity-cme years of faithful, 
conscientious work, relinciuished his con- 
nection with the paper owing to ill heal tli. 
Mr. Wood, with his brother Charles A. 
Wood, maintained the Mercury in a man- 
ner evidencing their long experience in 
suburban journalism. The two pajiers 
continued to lead separate lives until 
October, 1002, when by a business ar- 
rangement the two were merged into 
the Mercury-Citizen, so-called for a short 
time, and then early in 1004, the old title, 
" Medford Mercury," was resumed in full 
and the jilant and office of publication 
was removed to 80 Main street, where it 
now is. The edition for the West Medford 
district was designated "The Citizen" 
and all others "The Medford Mercury." 
Owing to the postal laws this arrangement 
was not feasible. The word " Citizen " 
was dropped entirely, and " Medford 
Mercury " remained. 



At the beginning of .January, 1005, an- 
other business arrangement was effected 
whereby -John F. Wood sold his interest 
in The Medford Publishing Company, 
as the business title had been, and the 
"Mercury" changed its personnel. 

JIany improvements in plant and office 
accommodations, and an increased office 
force, have resulted in producinga paper 
excellent in quality and quantity of news, 
editorials, advertisements, and live local 
articles of special interest. 

Captain Henry W. Pitman, of Somer- 
ville, an experienced newspaper man and 
familiar with Medford people and affairs, 
is the present editor of the " Mercury." 

fieorge W. Stetson on Decemljer 17, 
100:^, became editor of a new paper, the 
" Medford Leader," which was published 
by E. B.Thorndike & Company, with pub- 
lication office at Main street. Since Jan- 
uary, 190.5, E. B. Thorndike has, incom- 

139 



pany with his son, confined his attention 
to general printing and type-setting busi- 
ness at the corner of Main and Harvard 
streets. 

In closing, it would not be well to omit 
four single publications by .James M. 
Usher in 1S80. The " Keformer," of April 
22, was issued to agitate public opinion in 
favor of a constitutional amendment pro- 
hibiting the manufacture or sale of intox 
icants. The "Advertiser," .June 22, was 
what its name implies, and besides many 
local "ads "was mainlycomposed of stere- 
otyped matter. The "Middlesex Union," 
of .June 20, was practically the same as the 
"Advertiser," except that it contained 
a sermon preached by Reverend .Tames 
M. Usher. The "Brooks Advocate," .Jan- 
uary 2fi, was devoted to a presentation of 
arguments favorable to the incorporation 
of West Medford as a separate town un- 
der name of Brooks. The issue also con- 



MEDFOBD, PAST AND PRESENT 

tnined facts intended to show West Med- ciples of ditferent people. Since 1870, its way. Its endeavor is to publish a local 

ford's individual importance inevery way, therefore, the city has not lacked the newspaper which shall he enterprising, 

to support the arguments advanced. Many means of disseminating information of gjert able, progressive, and devoted to 

single issues at various times have been any nature. The Medford Mercury, how- ^^^^ -^^^^ interests of Aledford. 
published to proclaim pet ideas and prin- ever, has steadily held the even tenor of 




THE "OPTIMUS" PRESS ON WHICH THE MERCURY IS PRINTED 



140 



The Cities of the Dead 



By John 11. Hodi-er 




Sdl.niERS' MONUMENT IN OAKIGROVE CEMETERY 



The Old Burying Place 



THE tirstiueiitidiiof a burying place 
in the town of Medford was when 
the estate ()£ Major Jonathan Wade 
was divided among liis heirs. 
Major Wade died in the year lOSO, and 
in the divi.sion of his estate there was 
set off to Dudley Wade, his only surviv- 
ing son, "that little pasture called tlie 
Burying Plaee, allowing f>nly one-quarter 
of an acre of the said burying place, with 
a gangway to it, to be a burying place 
for the whole family."' 
This ijrivate burying place was the 



nucleus of the Old Salem Street Burying 
(iround. Whether it was so u.sed by the 
inhabitants of the plantation prior to the 
jmrchase of the estate by Major Wade 
cannot be determined, as there are no 
stonesantedatiug Ma jorWade's purchase. 
As the town increased in population it 
became desirable that there should be a 
burying jilace established for the whole 
town, .\cciu-dingly, at a town meeting 
held on the twentieth day of March 1705, 
it was " Put to vote, whether the town 
shall discourse Mr. Dudley Wade, refer- 
ring to the proposals made this meeting 
l)y Stephen Willis, Jun., in said Wade's 



behalf, respecting the burying place in 
Medford, and make return to the town, 
at the next town's meeting." Voted in 
the affirmative. 

Whatever may have been the nature of 
the proposals made to tlie town in regard 
to this burying place, it is evident that 
no action was taken at that time, result- 
ing in bringing the burying place into the 
possession of the town, for, on the twelfth 
day of August 1709, Dudley Wade sold to 
Stephen Willis, "Upland and marsh, with 
part of a barn standing on the same . . . 
with the liberty of a passageway for a 
Cart at all times through the burying 



MEDFORB, PAST AND PRESENT 



jilaoe (if said Wade and liberty of sjiread- 
ing hay on the same.'" The barn men- 
tioned in this sale was the "C4reat Barn'' 
of Major Wade's and doubtless also that 
of (iovernor Cradook. 

Between the above mentioned date and 
May 15, 171", the town came into posses- 
sion of the buryingjilace (there is no rec- 
ord of any transfer either in the town or 
county records) as will be seen by a vote 
of the town passed May l."i. 1717. "Put 
to vote, w'hether the town will choose a 
a Comnuttee to join with the Selectmen 
to view some land ottered by Jlr. Aaron 
Cleaveland and .lidin Willis, for the en- 
largement of the burying iilace near Mis- 
tick Bridge, and to bring in a report to 
the town of same at the next town-meet- 
ing, both of the price of said land and 
the convenience of the same for the 
use aforesaid."" 

Voted in the affirmative, an<l Cajitain 
Tufts, Deacon Willis, Deacon Whitmore, 
Ensign Francis, Captain Brooks and En- 
sign Hall were cliosen to be joined with 
the selectmen in making up the com- 
mittee. 

( )n the tenth day of the following.Iune, 
the committee submitted their report, 
and it was " Put to vote, whether the 
town will give Mr. Aaron Cleaveland and 
.John Willis, for a small parcel of land 
for an addition to the burying jilace that 
lyeth between Mistick River and (Gravelly 
Bridge,afterthe rateof thirty-two pounds 
per Acre." "Also whether the town will 
give the said John Willis as aforesaid 
for further addition of about "20 jioles, 
voted in the affirmative."" 

"At said meeting. Put to vote whether 
the town will choose three jiersons to 
acquaint Mr. Cleaveland and John Willis 
with the vote of the town referring to 
the land for an addition to the bxirying 
place, and if said Cleaveland and Willis 
comply with said vote, then said pers(ms 
to measure and stake out said land and 
make report to the town at the next 
town-meeting of their proceedings there- 
in, voted in the affirmative." Ensign 
Stephen Francis. Deacon Whitmore and 
Captain Eben Brooks were chosen as the 
committee. 

At a meeting of the town, held June 
24, 1717, the committee made their re- 
port, as follows: — "That Mr. Aaron 
Cleaveland and John W^illis comply with 
the vote of the town as to the price of a 
small piece of land for an addition to the 
burying place, as to that land that be- 
longs to said Cleaveland and Willis. But 



said J(din Willis does not comply with 
the vote of the town, as to the price of the 
other piece of land for a further addition 
to the burying jilace, that is' his own 
peculiar land. Also it was i)Ut to vote 
whether the town would raise six pounds 
to pay for said land, to be exactly meas- 
ured by the former committee, voted in 
the affirmative." 

February 10. 1718. "In consideration 
of the sum of four pounds fourteen shil- 
lings current money of Xew England, 
Aaron Cleaveland and John Willis s(dd 
to the town of Medford, two parcels of 
land adjoining the burying ground. 1st. 
parcel lying northeast of said burying 
ground bounded southeast on said 
grounds, southeast on the highway laid 
out to said grounds, northeast on the 
Country road, northwest on land of said 
Cleaveland. 2d. parcel lying on the 
southwest side of said burying grounds, 
bounded northeast on said grounds, 
southeast, southwest and northwest on 
lan<l of said Cleaveland, both parcels 
containing 23 1-4 and 1-27 Poles."" 

At a town meeting held on the twelfth 
day of May, 1718, it was "Put to vote, 
whether the burying jilace, some time 
past bought of Mr. Aarcm Cleaveland, be 
continued in said Cleaveland's hands, as 
to herbage, until the town give further 
order; and, when the town see cause to 
fence it, it shall be fenced at the town's 
proper cost: and whether that, forth- 
with, a board fence be erected at the 
front of the land, with a gate and lock, 
voted in the affirmative." 

On the tenth day of Decendier. 17:!8, 
the town instructed the selectmen to 
fence the fnmt of the burying place, 
"with good red cedar posts and white 
pine boards, and to make gates, and 
coulor the same red." Evidently the se- 
lectmen were slow in complying with 
the instructions of the town, or it they 
did .so, the fence was short-lived, for on 
the twenty-fifth of March, 1740, tlic town 
again voted "tc> have the front of tlie 
burying place fenced in with a hand- 
some board fence, with gates in the 
middle of said burying place," and one 
year later, nothing having been done to- 
wards building the fence, the town voted: 
"that the committee chosen in March 
last passed, be continued, viz: — tci fence 
thef routof the burying place, and tliey are 
desired to fence as soon as convenient."" 

The subject of building tombs in the 
bui'ying place came first before the town 
on the fifth day of March, 17:^8-39, when 



a committee was chosen to confer with 
any persons in said town that desire to 
build tombs, and March 7, 17.'J7, the town 
voted " that some of the inhabitants 
may build tombs in the front of the 
burying place where the fence stands." 

In the year 1773, the town again en- 
larged the burying place by the purcliase 
of land from Christopher Page. In con- 
sideration of the sum of six pounds he 
sells the town fourteen square rods of 
land adjoining the burying place, bounded 
niprtherly on the Country road leading to 
Charlestown sixteen feet; westerly on 
other land of said Page eleven and one 
fourth rods; southerly upon Hezekiah 
Blanchard's land sixteen feet and easterly 
upon the burying place. The deed is dated 
December 18, 1767. 

Again May 2.5, 1776, Samuel Teel sold 
to the town about one-fourth acre of land 
bounded northerly on the Country road; 
easterly on the burying place; southerly 
on Captain Isaac Hall's land; westerly on 
a way leading from the Country road 
down to the w'harfs. 

In the year 1773. the town voted unani- 
mously to sell to Hezekiah Blanchard 
twelve square feet of land adjoining the 
burying place for the .sum of twelve shil- 
lings lawful money. Mr. Blanchard atthat 
time owned and operated the distillery 
in the building now occupied by the 
Boston & Maine Railroad Company as an 
engine honse. A few years later, as will 
be seen by the deed of Samuel Teel. the 
distillery was owned by Captain Isaac 
Hall. 

May 11, 178.5, the selectmen were ap- 
pointed to fence the burying place and to 
paint said fence. It was also voted "that 
no Cattle be permitted to graze therein." 

At another meeting, held May 11, 1780, 
the subject of building tombs again came 
before the town, and liberty was given to 
any person or persons to build tombs 
under the direction of the selectmen. 
Some years later we find that the cost of 
buihling a tondi was <ine hundred and 
two (liillars. 

When the Medford Branch Railroad 
was surveyed the location covered a jior- 
ticm of the Cross Street Burying Ground, 
and also land used by the town for a 
pound. There was a strong oiiposition 
to allowing this encroachment u]ion the 
burial place, but at the town meeting 
held March 0. 184(i, the town gave its 
consent to tlie taking of the land, and 
after some controversy over the terms of 
settlement the town accejited the pro- 



MEUFOllD, I'Asr ASD I'UESEXT 



posal of Daniel Lawrence, the agent nt the 
railroad company that he give a tract of 
land on the east side of the old burying 
ground for an addition thereto. The 
amount of land to be given was to equal 
in amount that taken from the Cross 
Street l}urying(iruund, and Mr. Lawrence 
proposed to give an additional fi>ni' hun- 
dred feet of land, reserving to himself one 
lot for a burial place, he giving fifty dol- 
lars for the choice of lots after the Hon- 
orable Peter C. Brooks should have made 
his choice. The Honorable P. C. Krooks 
offered the sum of five hundred dollars 
towards defraying the cost of enclosing 
the new part of the burying ground with 
a suitable enclosure, asking only in re- 
turn a small lot less than twenty feet 
square for his own use. These several iim- 
posals were accepted by the town. A sub- 
.stantial stone wall was built around the 
new addition, and it was divided into ten 
lots. Mr. Brooks chose lot \n. 4, aiul Mr. 
Lawrence lot Xo. .5. The remainderof the 
lots were sold by auction to the highest 
bidders. 

The folliiwing is an abstract of Mr. 
Lawrence's deed to the town: — 

"A lot of land on the easterly side of the 
old burying ground. Containing M.Spi'., 
square feet. Bounded, beginning at the 
southerly corner of the cdd burying 
ground, at the end of the board fence 
then standing on the northerly line of 
the Medfnnl llranch Railroad location, 
thence easterly in the direction of said 
fence 'H feet; thence northerly by other 
land ipf grantor 171 feet; thence westerly 
by land of the Baptist Society :Uio feet; 
thence southerly by the burying ground 
to the point begun at." 

The lines between tlie l!a|itist Society 
and the burying place were also adjusted. 

A few years ago some of the new lots 
being abandoned by their jiropriet(us. 
the town sold a small parcel of land to 
the late Charles H. Day, who purchased 
the old Baptist Church and land. 



erecting a jioor house; and at a town one in 1ST:; and another in l!iO:!, and all 
meeting held May 6, 1810, a committee the improvements of a modern cemetery 
previously appointed who were to con- have been installed, until Old Grove 
sider and report on the subject of a new Cemetery is one of the finest in the 
Ijurial ground, reported in favor of using vicinity of the great iiictro]M)lis. Tliere 
the above mentioned land for such pur- 
poses. The town adopted the recommenda- 
tion of the committee and authorized the 
selectmen to lay out the sauu' into fam- 
ily lots, construct proper passageways 
and plant trees and otherwise improve 
the same. This was diinc and many family 
lots were sold. That i)art of the land de- 
voted tobnrial puriioseswas .set back from 
the street. Fronting on the street was a 
pound, ami in the year 18.>'! it was voted 
to remove the pound, extend the burial 
grounds to Cross street, and build thereon 
a suitable iron fence with a st<ine base. 

We have uoted in the article on the old 
burying place, the acti(ni of the town con- 
cerning the encroachment of the railroad 
ui)on this burying ground. 

But very few intt-rmeuts are now made 
in these grounds, m' in llic ( >ld lluryiug 
Place. 



The Cross Street Burying Ground 



AUGUST 111. 1811, the town imr- 
chased of .Jonathan Brooks, tlie 
guardian of .Jacob Wait, one acre 
and forty rods of land on the west 
side III Cross street, for the i'ur]>ose of 



Oak Grove Cemetery 

In tlie year 1S4S, tile town of Medfnnl. 
actuated by the doings of people in other 
places, began to consider the establish- 
ment of a burying ground to l)e owneil by 
the town. Xovemljer VI, 1849, a committee 
rejiorted in favor of purchasing ten and 
a half acresof land, of Leonard Bncknant. 
at fifty dollars per acre. This land was 
afterwanls taken for an almshouse, but 
in .July, 18.">2, the present Oak (irove 
Cemetery had its inception, the land be- 
ing bought of Edward Bronks and con- 
tained twelve acres, and the jirice paid 
was five thousand dollars. The sum of 
two thousand four hundred and seventy- 
two dollars was spent a year later' on the 
grounds. 

W'lirk w;is l)egun and carried on, and 
(ietiil>er :)1, Is.V!, the spot was solemnly 
consecrated by religious services. 

It was a year and a half bef<iri' fifty 
lots were sold — a strange contrast witli 
the development since that time. 

New ac<'essions of land have lieen made, 




EDWAlil) \V. .MirCHBLI. 

are n<iw lietween forty-eight and forty- 
nine acres in the cemetery. The lots are 
all owned by residents of Jli'dford, with 
very few exceptions. 

There are eight hundred and lifty-seven 
lots that are sold, and two hundred and 
seventeen lots prepared which are not 
sold. There are seventy-eight single 
graves, and one humlred and thirty-five 
free graves. 

Since Medford has been a city tliere 
have been sixteen hundred and si.xty- 
nine interments. There is no record fiu' 
interments before 1880. 

The .Soldiers' monument occupies a 
most prominent ]iosition in the cemetery, 
and is an ornament, as it is also a tribute 
to the soldier dead. The nionument was 
dedicated in ISiKi. ;ind cost three thou- 
sand three hundred and fifty dollars. 

The present triustees are John Hutchius, 
Kben T.Roberts and Barker B. Howard. 
The superintendent is K. W. Mitchell. 



Men of Medford 




RESIDENCE OF GENERAL SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE 



SAMUEJj 0. LAWRKNCK 

On account of his large business in- 
terests and his reputation as a fin- 
ancier, Honorable Samuel Crocker 
Lawrence is the most widely known of 
all the citizens of Medford. 

With the exception of a few years 
when business called him to the mid- 
dle west, this city has been his home. 
He was bom in the "old brick block" 
in Medford Square, November 22, 
1832, the son of Daniel and Elizabeth 
(Crocker) Lawrence. His father was 
a native of Tyngsborough, Massachu- 
setts, and his mother of York, Maine. 
His ancestry may be traced back 



through numerous generations to the 
English family of Lawrence in the 
twelfth century. 

His early education was obtained in 
the Medford schools. He finished the 
course at the High School in 1847. be- 
ing in the first class which graduated 
under the tuition of Mr. Charles Cum- 
mings. He fitted for Harvard at Law- 
rence Academy, Groton, and completed 
his course at the university in 1855. 
He received the degree of A. M., in 
1858. 

After three j'ears of success in Chi- 
cago, as a member of the firm of Bige- 
low and Lawrence, bankers, he re- 



turned, in 1858, to engage in busi- 
ness with his father and brother un- 
der the firm name of Daniel Law- 
rence & Sons, and since 1SG7 he has 
been the sole proprietor. 

April 28, 1859, he married in Charles- 
town, Miss Carrie Rebecca, daughter 
of Reverend William and Rebecca Badger 
of Wilton, Maine. 

In 1854, Mt. Hermon Lodge, F. and 
A. M. was formed in Medford and Mr. 
Lawrence became a charter member, 
having taken his degrees in Hiram 
Lodge of West Cambridge. He be- 
came a member of Mystic Royal Arch 
Chapter of Medford at its institution 



144 



MK t) F( )I!l), PA s r A \ I) PI! ESEN T 



in 1863, and of Boston Commandery in 
1858; from all of these organizations 
he received highest honors. In 1S6G 
he was invested with the thirty-third 
degree in Masonry, and, after filling 
many high offices of trust in the in- 
stitution, is now lieutenant grand com- 
mander of the supreme council, thirty- 
third degree, Northern Masonic Juris 
diction. 

His interest in military affairs be 
gan simultaneously with his connec 
uon with Masonry. In 1855 he was 
third lieutenant in the Lawrence Light 
Guard (Co. E. Fifth Infant ryl, named 
in honor of his father, and soon rose 
to the rank of captain. Later, he 
was commissioned colonel of the Fifth 
Massachusetts. 

At the outbreak of the Civil war he 
immediately went into active service 
for three month.s, and was wounded 
at the first battle of Bull Run. He 
was commissioned brigadier-general of 
the state militia in June 1802, and 
was honorably discharged in August 
1SG4. He is a member of the Ancient 
and Honorable Artillery Company and 
was its commander in 1809. 

In 1875, when the Eastern Railroad 
Company was on the verge of bank- 
ruptcy, through his able management 
it was placed on a sound financial ba 
sis, and a few years later united with 
the Boston & Maine system. He has 
been a director of the joint corpora 
tion until the present time, and since 
lS9o has been a member of the e.xecu- 
tive board. 

He was, during the successful reor- 
.ganization of the Atchison, Topeka 
and Santa Fe Railroad Company, a 
director of that corporation. 

Never hasty in his judgments, giv- 
ing even minor details careful con- 
sideration, he deserves the reputation 
which causes his advice to be sought 
in the administration of railroads with 
wliifh he is not actively identified. 

Although by no means a politician, 
the opinions of General Lawrence in 
town affairs have for years had weight 
with his fellow citizens. 

The public offices which he held pre- 
vious to the incorporation of the city 
were those requiring good judgment 
and knowledge of finance, but not 
those which brought him before the 
public generally. 

He was appointed trustee of the 
public library in 1808, and a commis- 
sioner of sinkin.g funds in 1878; he 
has since held the position of chair- 
man in both bodies during his whole 
term of service. 

When Medford became a city. Gen- 
eral Lawrence was the choice of the 
people for Mayor, and setting aside 
personal preferences, he accepted the 
office and brought to the service of 
his native town the financial and ex- 
ecutive ability of an experienced, broad- 
minded and large-hearted business 
man. His term of office was marked 
by harmony and phenomenal progress 



in municipal affairs. His refusal to 
serve a second term was received with 
universal regret. 

General i.awrence has been for 
many years a collector of books, and 
he owns what is probably the best 
Masonic library in tne world. He has 
also a large collection of local anu 
military histories, which is extremely 
valuable. In tne various rooms ot the 
Armory he has hung many pictures, 
rejiresunting a greai variety ot sub- 
jects, paintings, engravings and prints, 
many of whicli are very rare. 

The Medford Public Library is his 
debtor f(u- many books which make it 
much more valuable to the city than 
it could be with the means, at its dis- 
posal from the xDublic funds. 

The grand tracts of woodland, 
owned, protected and preserved by 
General Lawrence testily to his love 
of nature, and to his desire that those 
who live in less favored districts may 
find upon his lands the pleasures and 
benefits of the open country and the 
forest. His estate is a beautiful gate- 
way to the Fells. 

Quiet, retiring, not given to osten- 
tation, he enjoys with his wife, his 
children and grandchildren his great- 
est happiness, hut never forgets those 
of our institutions that honestly and 
courageously are trying to make the 
best of themselves. 

His interest in the Lawrence Light 
(iuard, the erection of the Armory, 
memory of his father, and the many 
conveniences and luxuries which he 
has given to the company are better 
known than his other philanthropic 
acts, but they are only the index of 
many good deeds which have helped 
the town of his birth and his fellow 
citizens, and which will live after him 
in the hearts of high and low, rich 
and poor. 

CHARLES CUMMINGS, the veteran 
teacher, came to Medford in 1840, and 
graduatedi eleven hundred pupils in 
thirty years at the High School, 
"Why, certainly, I. will talk about 
my home life here in Medford," 
said Mr. Cummings, the veteran ex- 
principal of the Medford high school, 
"for I have been a citizen of this ohl 
town since 18-16. taught the high 
school from that time until 1876, a 
period of thirty years; have graduated 
eleven hundred pupils, one of whom is 
a lady teacher in the Medford schools 
since 1852, and the very first boy to 
receive his diploma at my hands, the 
only boy in tnat class of 1847, was 
(icneral Samuel Crocker Lawrence, 
lint let me gd back a little." 
pleasantly said Mr. Cummings. "I 
was born in Hollis, New Hampshire, 
June 7, 1817, My father, Thomas 
Cummings, who was of the seventh 
generation from Deacon Israel Cum- 
mings, ot Tonsfield, in this state, was 
a lifelong resident of Hollis. his an- 
cestors going to Hollis from Topsfleld 




Cn.iKl-KS ei MMINU.S 

in this state, and Prudence Cummings. 
one of the daughters of the family, 
then Mrs. David Wright of Pepperell. 
figured in 1775 in a somewhat heroic 
action at Jcwetts lirid}>c, wliich then 
traversed the Nashua river between 
Pepperell and Groton, and where a 
party of patriotic women under the 
lead of Mrs. Wright, seized and held 
a tory bearer of dispatches from Can- 
ada to the British authorities in Bos- 
ton. At an early age and before I 
thought of a collegiate education, I 
was sent to Amherst, where I was en- 
.gaged as the clerk in a country gro- 
cery, and I speak ot this Amherst ex- 
perience because of one notable cir- 
cumstance, and that was the frequent 
appearance during my stay there of a 
handsome young lawyer from Hills- 
boro, Franklin Pierce by name, whose 
object at Amherst was two-fold, legal 
business at the court house and the 
■attentions' he was paying the lady. 
Miss Appleton. a daughter of one of 
the Bowdoin College presidents, who 
afterward became Mrs. Pierce. I 
never saw General Pierce but once af- 
ter my Amherst life, and that was in 
the summer of 1852, when he was the 
Democratic candidate for President. 
He came into the old Boston & Maine 
station one afternoon to take the train 
for Concord. He was practically un- 
noticed by the crowd at the station. 
But I soon gave those around me to 
understand that the trim, soldierly 
looking gentleman was Candidate 
Pierce, and the future President was 
soon holding an informal reception in 
his car, which seemed to be gratifying 
to all concerned. I fitted for college," 
continued Mr. Cummings. "at the Pep- 
perell Academy and graduated at 



145 



MEDFOUD, PAST AND PRESENT 



Dartmouth in 1842, in a class of eighty- 
seven men, a large class for those 
days, and since that day there have 
not been a great many larger classes. 
The first man on the list was Attorney- 
General Akerman, one of the numerous 
cabinet officers of the Grant adminis- 
trations. There were also Chief Jus- 
tice Brigham of the Massachusetts 
Supreme Court, Governor B. F. Flan- 
ders of Louisiana, Superintendent 
John D. Philbrick of the Boston pub- 
lic schools, Drs. John E. Tyler and 
Clement A. Walker, well known Massa- 
chusetts alienists, and Professor John 
S. Woodman of Dartmouth. Of these 
eighty-seven men that embarked on 
life's career at that 1842 commence- 
ment, sixty-two years old, I think only 
six survive to tell the story of their 
respective lives, and if you have the 
space you can give the names. They 
are John P. Averill of Concord, New 
Hampshire, 88, and from 1848 to 1866 
he was the principal of the old Chap- 
man School in Boston; Reverend 
George P. Cummings of San Diego, 
California, 84; Reverend Henry L. Bul- 
len of Moline, Illinois, 84; Amos W. 
Hovey of Bristol Springs, New York, 
86; William G. Perry, M. D., Exeter, 
New Hampshire, 81; and myself. At 
the time of our graduation there was 
more or less agitation of the slavery 
question throughout New England, and 
out of the queer anomalies of that day 
was the proslavery sentiments of 
President Lord of Dartmouth, the head 
of a New England college, among the 
liberty-inspiring granite hills of New 
Hampshire, taking the southern side of 
that irrepressible issue. But so far as 
noticeable at the time, or since. Dr. 
Lord's defection from the strictly mor- 
al side of the slavery question had 
little or no effect on the alumni of the 
college, and when the war set- 
tled the matter there was no more 
heard of the old discussion of the sub- 
ject at Hanover or elsewhere. I grad- 
uated at Andover Theological Semi- 
nary in 1846, intending, in common 
with other Dartmouth men of that 
time, to enter the ministry. But my 
health failed me at an important junc- 
ture in my career and I resumed teach- 
ing, having previously taught in sev- 
eral schools at Brookline, New Hamp- 
shire (my first being in Brookline, 
New Hampshire, in 1835), and one of 
my pupils in the Brookline school is 
now a lady resident of Medford. Af- 
ter a short experience at the Abington 
Academy in the fall of 1846 I applied 
for the place, then vacant, of princi- 
pal of the Medford High School, the 
second school of the kind in the state, 
the Lowell school standing at the head 
of seniority list, and Dr. Hosea Ballon, 
afterwards president of Tufts College, 
was on the Medford School Committee. 
'What do you do with your bad boys?' 
asked Dr. Ballon, with a quizzical 
look. 'O, I never have any bad boys. 
Dr. Ballon,' I replied, an answer that. 



it was said, successfully settled my 
candidacy, and out of twenty-two ap- 
plicants I received the appointment. 
The school in 1846 had only ninety 
pupils — it has five hundred now — Med- 
ford and Maiden both had a population 
of .seven thuusand, a .stage fare twenty- 
five cents, ran to lidston, and nearly 
everybody, as a cimsequence, had to 
walk. The Middlesex Canal, in 1S4(>, 
was still carrying freight, finally suc- 
cumbing to the railroad in 185(1. As 
for the methods of instruction in the 
public schools, there has been a com- 
plete revolution. The old studies, or 
ways of imparting them, have given 
place to so many modern ideas and 
frills that the teachers of a genera- 
tion ago, unless they have remained 
in the harness and kept step to this 
march of progress, would now have 
much to learn themselves before they 
could go into the classroom as instruc- 
tors. As regards the comparative ef- 
fectiveness of the old and the new 
methods, time alone is the better 
judge. But I do know that my eleven 
hundred scholars (among whom I 
count thirteen lawyers, ten doctors, ten 
ministers, and sixty-two teachers in 
the Medford schools) in the main have 
been very good men and women, in 
nearly every state in the union, have 
not forgotten the teachings of one who 
always sought to give to them the 
best that was in him, and of whom 
and aljout whom their old preceptor al- 
ways hears with the greatest of in- 
terest and pleasure. I took the Med- 
ford High in its infancy," concluded 
Mr. Cummings, "although seven prin- 
cipals, including Judges Isaac Ames 
and Edwin Wright of the Boston courts 
had preceded me, and when I retired 
from the work of thirty years I was 
satisfied, in my own mind, that great 



progress had been made, and that Med- 
ford's chief educational institution had 
kept abreast of the times." 




iMKS. IjEWI.S II. I.OVEKIXi: 
LEWIS II. I.OVEIUNG 

LEWIS HUTCHINSON LOVERING, 
former Mayor of Medford, has been a 
resident at West Medford for thirty- 
two years, coming from Greenwood, 
Maine, where he was born April 18, 
1849. It was in Greenwood and Nor- 
way of the Pine Tree State, that he 
received his schooling, and as a young 
man was in tlie lumber business six 
years, and learned the carpenter trade. 
After settling in West Medford he 
carried on a grocery and provision 



-^a'^'- '5i!rw 




RESIDENCE OF LEWIS II. LOVERING 



MEDFOIW, VAST AND PliJiSEXT 





I.KWIS It. I.OVKIlINli 



business with his brother, Francis H. 
Loverino- at the furner of IIii;li street 
and Harvard avenue. He disposed of 
his interest in that business to his 
brother in 1S85, and established a 
real estate and building bu.siness 
which has been greatly beneficial to 
the interests of the city and to him- 
self. Mr. Levering has always been 
a staunch Repuldican, and served the 
town for seventeen years in all its 
elective officers, and after the city 
government was adopted he was may- 
or for four years, from 1897 to 1890. 



He is now a member of the Board of 
Sinking Fund Commissioners. He was 
one of the founders of the Medford 
National Bank and has always been 
a director there. He is a member of 
Mount Vernon Lodge, No. 186, I. O. O. 
F., of the Historical Society, and of 
the Medford Club. It was thirty years 
ago that he marriedi Miss Emma Fran- 
ces Woods, who was born in Monroe, 
Maine. She was a teacher in the pub- 
lic schools there for many years, and 
since her residence in West Medford 
has been a prominent member of the 



West Medford Baptist church, and of 
the Ladies' oocial Union connected 
with that churcn. She has been presi- 
dent for many years. She is also a di- 
rector in the Medford Home for Aged 
Men and Women, and has large in- 
terests in other organizations of the 
city. Mr. and Mrs. Lovering reside 
at .'iS Hoston avenue. Their only S(ui, 
Frank W. Lovering, with his wife and 
daughter, Marjorie Eleanor, live on 
I^overing Road, adjoining his father's 
estate. 




IIONOKAHI.K WILLIAM li. LAWUKNCE ] 

WH^LIAM BADGER LAWRENCE, 
son of General and Mrs. S. C. Lawrence, 
was born in Charlestown, November 
16, 18.56. On the maternal side he is 
a descendant of Giles Badger, who 
came from England with his two broth- 
ers, and who was at Newbury in 1643. 
and there died January 11, 1647. His 
maternal great-grandfather was John 
Taylor, a captain in the Revolutionary 
war. and his grandfather was Rever- 
end William Badger, a well-known 
Freewill Baptist minister of Maine, for 
whom he was named. Mr. Lawrence 
was educated in the Boston Latin 
School and at Harvard College. At 
the Latin School he was a Franklin 
medal scholar, and in 1874-75 was col- 
onel of the Boston school regiment at 
the celebration of the 25ilth anniver- 
sary celebration of the founding of 
Boston. In college he was a member 
of the Phi Beca Kappa and Signet 
societies, and graduated with honors 
in the well-known class of '79. He fit- 
ted for his profession at the Harvard 
l^aw S'chool, graduating in the class 
of 18S2, received the degree of LL. B.. 
and was admitted to the State and 
United States Courts in the spring of 
188;!. Upon his return from extended 



147 



MEDFOIiD, PA.ST ASD PRESEXT 



travel in Europe, he began practice 
that year in ihe office of the late 
Nathan Morse, one of Boston's best 
known lawyers. Since 1886 he has had 
offices at No. 40 Water street, Boston, 
anil has given special attention to 
railroad and corporation law. He is 
a member of the Boston Bar Associa- 
tion and one of the proprietors of the 
Social Law Library. Mr. Lawrence 
has long been identified with Med- 
ford's public affairs. While it was a 
town he served on the board of select- 
men and as overseer of the poor (from 
1888 to 1890), and was instrumental in 
securing the passage, in 1890, of the 
original gypsy moth legislation ap- 
propriating fifty thousand dollars. In 
1891, and again in 1892, he represented 
Medford in the lower house of the 
Legislature; and, in 1893, and again 
in 1894, he was senator for the First 
Middlesex District (comprising the 
cities of Somerville and Medford and 
the towns of Arlington and Winches- 
ter). While in the House, he served 
on the committees on the judiciary, 
proliate, and insolvency, and drainage; 
and in the Senate, both terms, as chair- 
man of the committees on the treas- 
ury and of the joint committee on ex- 
penditures, and a member of the com- 
mittees on the judiciary and floor 
chairman of the committee on rules. 
In the election of Honorable Henry 
Cabot Lodge to the United States Sen- 
ate, in January, 1893, Mr. Lawrence 
took an active part in securing a 
written agreement of a majority of 
the House and a majority of the Sen- 
ale (being thus a majority of the 
whole Legislature in joint convention), 
to hold a caucus for United States sen- 
ator — a then innovation requiring 
courage and persistency to accomplish 
— to select therein a representative 
Republican as a candidate regardless 
of Democratic wishes or coalition, and 
to abide by the result. He has al- 
ways taken a warm interest in public 
matters, and has been especially active 
in promoting progressive mimicipal 
movements, notably the passage, 
against vigorous opposition, of the 
Metropolitan Sewerage Act, which has 
proved of such benefit to the district 
whereby was abated the sewage 
nuisance in Mystic River and lower 
Mystic Pond. In the years 188.5-89 
he was active in averting the threat- 
ened division of the town of Medford, 
and later in securing the city charter. 
He has been for some years a trustee 
of the Medford Savings Bank. He 
was a charter member and one of the 
organizers of the Medford Club, and 
has been a member of the University 
Club almost from its inception. In 
politics Mr. Lawrence is a Republican, 
an active member of the party organ- 
ization, in 1891-92 serving on the Re- 
publican State Committee. The cities 
and towns comprising the then new 
congressional district were Democratic 
by over six hundred votes. His abil- 
ity to organize and systematize affairs 



was shown while a member of the 
State Committee by a thorough can- 
vass of the district, especially in the 
City of Somerville, where over three 
thousand Republican voters were ad- 
ded to the voting list, and six hundred 
more were added to the list in Med- 
ford, Arlington and Winchester, thus 
securing a majority of one thousand 
over the two thousand Democratic 
votes which were newly added in Cam- 
bridge and other parts of the district, 
and ensuring the election of Honorable 
Samuel W. McCall to Congress and a 
Republican district which has ever re- 
mained secure. Last April the eighth 
congressional district sent him as a 
delegate to the Republican National 
Convention where he represented the 
cities of Cambridge, Somerville, Med- 
ford and Woburn, and the towns of 
Arlington, Belmont and Winchester, in 
the nomination of Theodore Roosevelt 
and Charles Warren Fairbanks, for 
President and Vice-President. Mr. 
Lawrence has for some years been 
interested in railroad matters. He is 
clerk of the board of directors of the 
Boston and Maine Railroad, and of 
the corporation, and is a director of 
the Central Massachusetts Railroad 
and clerk of the Danvers Railroad 
Company and of the Newburyport Rail- 
road Company and of the Central Mas- 
sachusetts Railroad. For ten years he 
was one of the directors of the Somer- 
ville Journal Company. Mr. Lawrence 
for several years devoted considerable 
time to the Masonic fraternity, being 
a past master of Mount Hermon 
Lodge, past high priest of Mystic Roy- 
al Arch Chapter, past thrice illustri- 
ous master of Medford Council, Royal 
and Select Masters, past commander 
of Boston Commandery, Knights 
Templars, past district deputy grand 
master, past junior grand w-arden of 
the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, 
past deputy grand high priest of the 
Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Massa- 
chusetts, past grand master of the 
Grand Council, Royal and Select Mas- 
ters of Massachusetts, also its grand 
treasurer, and a member, since 1896, 
of the Supreme Council, thirty-third 
degree, Scottish Rite, N. M. J. Mr. 
Lawrence was married Oct. 2, 1883, to 
Alice May, daughter of J. Henry and 
Emily (Nickerson) Sears, of Brewster, 
Massachusetts, and a lineal descendant 
of Richard Sears, who settled in Plym- 
outh, Massachusetts, in 1623. Mrs. 
Lawrence is also descended, in eight 
different lines of descent, from Elder 
William Brewster, and also from Geo. 
Soule, another of the Mayflower pil- 
grims, and of other well-known Cape 
Cod families. Four children have been 
born to them, Marjorie, Samuel Crock- 
er, 2d, Ruth and William B., junior. 
The family reside at Medford most of 
the year, but nave also a summer resi- 
dence at South Yarmouth for the last 
dozen years. 

J. GJILMAN WAITE is a native of 




.J. I.II.MA.N WAITIC 

the town of Hubbardston, where his 
ancestry for three generations before 
him have lived. At the close of his 
school days, he entered upon the 
duties of teaching with a fairly good 
degree of success. This work he gave 
up for a clerkship in Boston in the 
year 1864, since which time he has been 
employed as bookkeeper and at the 
present time as secretary in Masonic 
Temple, Boston. Since the summer of 
1868 he has been a resident of Medford. 
In 1873 he became a member of its 
School Committee, having been unani- 
mously re-elected to that honorable 
position until the chajige from town 
to city government in 1893, when 
he declined further election, a continu- 
ous service of twenty years. During 
several of the later years he served as 
secretary and later as chairman of the 
board. When the Board of Sinking 
Fund Commissioners of Medford was 
established, he wa,s elected a member 
thereof, and by several re-elections 
served until the town became a city. 
Of this board he also served as secre- 
tary. He was also chosen clerk of the 
Medford Savings Bank at its annual 
meeting of the corporation in 1875, 
which position he still holds, as well 
as that of trustee. In political life he 
is a staunch Republican, who always 
votes the straight. In this, however, he 
takes no particular pride, for he could 
not well be anything else and be de- 
scended from an ancestry that gave the 
country a Roger Sherman. In the years 
1S9T and 1S9S he served the citv in the 
lower branch of the General Court 
Fur mcire than forty years ^Ir. 
Waite has found much pleasure in his 
Masonic connections. To his liberal 



148 



MEDFORD, PAUT AND PllESENT 



temperament, the tenets of the institu- 
tion oft'ereti much attraction. He holds 
the memory of the maaiy happy hours 
spent in the society of true, tried and 
trusty friends, whom he has made 
tuere, among his choicest recollections. 
In his time he has served his lod.£;e, 
chapter, council and commandery as 
presidin.i; offleer. For three years he 
served the Grand Chapter of Massa- 
chusetts as its presiding officer, and 
for one year was, by ai!)pointment, 
deputy grand master of the Grand 
Ijodge of Massachusetts. As a citizen of 
Medford he is highly esteemed, and 
will be remembered by the younger 
generation for his twenty years of 
faithful, able and conscientious service 
on the School Committee. 

GEu-GE a. DELANO, born at Bath, 
Maine, in 18.51, has resided in Medford 
practically all of his active life and 
has been a generous, helpful citi>;en. 
He is a man of large learning who is 
known in this country and abroad as 
a financier, author and politician of 
sterling honesty and strong peronal- 
ity. 




( APTAIX IlinililOKr F. STAl'I.KS 

HERBERT FRANKLIN STAPLES 
was born in Bloomfleld, Vermont, Sep- 
tenibn- 11, lSli:l. lie went to Salfiii 
when quite young, where he was edu- 
cated and resided about twenty-five 
years, when he went to Amesbury and 
lived a year, coming to Medford nine 
years ago. He entered the employ of 
the Eastern railroad company when 
eighteen years of age. and remained 
in its service several years, leaving tn 
accept a position with F. M. Page & 
Company of Salem, dealers in shoe 
findings, travelling for the firm 
through the south and west. After re- 
maining with the Page concern seven 



years, he took up his residence in Med- 
ford and engaged in Boston with the 
Boston & Maine Railroad Company to 
have charge of the Pullman car re- 
pairs. Six years ago Mr. Staples start- 
ed in the floor wax and oil business, in 
Ship Avenue, on his own account, un- 
der the firm name of H. F. Staples & 
Company, George E. Dickey being the 
junior partner. The firm has become 
one of the largest and most celebrated 
in its line by reason of the excellence 
of its products, and struct attention to 
business on the part of the two young 
men conducting the same. Upon com- 
ing to Medford, Captain Staples took 
a great deal of interest in its munici- 
pal and social affairs, and in 1903 was 
elected to the Common Council from 
Ward 2, and rendered signal service 
for the city upon various committees. 
He was elected to the Board of Alder- 
men as alderman-at-large for the pres- 
ent year and is serving the city with 
marked credit to himself and the peo- 
ple who elected him. Mr. Staples has 
been connected with the Massachusetts 
Volunteer Militia, through all the 
grades from private to captain, the 
connections being wholly with Com- 
pany H., Eighth Infantry, of Salem. 
The company under his command was 
considered one of the best in the ser- 
vice. He was retired in 1896, at his 
own request, and is now a captain on 
the retired list, liable for detail for 
duty at any moment. Captain Staples 
is an Odd Fellow, a member of A. O. 
U. W. and of Medford Lodge of Elks. 
lie resides at 14li Salem street and 
is a most genial home maker andi en- 
tertainer. 




Boston, A])ril 12. 1832, where he lived 
for twenty-five years, when he married 
and came to Medford in ISGO and en- 
listed in the Lawrence Light Guard. 
In 1SG2 he enlisted in the company for 
three years, serving his full time. He 
joined the fire department in 18G2 and 
has been an active member for forty- 
three years, holding the position of 
foreman two years and clerk thirty- 
eight years. He was formerly in the 
employ of H. N. Hooper & Company, 
Ijrass finishers, Boston. He is now a 
night inspector in the Boston Custom 
House. He is a member of Mount 
Hermon Lodge, Mystic Royal Arch 
Chapter, Medford Council, Coeur de 
Leon Commandery and Medford 
Lodge, Knights of Honor, of which he 
is a past dictator. 




iAMIKI, li. JKI'SON 



SAMUEL G. JEPSON was born in 



JOHX F. I.ITilSY 

JOHN FULLER LIBBY, son of John 
Webb, and Betsy B. tDingley) Libby, 
was born on February 3, 1863, at 
Richmond, Maine. He was educated 
in the common schools of his native 
town and was graduated from Bow- 
doin College with the class of 1885. 
Mr. Libby was principal of the Waldo- 
boro, Maine, High School in 1886, and 
1887 he held the position of associate 
principal at Bridgton Academy. Dur- 
ing the period of teaching school he 
studied law at Portland, Maine, and 
also with Charles E. Littlefleld at 
Rockland, Maine. In 1892 he came to 
Boston and in connection with John 
E, Hanly conducted a law business 
as Hanly & Libby, until 1897, when he 
opened oftices of his own at 15 Court 
square. Mr. Libby served as Mayor's 
clerk from 1S97 to 19<iii, and represent- 
ed the 12th Middlesex district to the 
General Court in 1898 and 1899. In 



April, 1901, he was appointed Special 
.lustice of the First District Court of 
Eastern Midrllesex. He was married 
on October 10. 1S9I), to Gracia Dana 
Gay, of Waldolioro, IMaine. They have 
one daughter, Gracia Frances Liljby. 
born November 1!, 190-t. Mr. Libby is 
a member of LiE;ouia l^odge, I. O. O. F., 
No. 5, of Portland, Me.; Past Chief 
Patriarch of Mystic Encampment of 
Medford; of the Bowdoin Club. Bos- 
ton; of the Pine Tree Club, Boston; 
member of the Medford Club; Medford 
Education Society; Medford Historical 
Society and a stockholder in the Med- 
ford: National Banli. 




MEDFORD, PAST AND PRESENT 

Arch chapter. Mr. Minard has a fam- 
ily consisting of his wife and three 
boys. Mr. Minard was elected to the 
first board of aldermen under the new 
city charter. 




HARRY DUTTON, son of Benjamin 
Franlvlin and Harriet Hatch Dutton. 
was born at Hillsboro, New Hamp 
shire. July 4, 1854, and came with the 
family to Massachusetts when about 



K. B. ],AWI!EXCB 

ROSEWELL B. LAWRENCE was 
born in this city, January 31, 1856. He 
was educated in the schools of his 
native city and graduated with the 
class of 1878 at Harvard. In 1881 he 
graduated from the Harvard Law 
School. Mr. Lawrence has been chair- 
man of tlie School Committee since 
1893, and a member of the Park Com- 
mission since 1894. He resides at 31 
Salem street. 




IIAKKY IirTTOX 

six years old. He first attended school 
at Hillsboro and later the public 
schools of Boston Medford and Cam- 
bridge; he also attended the Highland 
Cadet School at Worcester. Mr. Dut- 
ton first began work tor Dutton. Mc- 
Clearn & Company at 171 1-2 Tremont 
Street, and entered the employ of 



ASA It. MIXARI) 

ASA RAYMOND MINARD was born 
at Port Medway, Queen's County. 
Nova Scotia, and is a direct descend- 
ant of Stephen Hopkins who came 
over in the Mayflower. The Minard 
family left New England to.gether 
vith many other Ix)yalist families and 
settled in Nova Scotia. 

Mr. Minai'd came to Boston when 
eight years of age and entered the 
public school at Jamaica Plain. After 
leaving the Boston Latin school he 
entered the engraving business and 
later, in 1895, began business for him- 
self. In August, 1894, he married 
Adelaide Mercy Minard of Dorchester. 
He is now sole proprietor of a large 
copper and steel plate en.graving es- 
tablishment. 

Mr. Minard moved to West Medford 
in 1899. He is active in church cir- 
cles and is a m.ember of Mt. Hermon 
lodge, F. & A. M., the West Medford 
Neighborhood club and the Canadian 
club of Boston and the Mystic Royal 




i;i..>i i>i,.M I. or u.vi;ii\ m riii.\ 



Houghton & Dutton, when the house 
was founded in January. 1S74. became 
a partner in the latter firm about Jan- 
uary, 1S77. Mr. Dutton married Alice 
M. Houghton, daughter of S. S. 
Houghton, in October, 1877. They 
have three children. Marion Houghton. 
now Mrs. Erving P. Morse. Mary Con- 
verse and Alice. After marriage he 
resided at Wyoming until the spring 
of 1892, when he moved to his pres- 
ent residence in Medford. 




M. K. MINIM) 

J[?;LVILLE E. >n'.Nl!t) was born 
in Round Pond, Maine, October 8, 
18-57, and received his education in 
the schools of his native town, follow- 
ing the sea during the period between 
sessions. At the age of eighteen he 
shipped as a seaman until his twenty- 
second year when he came to Boston, 
and entered the store of Henry S. 
Lombard, where he is at the present 
time. He is a member of Howard 
Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Charlestown; 
Mt. Mermon, A. F. and A. M.; Mystic 
Royal Arch Chapter, Coeur de Leon 
Commandery, K. T., and. Medford 
Council, No. 94, R. A. Mr. Munro 
resides at 59 George street and has 
a wife and five children. He is at 
the present time an alderman elected 
at large. 

JAMES COLBY DORR CLARK, son 
of William P. and Annie G. Clark, was 
born in this city, June 10, 1872. 

Captain Clark attended the Med- 
ford schools and subsequently went 
to Tufts Collenv pjio-ineerinc; School, 
spending his summer vacations en- 
gineering wherever he was employed. 
He was graduated from the Tufts Med- 
ical School in 18(14, and during his col- 
lege career taught evening school four 



MEVFORD, PAUT AND PIIESENT 

seasons here in Medford. Upon his 
graduation he was appointed assist- 
ant to Professor W. L. Hall in the 
chair of Theory and Practice of Medi- 
cine of Tufts College medical school 
and was holding this position at the 
outbreak of the Spanish war. At that 
time Captain Clark was commanding 
Company E. Fifth infantry. He im- 
mediately recruited the company to 
the war strength of lot! inen. and was 
the first ofiicer in the regiment to 
report a company with full ranks 
ready for duty. After nine months' 
service with the Second army corps. 
Captain Clark was mustered out with 
his company at Greenville. South Caro- 
lina. March 31. 1899. On returning to 
Medford he resumed the practice of 
medicine. The struggle to keep up 
the interest of the company after the 
war, on account of poor armory accom- 
modations and the fact that men who 
had seen actual service do not care to 
continue citizen soldiery was a hard 
one, but Captain Clark has been per- 
sistent, as well as able, and today he 
has one of the best commands, oc- 
cupying one of the finest company ar- 
mories in the state, lie was elected to the 
city council in 1900 by an overwhehti- 
ing vote and served with marked abil- 
ity. 

In 1901 he was appointed city phy- 
sician, and. like all his previous posi- 
tions of trust, its duties were well per- 
formed. At the outbreak of smallpox 
he volunteered his services to Mayor 
Baxter and was isolated at the pest 
house five weeks, where he success- 
fully treated the seven cases commit- 
ted to his charge. In l!10:;-04 he^was'^a 
representative in the (leneral Ct>urt. 

In 1894 he married May Chadbourne, 
a classmate at Tufts Medical School, 
and they are now associated in the 
medical profession at Washington 
Square. 

EDWARD EVERETT ELDER was 
born in Cambridge, August 15, 1879. 
His early education was received in 
the schools of that city and of Revere, 
and at the Chelsea High School. In 
the fall of 1895 he entered Harvard 
University. During his academic ca- 
reer he was awarded second year hon- 
ors in history and government and 
held the Slade and Bowditch scholar- 
ships. He received the degree of 
Bachelor of Arts in 1899. "magna cum 
laude." and final honors in political 
science and special mention in his- 
tory. During these years he also en- 
gaged in teaching in the evening 
schools of Cambridge. After graduat- 
ing from college he entered Harvard 
Law School. While in the law school 
he was a member of the Parsons Law 
Club and of the Choate Club, and uti- 
lized his historical training in assist- 
ing Honorable Charles Francis Adams, 
the eminent publicist, in the prepara- 
tion of his historical works. In 1902 
he received the degree of Bachelor of 
Laws with honor. He was admitted to 




the bar shortly afterwards and imme- 
diately entered the office of Elder & 
Whitman, of which firm Judge Wait 
of this city was formerly a member. 
He severed his connection with this 
firm in the spring of 1903, to form a 
partnership with Albert R. MacKu- 
sick of Boston, well known as one of 
the trial attorneys of the Boston Ele- 
vated Railway Company. This part- 
nership was later enlarged by the ad- 
dition of John G. Brackett of Arling- 
ton, son of ex-Governor J. Q. A. Brac- 
kett. These gentlemen are now asso- 
ciated with Mr. Elder under the firm 
name of Elder, MacKusick & Brac- 
kett. with offices in the Beacon build- 
ing. (1 Beacon street, Boston. During 
the two years following his admission 
to the bar Mr. Elder resided in Boston, 
whei-e he was identified with the work 
of the Public School Association, and 
during the last year of his residence 
served as a member of its executive 
committee and chairman of its Ward 
Ten committee. He was actively in- 
terested, also, in other movements fa- 
voring good municipal government. 
Mr. Elder is a member of the Eco- 
nomic Club of Boston, of the Boston 
City Club, and of the Bar Association 
of the city of Boston. 

XORWt X )D PENROSE IIALLOWELL 
s<in of Morris Longstrcthand Hanna (Pen- 
rose) Hallov.-ell. was bom in Phila- 
<lelphia, Pennsylvania, April 13, 1839 
In early life he became a conforming 
member of the religious society of 
Friends, and prepared for college in 
the schools of that order. He was 
graduated from Harvard University in 
the class of 1801, After graduation 
he connected himself with the com- 
mission house of Watts, Crane & Com- 



MEDFOIiD, PAST AND PliESEXT 




KESIDKXCE OF X. P. II AI.I.ll Ui:i.l 



pany, New York, subsequently with 
his brother Richard, forming the part- 
iiersliip of Hallowell Brothers, followed 
by another change to Hallowell, Pres- 
cott & Company, both in New York 
city. In 1SC9 he came to Boston and 
conducted the business of wool broker 
in that city, without a partner. In 
ISSC he was elected vice-president of 
the National Bank of Commerce of 
Boston, and since 1893 has served as 
president . On .lanuary 27, 1S6S, he 
married Sarah Wharton Hay dock. He 
has six children: Anna Norwood, Rol)- 
ert Haydock, Norwood Penrose, John 
White Esther Fisher, and Susan Mor 
ris Hallowell. June 10, 18G1, Mr. Hal- 
lowell received a commission as first 
lieutenant. Twentieth Regiment, Mass- 
achusetts Volunteers, and was promo- 
ted captain, November 2(1, ISGl. At 
the battle of Antietam, September 17. 
l<Sfi2, he was severely wounded. April 
17, 1S03, he was appointed lieutenant- 
colonel. Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, 
and Ma}' 30, at the request of Govern- 
or Andrew, he accepted the colonelcy 
of the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, and 
was stationed at Newbern, North 
Carolina. November 2, 1863, he was 
honorably dischartred from the ser- 
vice for disability arising- from 
wounds. He took upi his residence in 
Medford in 1809. where he has since 
resided, an active mover in all philan- 
thropic and benevolent enterprises, a 
citizen much respected for his integri- 
tv and manly advocacv of what he con- 
siders worthy projects. 

ERNEST B. MOORE was born in 
Lisbon, Maine, August 8, ISCfi, the son 
nf Alonzo Pierce and Albertine Cisse 
Moore. The family were early set- 
tlers of that place and the old home- 
stead still stands as it has through 




j'.n.NK^T n. .Mouiii. 

several generations, one of the sub- 
stantial places of that old Maine town. 
His ffither removed to Boston when he 
was but six years old and was for 
many years the proprietor of the Bos- 
ton Post, then one of the most con- 
servative and best of that city's old- 
time newspapers. He resided in Mai- 
den, Mass., until his marriage, where 
his father's family still live. He was 
educated in the public schools of Mai- 
den, Nichols Preparatory School of 
Boston and is of the Class of '88 of the 
Institute of Technology. On leavin.g 
school he entered the Maverick Na- 
tional Bank of Boston where he re- 



mained until its close. Shortly after 
this he entered the employ of General 
Samuel C. Lawrence where he still 
remains. Mr. Moore is a member of 
all the prominent organizations of his 
city, and is a Knight Templar and 
thirty-second degree Mason. He has 
been a member of the Civil Service 
Board since Medford has been a city, 
and is interested in all that pertains 
to the welfare and prosperity of his 
adopted city. In 1900, he married 
Grace M. Badger, daughter of the late 
Kliab W. Badger, of Medford, and they 
reside with their three children on 
Rural avenue. 




O.WH) II. BUOWN 

DAVID H. BROWN, the chairman 
of the Executive Committtee of the 
Two Hundred and Seventy-fifth Anni- 
versary, was born in New Hampshire 
in the town of Raymond, August 17, 
1S36. He fitted for college at Phillips 
Academ.v, Andover, and was graduat- 
ed from Dartmouth College in the 
class of 1861. He is a school book 
publisher, being a member of the 
firm of Thompson, Brown & Company, 
76 Summer street, Boston. He has 
been a citizen of Medford for thirty- 
four years, his residence being 105 
Allston street. West Medfcird. He 
has never been a candidate for any 
public office but has always taken 
great interest in public affairs and lo- 
cal matters. He was the first presi- 
dent of the West Medford Village Im- 
provement Society that set out a large 
number of trees, brought about the 
building of many much needed side- 
walks and was largely instrumental 
in securing the beautiful stone rail- 
way station in that section of the city. 
He is a member of the Con.gregational 
Church and Society of West Medford, 



MEDFOILI), VAST ASD PllESEXT 



taking a Vfi-y active pari in their or- 
ganization iu 1S72, being the first 
clerk of the church and the first treas- 
urer of the society, holding the latter 
position for several years. He gave 
the historical address at the twenty- 
fifth anniversary of the church in 
1S97. He was chairman of the com- 
mittee that selected the plans and the 
architect for the beautiful stone 
church edifice that was built by the 
society a short time since. He is a 
life member of the New England His- 
toric-Genealogical Society, belongs to 
the Society of the Sons of the Ameri- 
can Revolution. Massachusetts Society 
nf Colonial Wars and other organiza- 
tions. Mr. Brown took an active i]art 
in the organization of the Medford 
Historical Society in 1S9G and has 
been chairman of the committee on 
papers and addresses from the start 
and has been much interested in the 
work. He was elected president of 
the society in March, 1902. and is serv- 
ing his fourth year in that position. 
When at the town meetin.g in March, 
ISSO. the voters rejected the article 
in the warrant providing for the cele- 
bration of the quarter-millennial of the 
old town, Mr. Brown secured the re- 
consideration of the vote and the ap- 
pointment of a committee to report 
a plan for the celeliratioti. As he 
was a new comer in the town he de- 
clined to serve on the committee and 
was greatly sin-prised and disappoint- 
ed at the report of the committee lat- 
er that the proposed celebration be 
,s:iven up. At the annual meeting of 
the Medford Historical Society in 
March, 1904, he proposed that steps 
be taken to celebrate the 275th anni- 
versary of the settlement of Medford 
sometime in 1905. The plan was ap- 
proved by the Historical Society, by 
the Mayor of the city and the Board 
of Aldermen. A joint committee of 
the Histoi-ical Society and the City 
Government was chosen to carry out 
this purpose, and Mr. Brown was 
made chairman of the executive com- 
mittee thus organized. He has attend- 
ed every meetin.g of that committee 
and has taken .e-reat interest in the 
successful completion of the enter- 
prise. On October 20, l,S(i9 he was 
married to Abby Dudley Tucker, 
daughter of General Henrv Tucker of 
Raymond, New Hampshire. They 
have three sons. Henrv Tucker 
■Rrown. Howard Dudley Brown and 
Edward Bangs Brown, all graduates 
of Brown TTniversity. 

BENJAMIN FRANKl IN HAINES, 
was born in Boston, November 25. 
1876. At an early age his parents 
moved to New York City where he at- 
tended the nublic schools. At the age 
of ten his father died while construct- 
ing a railroad in Newburg. New York, 
After the death of his father he mov- 
ed to New Bedford. Massachusetts, 
where he was graduated from the 
High School with high honors. After 
graduating he entered Brown Uni- 





UKN.IAMIN- V. IIAINKS 

versity at Providence, and later took 
a professional course at Boston Uni- 
versity Law School, receiving his de- 
gree of I.UB., lieing admitted to the 
Bar in 1899. In 1902 he married Miss 
Carrie G. Bly of New Bedford and 
took up his residence in Medford. 
Since coming to this city Mr. Haines 
has always been interested in the 
city's welfare and has always been 
found an untiring worker for the in- 
terest of the Republican party in his 
own ward. He is now serving as sec- 
retary of the Republican Ward and 
City Committee. He is a member of 
the Mt. Hermon Lodge. A. F. and A. 
M., and is an interested member of 
the Brotherhood Class of the First 
Baptist Church. He has a large client- 
age with offices at ISl Tremont street, 
Boston. 



WILLIAM LEAVENS, was born 
January 9, 1855, and moved to Medford 
in 1865. He attended our public 
schools and at the age of fifteen be- 
gan his business career in Boston, 
entering the employ of Lewis Cole- 
man & Company, Chauncy street, af- 
terwards working with Hall Brothers 
and Company on the same street. In 
1S75 he entered! the furniture business 
on Fulton street. Boston, and ten years 
later started the store at ?.2 Canal 
street, under the firm name of G. M. 
Leavens & Son. which continued as 
such until 1898, when the present 
firm of William Leavens & Company 
was founded. Mr. Leavens is a mem- 
ber of Mount Hermon Lodge of 
Masons, is a. past noble grand of 
Harmony Lodge, I. O. O. F., of Mystic 
Encampment, I. O. O. F., and is a 
memlier of Purity Rel)ekah Lodge, I. 
O. O. F., Medford Council, R. A., War- 



WII.1.I.\M I.K.WKNS 

ren Lodge, A. O. U. W., a contribut- 
ing member of Post i;6, G. A. R., an as- 
sociate member of the Lawrence Light 
Guards, is a member of the Veteran 
Association Lawrence Light Guards, 
director of Royal! House Association, 
is a former president of the Medford 
Club, and has membership in the Uni- 
tarian Club, and is a director of the 
Medford Co-operative Bank. In 1880 
he was married to Emma D. White, 
a Medford .girl, and has one daughter, 
who is Mrs. Walter Whitehead. Al- 
though active in town and city af- 
fairs, .Mr. Leavens has never held an 
elective office. He was appointed wat- 
er commissioner by former Mayor Bax- 
ter and when the sewer and water 
boards were combined, he was ap- 
pointed a memljer of the joint board, 
and was elected chairman in 19t>S. 

WILLIAM MARSH.\I,L CUD- 

WORTH was born in Scituate, Mass., 
January 15, 1814, and died at his home 
in Medford, Mass., February 3, 1877. 
He was a son of Benjamin and Nancy 
(Hatch) Cudworth; he was without 
doubt a lineal descendant of General 
James Ciulworth of London. William 
Marshall Cudworth attended the dis- 
trict school of his native town until 
he was 14 years old, when he began 
his career as a sailor, going to sea 
with his father, who was master of a 
vessel, and continuing with him five 
years. He then entered the employ of 
Mr. Briggs iit South Boston, with 
whom he served an apprenticeship of 
five years at the ship-building trade, 
afterward working there for three 
years. The following two years, in 
company with a Mr. Gushing of Med- 
ford, he was engp,ged in shippin.g pine 
lumber from Virginia to Boston. Re- 



MEDFOni), PAST AXD PnESEXT 




Academy. Andover. At twenty-one 
years of age Mr. Boynton came to 
Boston and commenced his life worlc 
with Boynton & Miller, of which firm 
Honorable Nehemiah Boynton was the 
senior partner, wholesale grocer and 
ship chandlers. Mr. E. Boynton becom- 
ing a partner in 1S49. The firm was 
subsequently changed to Boynton & 
Hervey, and yet again in 1S55 to N. 
Boynton & Company, the subject of 
this sketch being a member of the firm. 
In 1SG8, the Honorable Nehemiah 
Boynton died, and Eleazar Boynton, up 
to the time of his death, remained the 
senior partner. Mr. Boynton was 
married in Boston. October 9, 1852, to 
Mary, the daughter of Simeon and Sal- 
ly (Plummer) Chadbourne. Four chil- 
dren were born to them. They are 
Mary, Dodge, Edward P., Nehemiah 
(the present popular pastor of the 
Clinton Avenue Congregational 
Church. Brooklyn. New York). Mr. 



unbroken line of pedigree for thirty 
generations. Mr. isovnton died June 
5, 19(11. 



WlM.l.V.M .M. lU DWOKTII 

turning north, he began shipbuilding 
in .\Iedford. forming with Elisha Hay- 
den, under the firm name of Hayden & 
Cudworth. a partnership which con- 
tinued until ISbo. During that time 
the firm built 40 vessels, including 
some of the finest ever launched up- 
on the Mystic, one of them being the 
"Hemisphere," a ship of imusual 
dimensions for those days. This firm 
hart a reputation for excellent work, 
and was classed among the best ship- 
building firms o!' New England. Af- 
ter retiring from ship-building in 1S65. 
Mr. Cudworth dirt not engage in ac- 
tive business pursuits, but took great 
interest in local affairs, serving the 
town as selectman and in other capaci- 
ties, being a useful and hi.ghly esteem- 
ed citizen. He was a Republican in 
politics, and in 1860 represented Med- 
ford in the State Legislature. He at- 
tended the Orthodox Church. Mr. 
Cudworth married, March 27, 1851, at 
Providence, R. I., Mary Catherine 
Benton, of Denmark, Me. Two chil- 
dren were born of this union, namely: 
Geraldine A. and William M. Cud- 
worth, .Ir. The latter was born in 
Medford, May 9, 1860, and died in in- 
fancy. Geraldine A. Cudworth was 
born January '6, 1852, in Medford, and 
was educated there. On December 16, 
1874, she married Francis Eugene 
Perley, of Topsfield. She now resides 
in Mertford with her wirtowert mother. 

ELEAZAR BOYNTON, son of Elea- 
zar and Sally iBlatchford) Boynton. 
was born September 29, 1824, in Rock- 
port, Essex county. His early educa- 
tion was obtained in the natural course 
of attendance upon the public and pri- 
vate schools of his native village, sup- 
plemented by instruction at Phillips 




ELEAZAK nOYNTON 

Boynton was an active and influential 
member of the Mystic Congregational 
Church during his residence here. His 
fellow citizens bestowed upon him 
many an official honor. He in turn, al- 
ways was loyal to them and their in- 
terests, and notably in late years was 
honorably conspicuous in contributing 
largly by his wisdom, his experience in 
public affairs, and his wide acquain- 
tance with the leading citizens of the 
Commonwealth, to the prosperity and 
integrity of the town he loved so 
well. Mr. Boynton was a member of 
the school committee, a member of the 
board of selectmen in 1861, when the 
war of the rebellion commenced and 
chairman of the board in 1861. Hb 
represented the town in the House of 
Representatives in 1865, and the 
First Middlesex district in the Senate 
in 1885 and 1886. The Boynton baro- 
nets and peers of England show an 




CIIALES B. DIXII.^M 

CHARLES B. iJUNHAM was born in 
Virden, Illinois, of eastern parents so- 
journing in the west, who returned 
with him to . .edford when he was two 
years old. He was educated in the 
public schools here, graduating at the 
iiigh School in the class of 1886. He 
was president of lue Alumni Associa- 
tion in j-„. o, when the works of art 
were presented to the High School 
and was one of the committee making 
the selections. After graduating 
from the High Scnool he attended the 
Art School of Professor George H. 
Bartlett, principal of the Normal Art 
School of Boston. In 1888, Mr. Dun- 
ham entered the architectural office of 
H. S. Mackay of Boston, continuin.g 
his studies privately with professors 
of the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- 
nology, and in the classes of the Bos- 
ton Architectural Club. In 1S92 Mr. 
Dunham was taken into co-partnership 
with Mackay. Four years later he 
went to Europe to pursue further 
study of architecture, travelling ex- 
tensively on the continent and in 
Great Britain. He dissolved partner- 
ship in 1899 and entered business on 
his own account, continuing to the 
present time with offices at 6 Bea- 
con Street, Boston. Mr. Dunham has 
designed many extensive and costly 
buildings, among them being the Ho- 
tels Tuileries, Empire, Ericson and 
Chesterfield, all on Commonwealth 
Avenue, Boston; The First Baptist 
Church (jn JIassachusetts avenue. Ar- 
lington; Baptist Church at Watertown; 
First Baptist Church of Hamilton, 
New York; besides other churches and. 
business blocks in Boston. Mr. Dun- 



154 



MKUFORD, PAST AXD PUKSENT 




IIESIDENiK OF E. P, liOYNTON 



ham rlesigned the Franklin School- 
house, Medford; Hose 3 flre station on 
Salem street, the Kitle Range Iniilcl- 
ings lor the Lawrence Light Guards: 
The Randall Block at the corner of 
Salem and t'mss streets; the stable 
for the Medford Highway department, 
and many residences in this city and 
elsewhere. 




was a member of the Medford Jubilee 
chorus under W. A. Webber. For 
twenty years he has been a member 
of the Handel-Haydn Society. Mr. 
Boynton has been honored by that so- 
ciety three times, being twice elected 
to its Board of Government and is 
now serving the third- term. He serv- 
ed one term as vice-president and 
one term as Its president. He mar- 
ried Annie M. Bradley, daughter of Ira 
and Marietta Bradley, of Maiden, in 
June. 1877. who died in March, 1893. 
Mr. Boynton has two sons, Eleazar 
Bradley and Paul Hervey Boynton. He 
is a director in the Lauett Mills of 
West Point, Georgia: Vice Commodore 
of the Boston Yacht club, and a mem- 
ber of the firm of Wellington. Sears & 
Co., one of the largest firms in their 
line in the country. 



i;il\V.\Kl) p. liOYNTOX 

EDWARD P. BOYNTON, son of 
Eleazar and ivlary C. Boynton, was 
born in Boston, February 25, 18.55. He 
was brought to Medford by his parents 
when one year old. At the age of six- 
teen he began to sing tenor in the 
chorus and quartette of the Mystic 
church and later was connected with 
the choir of Grace church. He also 





AI.I)KHM.\N HENRY STEUl.ING 
155 



MOSES C. VIN.4.I, 

MOSES C. VINAL was bom in Scit- 
uate, October 4, 182S, and began his 
trade of Masonry in New Bedford, 
Massachusetts. He moved to Med- 
ford forty-five years ago and entered 
the employ of J. G. Floyd & Son, and 
later formed a partnership with Will- 
iam Northey, until Mr. Northey's 
death, when he continued the business 
in his own name until 19i)4. Mr. Vi- 
nal has one daughter, Mrs. Edward J. 
Roiiinson, of Magoun Avenue. All his 
dealings have been honorable with 
his many patrons, and he has the satis- 
faction of knowing, as he must, that 
his work and life have been greatly 
appreciated by all with whom he has 
been in business and social relations. 

WILL C. EDDY, Secretary of the 
Executive Committee of the 275th An 
niversary Celebration, was born in 
Jamestown, New York, October 14, 
1857. His early education was in the 
district schools and finished in the 
Jamestown Collegiate Institute and 
High School. His early ancestry 
came to this country in l(!3il. He is a 
lineal descendant of John and Priscilla 
Alden, and eligible to membership in 
the S. A. R. and Mayflower Descen- 
dants. On leaving school, at the age 
of nineteen, he entered the printing 
and publishing business and has held 
responsible positions in connection 
with it. It was through liis efforts that 
the Medford Historical Society was 
started, and he has been an active 
worker in this most active organiza- 
tion. . His persistent backing of Presi- 
dent Brown brought about the celebra- 
tion of the 275th anniversary of the 
founding of Medford. He is Secretary 
of Mystic Camera Club, one of the 



MEDFORD, PASl AND PUESEXT 






wn.i, c. Kiinv 

oldest organizations of its kind in the 
vicinity of Boston, being its represen- 
tative in tlie New England Lantern- 
Slide Exchange, with one exception, 
since the local ciub joined that organi- 
zation in ISSO. He was for years and 
is now, secretary of the Mystic Clnb, 
and tor four years of the Exchange. 
He was a charter member of Kisling- 
biiry Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of 
Rochester, New York, but transferred 
to the Grand Domain of Massachusetts, 
where he has become a past chancel- 
lor, representative to the Grand Lodge, 
and for five years grand, trustee of the 
Grand Lodge, having been elected three 
successive terms. For ten years he was 
a member of the Republican City 
Comniiteee, always a worker for oth- 
ers, but never seeking office himself. 
Has resided in Medford for eighteen 
years. He is one of the best known 
photographers in New England, prin- 
cipally through his work along his- 
toric lines. His collection of nega- 
tives embrace the entire length of the 
coast from Portland, Maine, to 
Charleston, South Carolina. 

PHILLIP SCOTT was born in Edin- 
burgh, Scotland, December 14, 1871. 
He arrived in Boston in 1880 and went 
to Everett school, Dorchester, after- 
wards moving to East Longmeadow. 
Massachusetts in 1882, attended the 
village school and while doing so car- 
ried the mail from the postoffice to 
the train. He was the first newsboy 
in the village, and left school at the 
age of thirteen, entering the employ 
of Springfield Electric Company of 
Springfield, Massachusetts, Mr. Scott 
moved to Boston and went to work for 
the Highland Railway just before the 
consolidation as tow boy, then as con- 



I'lill.lP seoTT 

ductor in Division one and two. When 
the electrics started he went to work 
in the repair shop at Grove Hall, and 
then at AUston. He went to South 
Boston as night foreman at the change 
from horse to electrics, then as day 
foreman, afterwards going to Everett 
and taking charge of the Everett sta- 
tion. In 1901 he was placed in charge 
of the Medford station, which is one 
of the largest on the Boston Eelvated 
Railway. He married Lydia A. Chip- 
man of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, No- 
vember 23, 1890, and has a family of 
six, four boys and two girls. 



I.OKEN/.O I'. BENKT 

LORENZO P. BENET, was born in 

Boston in 1847, and has lived in Med- 
ford for the past twenty years. He 
has been identified with the cigar 
business during all of his mercantile 
career, having a large factory at 
2.57 1-2 Friend street, Boston, Mr. 
Benet resides at 40 Emerson street. 





AI.DIOU.MAN 11A1;K\ IIU. U1,KY 

15(j 



CnAKI.KS li. IILKASOX 

CHARLES BEMIS' GLEASON, 
youngest son of Daniel A. and Annie 
Hall Gleason, was pova at 375 High 
street, West Medford. September fl, 
1872. He was educated in the Med- 
ford public schools, entering the High 



MKnFOUD, PAST ASD PliESEXT 



School as first scholar in his class. Af- 
ter four years in the High School, 
under its famous master, Lorin L. 
Dame, he entered Harvard College, 
with honors, in the fall of 1890. He 
graduated in 1894, receiving the de- 
gree of A. B., "magna cum laude," and 
entered the Harvard Law School from 
which in 1S97, he received the degree 
of L. L. B. In March preceding grad- 
uation, he was admitted to the bar. and 
after graduation he entered the offlce 
of the well known law firm of Ropes, 
Gray & Loring. Since 1898, ]\lr. Glea- 
son has been assistant to George C. 
Travis, attorney for the Boston Ele- 
vated Railway Company, in the noise 
cases and other law work growing out 
of the construction of the elevated rail- 
way system in Boston. He is a mem- 
ber of the Medford Club, Neighbor- 
hood Club, Puritan Club and Eastern 
Yacht Club, and is a trustee of the 
Medford Savings Bank. 



with his parents in 1862. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools of Lebanon 
and Kimball Union Academy, Meri- 




W. .^.KTIMl! .JONES 

W. ARTHUR JONES', was born in 
South Wales in 1862. and came to this 
country when a boy, locating in Penn- 
sylvania, and learned the trade of cabi- 
net maker and Joiner, later accepting 
a position as travelling salesman for 
a furniture concern, leaving them fif- 
teen years ago to enter the parquet 
floor business in Boston. He is presi- 
dent of the Boston Floor Company 
manufacturers, wholesale and retail 
dealers of fine floors and floor sun 
dries, making a specialty of parquet 
floors. IVlr. Jones reside*^ at 26 Monu- 
ment street. 



CHESTER J. PIKE was born at 
Chelsea, Vermont, November 8, 1859, 
moving to Lebanon, New Hampshire, 




ClIKSTEU ,J. I'IKE 

den. New Hampshire. Mr. Pike start- 
ed as a boy at Springfield. Massachu- 
setts, and in 1879 came to Boston and 
entered the employ of the National 
Rubber Company as selling agent, 
from which firm he resigned in 1888 
to a ccept a like position with the 
Wales Goodyear Rubber Company. I:i 
19(13 he was appointed selling agent 
for the Hood Rubber Company, which 
position he now occupies. He moved 
to Medford at the time of his marriage 
in 1883. 

EDWARD WHEATON TEELE was 
born on Forest street, April 27, 1851; 
has resided all his life in Medford, 
and for forty years has lived at No. 13 
Pearl street. This liouse was the 
homestead of his father, Benjamin 
Royal Teele, a well known business 
man and town officer of Medford, 
winch was his home from early man- 
hood, although he was born just with- 
in the present boundary of West Som- 
erville. He married Miss Marianne S. 
Fernald of Charlestown, and Edward 
W. Teele was their only son. He, like 
his father, has been interested in town 
and city affairs, and has served as a 
member of the Common Council and 
Board of Aldern\en. He early took up 
commercial life and is now tlie propri- 
etor of a wholesale paper business in 
Boston. He is a member of the pru- 
dential committee of the First Parish 
church, with which his father's family 
has been connected since colonial days. 
He married Miss Jennie R. Stone of 
Winchester, and nas had two children, 




E[>W.\KII W. TKEl^E 

Bessie and Royal. The son survives, 
who is the namesake of his grandfa- 
ther, Benjamin Royal Teele, who in- 
herited the name from his maternal 
grandmother, Miriam Royall, one of 
the famous family of early times. 

MICHAEL F. DWYER is a native of 
Medford, having been born on High 
street in Ward 2 in 1S.53, and is now 
52 years of age. He was for many 
years both as boy and man a resident 
of Ward 2. from which he moved in 
1900 to his present ho.nie on South 
street in Ward 4. He was educated 
in Medford's Dublic schools, and has 
always lived within her borders. Here 
he learned his trade, and here he went 
into business on his own account in 
1882, and from that time to the pres- 
ent has occupied the same store in 
Medford square. He early took an in- 
terest in public affairs, and from 187S 
to 1891 frequently served as moderat- 
or the old town meetin.gs, presiding 
over all held in 1891, the last year of 
town government, the city charter 
having been accepted that year and 
(he new city government inaugurat- 
ed in 1892. As moderator, he select- 
ed and appointed the committee which 
drafted the original city charter. Mr. 
Dwyer was elected Mayor at the last 
election. He is married and has a 
famil.v of children of which any man 
may well feel proud. 

EDMUND T. HASTINGS, the son of 
Edmund T. Hastings, who was born in 
Boston in 1787, and died in Medford 
in 1867. was born in Boston in ISlC, 
and died in Medford in 1867. During 
his life in Medford he lived on High 
street, and was a great social factor. 
His father did much toward the im- 
provement of the western part of the 
city, and was a member of the Society 



MEDFORD, PAST A.ND PRESENT 






^w 




Joseph Manning, under the firm name 
of F. R. Poster & Co. Upon the 
death of Mr. Manning his son, Jas. R. 
Manning, succeeded him in the part- 
nership. 

He was interested in Medford's lo- 
cal affairs in early life, and was a 
member of the Are department, and 
afterwards for two years a member of 
the board of engineers. In ISdO he 
served as a member of the board of 
selectmen. In 1874 he was elected to 
the board of water commissioners and 
served the town in that capacity until 
1S93. He was for 17 years a trustee 
of the Medford Savings Bank, and for 
a considerable portion of that time a 
member of the board of investment. 

In 1S50 he married Martha E. Blan- 
chard, who died in 1852. One son 
was born to them. Frank G. Foster. In 
1^5G be married Emily A. Olcott; two 
sons were born to them, George O. 
Foster and J. Manning Foster. 

He died May 2, 1893. 



ij£ 



EDMUND T. TIASTINUS 

of Cincinnati, and his son, Edmund T., 
.Ir., succeeded him in that order. His 
grandfather. Major John Hastings, 
was an original member of the order. 




FRANCIS K. FOSTER 

FRANCIS E. FOSTER was born in 
Roxbury, Mass., June 29, 1824. Be- 
fore he reached the age of manhood 
he came to Medford, and for some 
years was employed as foreman upon 
the Wellington farm. Later he en- 
tered the employ of Captain Andrew 
Blanchard, lumber merchant, with 
whom he remained until 1849 when 
he entered into partnership with Mr. 




NATIIANIKI, I'. AMI ^ 

NATHANIEL PLUMER AMES, the 
subject of this sketch, was born in 
Campion, New Hampshire, September 
4, 1833. In 1852 he came to Medford 
and established a painting and glaz 
mg business on Main street, which 
establishment has been in existence 
ever since. Mr. Ames has always 
been noted for his congeniality, his 
integrity and honesty. He resides at 
75 South street. 

GEORGE HERVEY, than whom 
there was no more thoroughly Med- 
ford man in his day, left to the com- 
munity an heritage of progeny in Hon. 
James A. Hervey. Franl^ Hervey and 
George F. Hervey, equal in all res- 
spects to his noble citizenship. 




GEORGE HERVEY 

As one of the earliest brothers of 
Mount Hermon lodge, F. & A. M.. he 
was notably loyal to the welfare of 
the order in days when loyalty im- 
plied sacrifice. As a merchant tailor, 
Mr. Hervey set a pace for excellence 
of worii which has not been surpassed 
in Medford, if elsewhere. Many years 
postmaster, he filled the position in a 
quiei manner, yet with a thoroughness 
in keeping with his character. 

Mr. Hervey was a, natural student, 
and especially enjoyed Shakespeare. 
He was very quick of wit, graceful in 
deportment and withal, a thorough 
gentleman of the old school. 

DUDLEY COTTON HALL was born 
in the house on High street now occu- 
pied by Dr. N. F. Chandler, September 
29, 1818. Mr. Hall could tra,ce his lin- 
eage back for more than 260 years, on 
the male side, and it is a remarkable 
fact that all of these male ancestors 
were born in Medford and continuously 
resided here. Brooks' History of Med- 
ford traces his pedigree baelv to 1730, 
and it is possible that his ancestors 
previous to that date may have also 
been residents of Medford. Mr. Hall 
was one of the very few alive, if indeed 
he was not the only one, who shook 
hands with General Lafayette at the 
time of his visit to Medford in 1824. 
He was six years old, and remembered 
the occasion distinctly, and he often 
spoke of the reception which was held 
in the old Gov. Brooks house that stood 
on the site where the Medford Savings 
Bank is now located. He was educated 
in the old-line school (Green's), located 
at that time at Jamaica Plain. On at- 
taining manhood Mr. Hall formed a 
partnership with the late Joseph Man- 
ning, under the name of Manning & 
Hall, wholesale grocers, and did busi- 
ness for several years on Central 
Wharf. Boston. He located at New Or- 
leans, and for several years acted as 



158 



MEDFOnn, PAST AND PliESENT 




DUDI.KY C. IIAI>L 

purchasing agent for a number of New 
England cotton mills. He then entered 
into business in Boston and became 
largely interested in timber lands in 
the West and also in New England, the 
iirm conducting this business being 
Hersey, Staples & Hall. He retained 
membership in this firm for several 
yea.rs and later was in the wholesale 
tea business on State street, retiring 
therefrom June S, 1S99. In early life he 
was a >..iig. He tlien became a Demo- 
crat, and for years was one of the 
leaders of the party in Medford. Dur- 
ing the active business career of Mr. 
Hall he was a director of the New Eng- 
land Bank and also served on the board 
of trustees of the Medford Slavings 
Bank. His name is to be found on the 
records of Gen. Jackson En.gine Com- 
pany, No. 2, and of Washington Hook 
and Ladder Company, showing that he 
was interested in the work of saving 
property from the flames. Mr. Hall was 
an esteemed member of the "Associates 
of 1S18" and also of the Veteran Fire- 
men's Association. In deeds of charity 
and benevolence Mr. Hall was known 
to have a quiet and unostentatious way 
of doing good. Perhaps his best-known 
gift was "that of the rectory on High 
street, which he himself superintended 
the erection of in 1872 and gave to 
Grace Church parish in the early spring 
of 1873. 

JAMES OTIS GOODWIN, son of 
George T. and Martha (Waitt) Good- 
win, was boi-n in this city, April 2fi, 
1844. His father was born in Plym- 
outh; his mother in Medford, the 
daughter of Darius Waitt, a man promi- 
nent in affairs of this town in the 
early part of the nineteenth century. 
On both sides, Mr. Goodwin claims 
Pilgrim ancestry and, through his 



mother, descent from John Waite, one 
of the founders of Maiden. He was 
educated in the Medford schools, and 
took a year's course in navigation 
at the well l<nown academy of A, K. 
Hathaway. At the age of 16 he be- 
came a sailor, making voyages to the 
East Indies. By frequent promotions 
he soon became first officer. In 1870, 
merchant sailing vessels being largely 
superseded, he left the sea and uti- 
lized his technical education by taking 
up land surveying. After a prepara- 
tory course with Messrs. A. F. and N. 
A. Sargent of Maiden, he began busi- 
ness for himself in 1S71. At that time 
the development of Medford as a resi- 
dential district had hardly begun. 
Large tracts in West Medford, Glen- 
wood and S'outh Medford were vacant 
land. To Mr. Goodwin fell the work of 
laying out new streets and staking out 
lots all over the town. The Magoun, 
D. C. Hall and Laphani estates in the 
eastern part of Medford, the Ware- 
ham street district in South Medford, 
portions of the Smith estate in West 
Medford, and Hall and Prospect Parks 
near the square, were laid out into 
buildin,g lots and put upon the market 
by him as agent or as a member of 
syndicates organized through his ef- 
forts. His large library of working 
plans and field notes embraces almost 
a complete survey of Medford, Only 
five or six men who were proprietors 
of business enterprises in Medford 
square when Mr. Goodwin established 
himself there, are still identified with 
the commercial life of the city. 



owing to the death of his mother, in 
Waltham. When less than twenty years 
of age he married Maria S. Ward of 
New York city. Mr. Peak will be best 
remembered as the veteran newsdealer, 
who, having previously been in the 
barbering and undertaking trades, 
would travel to many front and side 
doors delivering as many as two hun- 
dred papers at one trip. He was a 
prominent memljer of the Temple of 
Honor and was known all over the 
State as a temperance WTjrker. Mr. Peak 
died in this city February 8, 1887. 





UORATIO N. I'EAK 



EDMINI) II. I'|:N NKI-I. 

EDMUN13 H. PENNELL was born 
on Park street, this city, in 1854. He 
attended the public schools, graduat- 
ing from the high school in 1SC8, and 
entered the employ of A. F. Graves, 
book publishers in Boston, In 1S7G 
he went to Kansas and returned to 
Maiden, Mass., where for four years 
he carried (in tlie gnicery business. In 
ISSO he took charge of the wholesale 
department of D. Lothrop &, Company, 
publishers in Boston, and became 
president and general manager of that 
company. Subsequently he formed 
the firm of Vialle & Pennell. for- 
warders, 11 Central street, Boston. 
Mr. Pennell has erected a number of 
fine houses on Oak street, and resides 
in one of them with his mother. He 
was a member of the common council 
of 1893-4, a niemlier of the board of al- 
dermen of 1895-6. and commissioner of 
sinking funds from 1898 to 1904, when 
he was elected as an alderman-at- 
large. 



EDWARD J. GAFFEY was born in 
HORATIO NELSON PEAK, son of Medford, September 13, 1862, and re- 
William Peak, was born in Charles- ceived his education at the Cradock 
town February 27, 1812, At the age of School, and subsequently at the High 
nine 'he was obliged to go to work, School. In 1878 he entered the em- 



MKUVOUT). PAST AX!) PltlCslCXT 




terotl the service for his country, in Com- 
I)any C, tliirty-nii\th Massachusetts Vol- 
teers and served the full enlistment- 
Since his return from the Civil war he 
has been engaged in literary pursuits, 
and lias been a frequent contributor to 
\vid<'ly circulated nuigazines and ricws- 
tiapcrs. Mr. .loyce is a present sealer of 
weights and measures and inspector of 
milk and vinegar for the City of Jledford. 
With his wife, Elizabeth J. Joyce, a well- 
known elocutionist, he is a custodian of 
the famous Koyall House. He is a memlier 
of S. C. Lawrence, Post (iO, of whicli he 
has scrveil several times as senioi- vice- 
ciimmandei'. 



KDWABI) J. (i.\KFI.:Y 

ploy of James W. Tufts, in Boston, 
and remained with him for twenty 
years and then estaldished a milk 
business and continued in this line for 
two years. In 1900 he took up the 
study of the art of embalming and in 
1903 he established his present l)usi- 
ness at 7 Forest street. 















'^^ ' *-«* 







CIIAin.KS W. SMITH 

CllAKLES W. S.MITII, one of the 
best known druggists in (ireater lioston, 
was born in ilarllxu'o. in 1S7M. and was 
graduateil from the grammar and IliyU 
scliools of tliat phicc. I)ui-iiig his four 
years in thi' High ScIuhiI. lie ]iUiycd Hi'st 
l)ase on the scliool team. After leaving 
High .S(diool, he entered the lioston C<d- 
I'gc- ijf IMuu'mai'V. Kight years ago he 
1 iuiic 111 Medfoi-d and o]>encd Ids pres- 
J cut drug store in the (Jpera House block 
on High street. Mr. Smith has become 
immensely iiojiular, not only witli his 
customers l)ut also with a large circle of 
WINSEOW JOYCK, son ..f (laknian our i.eoplc. He is projiiietor of llic Su- 
and Mahala Joyce, was born Feliruary perba alleys, and was captain of the 
0, 1844, in this city. He was educated in Medford team in the (xreater lioston 
lier iiublic schools, and graduated from league. He stands Idgh in the esteem of 
tlu> High School in ISliU. Jlr. Joyce en- his fellow bowlers. He is well kiU)wn for 



WINSI.OW JOYCE 



his deep interest in base ball, being one 
of the world's famous " Tessie " Brigade 
of lioston Royal Kooters. His great inter- 
est in sports led liim to appointment on 
the committee on athletic sports, ami 
he was made chairman of the sub-com- 
mittee on baseball. 

liesides being a siiorting enthusiast. 
Mr. Snnth is a mendier of the Elks. 
Camp 4-'), of the Sons of Veterans, Vet- 
eran ^'ireman's Associations, and the 
Manchester Unity of odd F(dlows. 

RUFUS SAWYER, a man who made 
a strong impression upon the life of 
the town of Medford, came here to 
teach the East Grammar School, Sep- 
tember 1, 1S52, but was soon after 
transferred to the Everett School, 
where he taught until his resignation 
in 1886 — a continuous service of tnir- 
ty-four years. None attended his 
school who do not recall their school 
days with pleasant memories. As a 
friend and as a teacher there are hosts 
who can attest with pleasure to his 
luany noble traits of character and 
manliness which manifested them- 
selves in his daily life. He was born 
in Bolton, Massachusetts, December 
21, 1823. He never married, but the 
house on Salem street, wdiich he 
shared with his sister, was always 
open to his friends and hers. He 
died August 4, 1896. 

SILAS F. WILD, driving an ox 
cart in which were the household ef- 
fects of his father's family, made his 
entry into Medford at the age of four- 
teen, in ISMl!. He was the son of Silas 
and Ruth (Reed I. and was born in 
Braintree, Massachusetts, where bis 
ancestors had lived for five genera- 
tions. August 21. 1818. His family 
settled in Medford in the bouse, which, 
on account of the change in the city 
line, now stands at the northwest cor- 
ner of Pleasant street, and the Fells- 
way, Maiden. At the age of seven- 
teen, he became the apprentice of 
Deacon Eells, of whom he learned the 
trade of ship joiner, which he followed 
until 18-50, when he bought the provi- 
sion store in the "old brick block" in 
the square. At various times he en- 
gaged in the ice, express and car- 
riage business. He succeeded Cap- 
tain Samuel Blanchard as auctioneer 
and continued to hold a license until 
his death. He was a member of the 
Brooks Phalanx; and in 1862. enlisted 
in Co. F, .5th Infantry, for nine months. 
He was for several years street com- 
missioner and selectman. He married 
in Bradford, M.issachusetts. October 
26, 1843, Lucy D. Smith, a teacher at 
Winter Hill, Somerville, and made his 
home in the hoase now numbered 189 
Salem street, next to the house which 
his father had built the previous year. 
This, with the exception of seven 



MEDVOUll. PAST A XI) PUKSEXT 



years, was his home for the rest of 
his life. He died December 15, 1882, 
The Kditor of the Mercury wrote of 
liim at the time of his deatli: "He was 
a thoroughly honest man. blessed with 
sound common sense, strong of convic- 
tion, sturdy of purpose, conscious of 
the duties of citizenship and conscien- 
tious in their nerformance." 




WAI.TEK F. CrsllINU 

WALTER F. GUSHING was born in 
Medford. September 15. 1857; attended 
the public schools till fourteen years of 
age. when, owing to ill health, he was 
obliovd tu leave the High Si-hmd, whieli 
he had just entered. The day he left 
school, he found employment in a sta- 
tionery store in Boston, and has been 
connected with that business continu- 
ously ever since, excepting the inter- 
val from 1878 to 1881, spent in South- 
ern California. He has been promi- 
nent as a society man, is a member of 
Warren Lodge A. O. U. W.. Medford 
Council !)4, R. A., Mt. Hermon I^odge 
F. A. M.. and Mystic Royal Arch Chap- 
ter, Past Grand of Harmony Lodge, I. 
O. O. F., and has been for several 
years treasurer of the First Baptist 
Church, and a member of its standing 
cnmniittee; served four years as alder- 
man, being a member of the first city gov 
ernnient. and in 1896 chairman of the 
being a member of the first city gov- 
board; he was appointed a park com- 
missioner by Mayor I^overing. and 
served three years. For fifteen years 
he has been a member of the well 
known firm of Adams, Gushing & Fos- 
ter, 168 Devonshire street. For four 
years he served as president of the 
Boston Stationers' Association, and a 
member of the State Board of Trade 
as a delegate from that body, and now 



represents them as a delegate to the 
Boston Associated Board of Trade. In 
politics he has always been a Republi- 
can. 

FREDERICK B. FURBISH, was 
born in Eliot, Maine. January 21. 1849. 
and purchased the house at 50 Park 
street, moving from Cambridge, Mas- 
sachusetts, in September, 1902. On 
September 29, 1872, he married Sarah 
Lucretia Grant, of South Berwick. 
Maine. They have had Ave children 
three of whom are now living: Rena 
Cecilia. Louis nnd Frederick Baker, 
Mr. Furbish is now in business in 
Cambridge as carpenter and builder 
Vi'here he has been since 1887. 





RKSIDENCE OF CHARLE.S A. RECORD. 

121 Otis Street. 



JUMl'S A. ZINN 

JULIUS A. ZINN was born in Ham- 
burg, Germany, January 13, 1862, and 
after studying the floral business there 
for a number of years came to Boston 
and became identified with the same 
line of business. In 1896 he establish- 
ed his present business and has met 
with every success. Mr. Zinu is identi- 
fied fraternally with many branches of 
Masonry. Odd Fellowship, and a mem- 
ber of several social and automobile 
clubs. He has resided in Medford for 
the past eleven years on Dudley street. 




lilOSlDKNCH OF FKKDEKICK H. FlKUISll 
161 



JilEBFORD, PAST AN^D PRESENT 




IRWIN O. WRIGHT 



AMOS M. ROBERTS 



FRANK E. CHANDLER 




RESIDENCE OF SHEPARD BROOKS, GROVE STREET 



MEDFOIU), PAST Ayj) I'HESEyT 




WILTOX li. FAY 

WILToX r>rR(iKSS FAY. tlic smi c.f 
Benjamin W., and Anna Gove (E<1- 
munds) Fay. was born at Fairmount. 
now Hyde Park. Massacluisetts. Octo- 
ber 3. 18r>5. He was educated in the 
Boston public sclioois, graduating 



from English High School in the class 
of 1883, afterwards attending Ellis 
school for boys. Mr. Fay prepared foe 
college but deciding upon a business 
career entered the employ of Bliss, Fa- 
byan & Company, as an accountant, 
and still remains with this concern. 
He is the son of a prominent manu- 
facturer of the latter part of the fifties 
and early sixties. His paternal grand- 
father was Park Fay. a prominent citi- 
zen of Southboro. His maternal 
grandfather was Jonathan Edmunds of 
Salisbury. New Hampshire, a man of 
great integrity and intellect. His 
great uncle. Isaac Fay is well remem- 
bered as a citizen and benefactor of 
Cambridge, Massachusetts. Mr. Fay 
caiiu' ti> Jlcdford tiftccn years ago. He 
was married to Helen Frances Rich- 
ardson, daughter of Mrs. Luther F. 
Richardson of this city, in 1893. They 
liave (ine child, Katherine Stearns Fay. 
He is a member of the Middlesex club. 
Republican Club of Massachusett?, 
Medford club, Medford Boat club. 
Neighborhood club and Medford His- 
torical Society. Mr. Fay is ch.airman 
of the Republican City committee, 
which office he has held for the past 
five years. He is treasurer of the Sth 
Middlesex district committee, and a 
member of the Medford Park Commis- 
sion. 



.Xiudnsr the many benutitul rcsdeuccs 



In Medford wliiidi enhancethe appearance 
of the city. Kids;eb(ilni, the residence of 
Mr. and Mrs. Wilton H. Fay. Wyman 
street, may well be classed as one of the 
finest appointed ami architei'turally liar- 
uionious. It is Kiifilish in style, and in 
its surnuuidinys — widl ;uT;uii;ed grounds 
and adjacent dweJliM^s — has a quiet 
dionity of an ideal sul)urban home. 

The Inuise interior is riidily, not lav- 
ishly, furnished, nor inconsistent with 
"enuine comfort. .\ spacious hall conveys 
the first impressions of satisfaction, while 
the living room on tile left and the charm- 
ing pink reception ajiartment on the 
right are in i)erfect accord with require- 
ments. Then there are the (duimbers, 
light and airy, with all tludr a))purte- 
nances an<l handsome appointments; the 
store-rooms, idosets, etc., all ani]de and 
convenient. 

The "den," in wliiili Mr. Kay and his 
friends pass manj' a convivial hour, when 
not too busy, is a place of inviting 
atmosphere and comfort. 

Tile entire establishment is first of all 
a hniiie, then a jdace of beauty and a 
pride to its owners, as well as to the 
lieiqde of West Medford and Medford. 
Mr. and .Mrs. Fay and daughter came to 
Kidgelndin in the summer of UI04. Itwas 
in November of the same year that the 
(Jovernor and Lieutenant (lovernor, 
Honorable Wllliani I!. Lawrence and 
other iiromiiieiit people were received and 
entertained. 




' RIDdEHOLM," RE.SIDENCE OF WILTON B. FX\ 

163 



MEDFOniJ, PAST AND PUESEST 



DAVID R. HARVEY was born in 
Somerville, Massachusetts, May 9, 
1869 and attended the public schools 
of that city. He entered the employ of 
the John P. Lovell Arms Company, 
Boston, in 1887. From 1889 to 1897 
he was manager of the bicycle de- 
partment, acting as a director for the 
company from 1S95. He resigned 




UAVIIl U. HAKA-HY 

from the Lovell Arms Company in De- 
cember, 1897, to open a branch house 
for the Iver Johnson Sporting Goods 
Company, at 408 Wa.sliingtnn street 
Boston. After the failure of the Lovell 
Arms Company, Mr. Harvey's company 
assumed the lease of the Lovell build- 
ing at which place they are now lo- 
cated. He served in the City Council 
of 1900, the Board of Aldermen in 
1901 and 1902, is now a member of 
the Republican Ward and City Com- 
mittee, secretary of the New England 
Automobile Dealers' Association, a 
member of Mt. Hernion Lodge, A. F. 
and A. M., Mystic Royal Arch Chapter 
and Bay State Automobile Association. 
He is secretary of the New England 
Automobile Association, and vice- 
president of the Royall House Asso- 
ciation. In 1895 he married Gertrude 
daughter of Warren P. Stahl, a resi- 
dent of this city, at which time he be- 
came a resident of Medford, and at 
present resides at ."jO College ave- 
nue. 

JAMES MORRISON was born, 
February 19. 18.57, in Ballywater. Coun- 
ty Down, Ireland, of Scotch-Irish par- 
ents. In 1870 he entered the employ- 
ment of S'amuel Law and Company, 
brass founders, of Belfast, Ireland. He 
came to Boston in 1880, being employ- 




RESIDENCE OF I). K. HARVEY 



ed by the Crosby Steam Gauge and 
Valve Company where he remained 
until 1890, when he became connected 
with Dalton, IngersoU and Company. 
In 1893 he moved to Medford and es- 
tablished a real estate and periodical 
business. He moved to his present 
place in Tufts Square in 1898, where 
he has enjoyed a largely increased 
business. Mr. Morrison resides at 
4R8 Main street, and has always been 
interested in the development and im- 
provement of his section of his city. 




RICIIAKI) (lIliSON 

RICHARD GIBSON, son of Richard 
and Raehael Mcintosh Gibson, of Birt- 
shire, Scotland, was bom in Greenoch, 



Scotland. July 7, 1849. He was edu- 
cated in the schools of his native 
town, and served an apprenticeship 
with Matthew Park, joiner and build- 
er, in Greenoch. Mr. Gibson came to 
this country and settled in Boston in 
1870, moving to Medford in 1871. In 
1873 he returned to the country of 
his nativity and was married to Helen 
Stewart of Greenoch, Scotland, Jan. 
22, 1S74. He then returned to this 
city and engaged in the business of 
carpenter and builder. Mr. Gibson 
lias seven children, James Richard, 
Raehael, William, George. Mary West, 
John and Richard, junior. He is a mem- 
lier of the Master Builders association 
of Boston, Mt. Hermon lodge, A. F. 
and A. M.. Mystic R. A. chapter, Med- 
ford council, R. & S. M., Boston com- 
mandery and Medford council, R. A. 

CHARLES MANDBVILLE LUD- 
DEN, the subject of this sketch, was 
bora in Dixfield. Oxford county. Me., 
November, 1SG3, and is a son of John 
Mandeville and Elevene J. (Carver) 
Ludden. He is a descendant from the 
Ludden family who settled in Brain- 
tree, Mass.. about 1700, and is also a 
lineal descendant of PeregTine White, 
who was born on the Mayflower. He 
acquired his early education in the 
'lublic .schools of his native town, and 
Graduated from Tufts college in 1886 
nt the head of his class, with the de- 
9ree of A. B. He studied law in the 
Harvard Law School for three vears, 
graduating with honors in 1889, and 
received the degrees of LL. B. and 
A. M. from Harvard university. When 
ill college he was editor-in-chief of the 
Tuftonian. a college publication, and 
in the law school he was one of the 
editors of the Harvard I^aw Review, 
one of the principal legal publications 
of this country. He was admitted to 



164 



MKDFOHI), I'Asr AND PHEsKyT 



the Suffolk bar in 1889, and has since 
practiced his profession in the city 
of Boston. After graduation Mr. Lud- 
den settled in Waltham, Mass., where 
he held the position of city solicitor 
from .January. 1891. until his resigna- 
tion in March, 1890. He moved to 
Medford in 1897, and has since re- 
sided here. He is a memlier of the 






.Hi •• I tni IBIS,. KbiI 

^ ij 

■I If 




RESIDENCE OF CHARLES M. HIDDEN. 



I'U.VIIl.l'.^ M. UllDKX 

Harvard Law School association. Phi 
P.eta Kappa, the Maine club of Bos- 
ton, and the Medford club. Since re- 
siding in Medford he has served in 
the Cniuiiioii CouiK-il for two years. 



the last year as president of that body. 
He was married on November 24th, 
1891, to Kathleen Hobart Hayes of 
Medford, Mass., daugnter of Edward 
\V. Hayes of this city: they have three 
children living; Hobart Hayes Lud- 
den, eight years of age; Karleen Lud- 
den, six years of age; Martha Ray- 
mond Ludden, three years of age. Mr. 
I.udden is associated in the practice 
of law with his younger brother. Judge 
William E. I.udden, in Boston, Mass. 
The firm of Ludden &. Ludden are 
principally engaged in corporation 
law. 

ERVING P. MORSE was born in 
Francestown, New Hampshire, Decem- 
ber 4, 1878, and with his parents 



moved to this city in 1880. He was 
educated in the public schools of Med- 
ford and graduated at Harvard in the 
class of 191)1. In 19U2 he married 
Marion H., daughter of Harry Dutton 
of this city. They have one daughter, 
Marion Lenora, born in 1904. Mr. Morse 
is connected with the firm of Hougii- 
ton & Dutton of Boston and resides on 
Forest street. 

EDAVARD .1. DOHERTY was born 

in the West End district of the City 
of Boston, January 15, 1876. Mr. 
Doherty attended the public schools of 
his native city until July. 1890^ when 
he removed with his parents to our 
city. Attending the Craddock Grammar 
School he graduated in June of the 





CHAKLKS A. KKCOKD 



ItESIUENCE OF ERVING 1'. MORSE 



MEDFOllI), PAST AXl) PUESK.XT 




1 



KDWAUll .1. ntlllKUTV 

following year. In September he en- 
tered upon a three-year special course 
at Boston College. Completing the 
course he matriculated in the Boston 
University Law School and received 
the degree of LL.B. Admitted to the 
Bar in February, 1898, he has con- 
tinued to practice law in Medford and 
Boston since. Mr. Doherty was a 
member of the Common Council of 
1897, 1898 and 1S99 from Ward Four, 
and of the Board of Aldermen in 190U • 
and 1901. He was appointed Bail Com- 
missioner for Middlesex County in 
February, 1901. Mr. Doherty is a 
member of several fraternal societies, 
the Medford Riding Club, the Hull 
Golf Club and an honorary member of 
the Lawrence Light Guard. At the 
present time he is engaged with 
(ieiirge 1j. Xewhall in the (Icvchipment 
of Brookings street and Douglas read. 
He now lives at 21 Touro avenue with 
his parents, he being unmarried. Since 
entering upon his business lite he has 
always shown a spirit of advancing 
the best interests of the city, holding 
always before him an optimistic view 
of the progress and working for the 
material welfare; a true public spirit- 
ed citizen in every sense. 

WALTER H. BUSS was born in 
Medford, Massachusetts, June 6, 1877, 
on South street, his parents being C. 
B. Buss (now cashier in the Medford 
Savings Bank) and Caroline H. (Mel- 
drum) Buss. He attended the Cra- 
dock School, and one year in the High 
School. In 1891, h^ accepted a posi- 
tion with Oliver White of Medford, 
with whom he remained two years 
and a half. He next worked for Con- 
verse & Pike, C'(mgress street, Bos- 



NKW IlUOOKINMl 



Sl'REET 




ber, with a seat in the Boston Mining 
and Stock Exchange. He was married 
June 4. 1903. to Alice Annabel Brown 

nf (ilciucesti'i', .Massachusetts. 



WAI.TKK 11. HISS 

ton, for two andi one-half years. He is 
now a member of the firm of Nicker- 
son, Simmons & Buss of Boston, bank- 
ers and brokers, following in the foot- 
steps of his father as a banker. This 
firm started in a small way In 1900 
with simply desk room, but owing to 
their popularity and strict attention to 
the details of their business are now- 
occupying a magnificent suite of 
rooms at OA State street, and have 
one of the largest board rooms In Bos- 
ton, Mr. Buss being the active mem- 




HAI.IMl W. REDIIISG 

RALPH WALDO REDDING, was 
born on Tremont Street, Boston, June 
28, 18G8, and moved to Medford two 
years later. He has resided in Medr 
ford ever since, being educated in its 
public schools. Mr. Redding entered 
upon a business career in Boston at 
the age of sixteen as a clerk in the 
office of the estate of Thomas B. 



166 



MKI)F(H!1),1PAST AX I) ri.'KsEyr 



Wales, in the S'lmmons building, 40 
Watei' street, Hostim, and subsequent- 
ly as a cleiii in (he treasurer's office of 
the Chicago. Burlington & Quincy Rail- 
road Company. Ten years ago he 
started a real estate brokerage busi- 
ness with offices in the Winthrop 
buiUlinji-, 7 Water street, Boston, 
where ne has been ever since, and is 
today ranked among the successful and 
leading real estate brokers of Boston. 
He servedi as secretary of the Med- 
ford Republican City Co.iimittee dur- 
ing the years 1897 and 1898, was one 
of the organizers of the Medford Boat 
Club, and is a member of the West 
IWedford Baptist Church. 'Mr. Redding 
is a thoroughbred Yankee, his great- 
grandfather naving been engaged in 
the Revolutionary war, and his father 
an officer in the Civil war. He is 
earnest, energetic and aggressive in 
whatever he turns his attention to. 





Kli?-IIIK.\(_K OK W. T. .JEN.NKY, UKiU 



fairs, and was a member of the com- bus, and of other organizations. In 

mon council 1902 and 1903, and an al- July, 1885. he married Katherine E. 

derman in 1904. He is an officer of Gill, daughter of Hugh Gill, and re- 

Medford council. Knights of Colum- sides at 33 Touro avenue. 



JOHN II. BVKON 

JOHN H. BYRON, the sjn of Pat- 
rick H. and Mary Byron, was born in 
Bedford, Massachusetts, May 19, 1860. 
The family moved to Medford wnen 
he was five years of age, and he imme- 
diately began his education in the 
public schools of this city, graduating 
from the high school in 1876. His 
trade as mason was acquired in the 
employ of Norcross Brothers, after 
which he started in business inde- 
pendently as a mason and cantractor 
in 1889. His efficient work is evi- 
denced in the Randall block, the Page 
& Curtin building, and the stable for 
the highway department. He is con- 
siderably interested in political af- 




RESIDKXCE OF H. U. LEUJllTON, IIIUII STKKET 
167 



MEDFOUD. I'AST AXD niESEXT 




GEORGE W. IIEHSEY was born in 
Medford, June 13. 1859, a son of the late 
Benjamin A. and Sarah A. Ilersey. He 
attended the pnlilic schools here and was 
subsequently employed in a clothing house 
for twenty eight years. The past ten 
years he has devoted to photography, and 
for three years he has been in business for 
himself at 47 Magoun avenue, doing fine 
work. He has a wife and three daughters, 
all of whom are prominent in Medford's 
social circle. 



l.KOHliii W. IIKK.SKV. 





WILI.IA.M El)(;.\l{ CHOSBY 



WILLIAM ^EDGAR CROSBY was born 
in Cambridge, Mass., in 1871. In 1S7(; the 
family removetl to West Medford, where 
he has since resided and where he was 
educated in the public schools. Later he 
took an extended course in music, devot- 
ing himself to the study of the Organ and 
Musical Theory. In the latter Ijrancli he 
passed the examinations of the .American 
College of Musicians in New York, and 
received the degrees of Associate and 
Fellow. Mr. Crosliy is probaltly best 
known to the citizens of Medford as the 
Organist and Musical Director at the First 
Baptist church on Oakland street, a posi- 
tion he has held for the past twelve years, 
and where, as elsewhere he has won an 
envial)le reputation among the best known 
organists and directors of music in tliis 
vicinity. He is a member of the Neii;h- 
l)orhood Clul) of West Medford, and a 
Charter memljer of the Medford Boat 
Club, of which he has been tlie treasurer 
since its organization. He is a member of 
the well known printing firm of Geo. E. 
Crosljy Co., at 'I'M Congress street, Boston. 
He is married and has three children and 
resides in Ward 3, at 153 .Allston street. 
Mr. Crosliy was elected to the Board of 
Aldurmen last year and is giving to the 
positicm ability and attention. 



C.VIMAIN llENIiY W- PIT.M.V.N 



CAPTAIN HENRY W. PITMAN came 
to Medford as a boy and attended the 
Everett and High schools. He has been 
engaged in nev?spaper business over 
thirty-tive years and is at present editor 
of TltK Mercury. 



16S 



The Wellman Sole Cutting Machine Company 




KXTHKIOli VII';\V (IF FACIOHY ANMl OKFICKS 



The Wellman Sole Cutting Machine 
Company was incorporated in 188S to 
build and operate a machine for the 
cutting of rubber soles for boots and 
shoes. Before the introduction of this 
machine the soles were cut by hand, 
and had to have a bevel or skive cut 
with yreat care to assure accuracy of 
fit and good finish to the l)Oot. It was 
not until A. M. Stickney was induced 
to take charge of the manufacturing 
of these machint-s that their real worth 
was recognized and they became an 
inipovtant factor in the making of 



rubber boots and shoes. After many 
changes and additions to the machine 
(all of Mr. Stickney 's invention} the 
United States Rubber Co. introduced 
it into their factories, and use it for 
the production of all their soles. This 
was quickly followed by the use of the 
machine in Canada. Great Britain, Rus- 
sia, Germany; and now follow Sweden 
and France asking for them. After 
the removal of the company to Med- 
ford in 1894, it took up other work 
outside of the s(de cuUing machine, 
and since then has been Imsy working 



out, for rubber manufacturers, various 
designs in their different lines of busi- 
ness, but always keeping in touch with 
the rubber people and the art of rub- 
ber manufacture. The officers at the 
present time are: A. M. Stickney of 
Medford, president; Walter C. Baylies 
of Taunton, vice-president; Edward 
Hriioks of Milton, secretary and treas- 
urer, and Frederick T. Ryder of the 
Boston Rubber Shoe Company. Arthur 
Wainright of Wainright & Company. 
Boston, and Frederick Brooks of Bos- 
ton, directors. 



MEDFOBD. PAST AXD PRESEXT 




INliaUllK \ IKW OF WKLLMAN COMI'ANY S KAl. II1K\ 



170 



MED FORD, PAST AND PRESENT—ADVERTISEMENTS 



ESTABLISHED 1840 



Iver Johnson Sporting Goods Co. 



SUCCESSORS TO 



John P. Lovell Arms Co. 

MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, WHOLESALERS, RETAILERS 

Sporting Goods 

16:; & 165 Washington Street 

Boston, Mass., U.S.A. 



D R HARVEY, 

Resident MatJtjper 



The Inter-Nation 



DEVOTED TO THE 



PROMOTION OF CLOSER RELATIONS 

BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 

GREAT BRITAIN, AND THE 

BRITISH COLONIES 



Weekly 



$2.00 a Year All Newsdealers 



There are, within fifty miles of Boston, accord- 
ing to the latest census, no less than 158,896 
people born in Canada and Newfoundland, and 
73,481 born in Great Britain, all speaking the 
English tongue ; 

Natives of Great Britain, 73,481 
Natives of Nova Scotia, 46,380 
Natives of New Brunswick, 19,364 
Natives of P. E. Island, 10,421 
Natives of Ontario, 13,721 
Natives ot Quebec, 79,571 
Natives of Newfoundland, 3,371 

Business Offices : 

1015 Board of Trade Building, 131 State, 10 Broad, 

and 7 India Streets, Boston, Mass. 

Telephone, Main 6182 



G. Frank Davenport 

IMPORTER, MANUFACTURER 
wholesale and RETAIL 
DEALER IN 

Cigars and Tobacco 

F0REK;N ,i/nl DOMESTIC 
No 422 Washington Street 

nexl to tor. Summer St., Boston, Mass. 

Telephone, 0.\fori( 112';7, Medford I16-4 
Established 1S68 

Proprielur of the ANNIE PIXLEY, G. F. D., and ORNA- 
MENTAL CIGARS. 

412 — "BUFFET"— 4Z1 



ErERy DESIRABLE FEATURE 

Embodied in up-to-date contracts is found in the policies issued by the 

111(i$$acDu$ett$ mutual Cife insurdtice Co. 




Oi Springfield, Atass. 



Incorporated ISSl 



These policies provide (or every contingency which may arise in the future. 

The rights ot every policy holder arc safeguarded by the famous Massachu- 
setts Insurance Law. 

No Company can do more tor those seeking protctlion — many do tar less. 

The MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO., issues 
only annual dividend policies. 

No *■' deterred dividends " — no " estimates," based on an uncertain future. 
Send your age and receive specimen policy and literature. 

F. C. SANBORN FRANK E. SAVILLE 

Manager foj- Fastetn A/nssathusetts Special Ag^ent 

31 MILK STREET, BOSTON 



MED FORD, PAST AND PRESENT — ADVERTISEMENTS 

The Arnold-Roberts Co. 



Paper 
/Warehouse 



180 CONGRESS STREET 
BOSTON, MASS. 

Paper in this puh/icatio/i fin-}iished 
bv us 



Edward S. Randall 



(3rocerics 



1 54 and 156 SALEM ST. 
Medford, Mass. 



ELECTRICITY 



FOR 



LIGHTING AND POWER 



Maiden Electric Co. 

95 PLEASANT STREET MALDEN, MASS. 



Medford Agents: J. A. Morgan, Mrs. G. R. Parker, N. E. Wilber 



MEDFORD, PAST AND PRESENT— AD VERTISEMENTS 



Used Round the World 

Walter6al(erKo:s 



Chocolate 



AND 




Cocoa 

The leader for 
124 Years 



iK FOR THIS 

'1 icAnn-MAKK 



GrandPrizejSf'^V'''"-^''''' 
cSt. Louis 

Walter Baker & Co. Ltd. 

Established I7R0 Dorchester, Mass. 

At^ HIGHEST AWARDS IN 
^*i^ EUROPE AND AMERICA 



■ JOSEPH cjuRras 

PAINTING - PAPER HANGINC. 




We are leaders in 

mall Papers 

3o$. €. Rarris f^ Son 



Paiiitcn, Paper Hdiigcii iiiiJ 
Cr/lhig Wrjikiii 

98 Washington Street, MEDFORD 

I'atk 'Mriil MalH.n 
Houses For Sale ami To Let 

Telephone 98-2 



T. E. LITTLEFIKLD 

3luml)cr JBcalcr 

Yarp and Office 
616 Boston Avenue, Medford, Mass. 

Near North .Somervillc Station 

Connected h\ Telephone 



CALEB P. BUCKMAN & CO. 

Crettiont Cetnple Decorators 

DECORATIONS FOR ALL OCCASIONS 

BOOTHS DESIGNED, ERECTED, AND DECORATED FOR 

FAIRS, ETC. 

MOURNING DKAl'ING DONE AT SHORT NOTICE 



Room 723, Crcmont Ccmple Buliaing 



Telephone Main 6246 



Boston 



GEORGE H. ARCHIBALD 

Carpenter and Builder 

65 RIVKRSIDE AVK. -^If^rir.^/vr/' 

MILL WORK 

PLANING, CIRCULAR AND BAND SAMINC 

[OBBING PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO 

Telephone 266-4 Medford 



Compliments of 

FRIENDS 



W. ARTHUR JONES 



J. f. M. BIGELOW 



Boston floor Company 

106 SUMMER STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 



PARQUET FLOORING EVERYTHING FOR THE 

WOODEN CARPETS CARE AND REPAIR OF 

GRILLE WORK HARDWOOD FLOORS 

Telephone Connection 



MKIlFORD, r.lST AXD rBESENT— ADVERTISEMENTS 

LOCKE COAL CO. 

77 RIVERSIDE AVE. 

MEDFORD, MASS. 



TELEPHONE 

and 

Mail Orders 

Given 

Prompt 

Attention 



THE GOURMET 

(THE JUDGE OF GOOD LIVING' 

Our price-list which may be had FREE for the jsking, will give you 
some idea of the WONDERFUL VARIETY and FINE (QUALITY 
of the goods we carry, and also please you at the revelation *' In the 
economy of trading with us." 

If— " it Is good to eat or drink "— WE HAVE IT. 




WARREN F. WITHERELL CO 
Umportcrs an^ (Brocers 

91 CAUSEWAY ST., "''''°-^"' 
BOSTON, MASS 



E NORTH UNION 
STATION 



H. R. LEIGHTON & CO. 

33aukcrs anti Bvohcrs 

246 Washington Street 69 Devonshire Street 

BOSTON, MASS. 



HENRY MURRAY 

Hrtistic fIDonunients 

41 Haverhill Street 
BOSTON 



POCKET IT 

That's the idea 



DURGINS 
SANITARY 



Comb-Brush 




M/e Nu. 12; one-halt" size No. S. 



Dresses the hair and beard just right. So compact, complete, power- 
ful and durable, everybody wants one. 



Vacationists 
Students 



"Crarclcrs 
JBusitxess /IDcn 



All pronounce it the handiest and most essential pocket article ever 
invented. Best quality comb. Stiff bristles securely in- 
locked. Made in various sizes, styles and colors, each complete 
with handsome leather case. 

No. 8, LADIES' PURSE SIZE ■ 6Jc 

No. S, LADIES' WITH HANDLE 7Sc 

No. 12. GENTS' POCKET SIZE - 7Sc 

Postpaid by Mall 

MURPHY. LEAVENS anZ CO. 

IPvactical JBvusbmafters 

ALFRED B. DUROIN, Prop. 

Send for Price List BOSTON. MASS. 



MEDFOIiD, PAST AXD PRESENT— ADVEUTISEMENTS 




HE New England Telephone and Tele- 
graph Company announces that it has 
^J% made material changes in its rates for 
resident telephones and also in those 
affecting measured service business telephones in 
the Metropolitan and Suburban Exchanges, which 
will enable party line subscribers to secure a better 
class of service at but a small increase in rate. 
C The Company also has other inducements to 
offer which it will be glad to explain on appli- 
cation to its Executive Office, Contract Depart- 
ment, loi Milk Street, Boston, or by calling 
telephone Miii?i 6ogo. 



distance: 
Telephone. 



DISTANCE. 
TELEPHONt 



MEDFORD, /'AST A!fD PRESENT — AD VERTISEMENTS 

Ga^ Range^ and Ga^ Heater^ 
AT COST 



Cook with Gas the Cheapest and Best Fuel 

TVo Dust! No Smoke! No Ashes! 

Heat perfectly adjusted to the work to 
he done. Samples and prices at office 



Price of Gas reduced to $ i . i o, net, on al 
prices rendered after July 15, 1905 



MALDEN M MELROSE GAS LIGHT CO. 

76 Florence Street, Malden 



Geo. W. Hersey 

Studio : 

No. 47 Magoun Aj?e. 



Everything in Photography 



JAMES MORRISON 

Real Estate and Insurance Agent 

TUFTS SQUARE 
Telephone 261-3 



Auctioneer and Justice of the Peace 

Constable 

Rents Collected 

Estates Bought and Sold 



Scott & Sons Co. 



iTfachine TJoo/s 



e^ e^ 



J'uiton St. cor. i/aiiej/ St, 



MEDFOUt), i:\sr AM) PliESEXT— ADVERTISEMENTS 



HERBERl^ A. WEITZ 



■Txttornet/ and Counseiior at jCaw 



53 State Street 



BOSTON 



Telephone, 487 Main 



NOTARY PUBLIC 
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 



j^To Boston By Water j^ 

The speedy 4 o foot twin screw Motor Boat 
= MYSTIC ^=^^= 

designed and built in Medford, will run regular trips 
from the foot Bridge, High Street, and the boat house 
121 Riverside Ave. to State St., Boston. Expected 
time about 4^ minutes. Fare, 15 Cents : : 

TIME TABLE IN LOCAL PAPERS AS SOON A3 BOAT IS IN COMMISSION 

E. L. JOYCE :: :: Proprietor 

Launches. Boats, Canoes, and Equipments for Sale and to Let 
Storage. Hauling up. Painting and Repairing 

Have a talk with me before going out of town for ANYTHING IN THIS LINE 



Ccmptimcntfi of_ 



1. W. HAMLIN 



ESTABLISHED 1866 
A. C. NOAH 



G. F. NOAH 



BOSTON PASTE COMPANY 

NOAH'S «"Se paste 



Used fo'- till Purposes ickcre Paste is Required 
DEALERS IN ■ 



PAPHR HANGERS' OUTFITS AND SUPPLIES 
44, 46 and 48 Beverly St., and 81 Travers St. 

BOSTON & MASS. 



Electrical :: Contractors 

Telephone 3 1 09 

Everything Electrical 

SEE US 

Wetherbee & Whitney 

155a Congress Street, BOSTON 



EDWARD J. GAFFEY 

Funeral U?idertaker and 
Embalmer 

Residence : WINTHROP Cor. SOUTH ST. 
7 Forest Street, MEDFORD, MASS. 

Telephones: 31-3 and 157-2 Medford 

C . H . WARE 

Furniture Sold and Exchanged 

AUCTIONEER 



64 Park Street, 



MEDFORD 



THOMAS O'BRIEN 

Merchant Tailor 



I I Riverside Avenue, 



MEDFORD 



MEDFOh'I), PAST AND PRESENT— A /> \/-:U7fSEMENTS 



yust try a 

TRI-MOUNT 
CIGAR 



L. P. BENET & CO. 

For Sale Everywhere 

PAPKEE BROTHERS 

niMlk anb Cream 

A SELECTED TABLE MILK DELll'EREI) IN ALL 
PARTS OF MEDFORD DAILY, ALSO LIGHT 
AND HEATT CREAM IN HALF-PINT, PINT 
AND i2_UAR7- JARS. 

Dairies ar Lexington, Mass., and Bellows Falls, Vt. 
25 WINCHESTER STREET TELEPHONE 



JOSEPH A. FABELLO 

1f3aiv Bresscr 

ONE HUNDRED FORTT-NINE SALEM STREET 
RANDALL BLOCK, MEDFORD 



GEORGE E. HOLBROOK 

funeral Director 
and Undertaker 

Residence : 49 Dudley Street 

Telephone 244-2 



Adatns^ Cushmg and Foster 



MANUFACTURING AND IMPORTING 



STATIONERS 



168 DEVONSHIRE STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 



Warren 8z: Torrens 

(5i'0cev8 



374 Salem Street, MEDFORD 



SYLVESTER LACY 

Real €$tate Broker and Auctioneer 

47 Court Street, BOSTON 

Residence, 94 Central Ave., cor Grant 



GEORGE H. BEAN 

ESTABLISHED i8''i 

€ut flou)er$ and Bedding Plants 

WHOLESALE GROWER OF 

BOSTON FERNS, GERANIUMS and 
CARNATIONS 

Funeral Designs a Specialty 

242 HIGH STREET, MEDFORD 



MEDFolUi, PAST AXn rT!ESEXT-AJ>rEnTISEMEXTS 



SiMmm 

MOUNTMN 

RESORTS OF 

EASTERN & NORTHERN 

NEWENOLflNDanditie 

MARITIME PROVINCES 

T Reached bv the 

Bosio 

i^MftlNE 

■^^MIROAD 









jn|llu5trated descriptive pamphlets 

b^ ( containing complete maps) 

have been issued under the following 

titles, and will be mailed upon receipt 

of 2^ m stamps for each booK_iiS) 

All AtoNO Shore Among theMouniains 

Ukesanb Streams FishiwoandHuntino 

Merrimack Valley IakeSunapee 

Southeast New Hampshire 

Southwest New Hampshire 

TheHoosacCointryandDeerfieidValley 

Valley of the CoNistaicur 

AND Northern Vermont 

Central Massachusetts 

The Monadnock Region 

Lake Memphremaogg 

Portfolios . 

*9'' Mountains of New England 

Seashore OF New England 

Rivers OF New England 

Iakes OF New England 

Picturesque New England 

,^ HISTORIC— MISCELLANEOUS 

TmeChARLES RIVERtotheHuDSON 

Will be sent upon receipt of 
6 cents for each book 

UMMER Tourist Book 

^T-' Giving list of Tours and Rates. 
Hotel and Boarding House list 
and other valuable information., free 

COLORED BIRDS EYE VIEWfrohMT WASHINGTON 
COLORED Bl RDS EYE VIEWof LAKE WlNNIPESftU KEE 

Sent on receipt of 6'' for each 



Erall'/Wir,it,oii-sm^lufo7l^senffcryMMrfmer^ 

^ ' ' -^n / FLANDERS, OENL PASSR 6. T(CK£T AOEN7 



MED FORD, PAST AND PRESENT— ADVERTISEMENTS 



To a Musical Child 

IjTb There is nothing that 
M. will give greater dehght 
( than this beautiful col- 
lection. It comprises 
one hundred and forty- 
one songs that have 
been sung by the chil- 
dren of all nations for 
generations ; a fragrant 
wreath from an old- 
time garden. The love 
of music, which is 
natural in all children, 
will respond readily to 
the inspiration of these 

fine old melodies. 

The book contains two hundred and twenty-six 

pages, is printed on paper of the best quality, and is 

bound in attractive and serviceable covers. Price, 

$2.00. 




OLIVER DITSON COMPANY 
150 Tremont Street, Boston 



R. C. SARGENT 
Bcntist 

120 BOYLSTON STREET 
BOSTON 



ESTABLISHED 1847 

( by J. N. GIBBS) 



3ewclcr 



ffr Repair, Rtnoi'uit and &// BATCHES, CLOCKS, JElFELRr 
and Khuired Goodi 



Optician 



EYES EXAMINED BT THE MOST APPROFED MODERN 
METHODS & GLASSES ACCURATELr FITTED 

Stationer 

And Dealer in SOU FEN IRS of Hinurie Med ford 

C. D. TUCKER 

S MAIN STREET MEDFORD SiSUARE 



Hervey's Tea Store 

AND 

BOSTON BRANCH GROCERY 

Store Established in 1864 

JTi£fh-Clas5 Soocis 
at JLow iPrices 

MEDFORD SQUARE 

Telephone 111-2. 



Richard D. Kimball Co. 



HEATING 



VENTILATING 

ELECTRIC 



WATER 



Beacon Building 

6 Beacon St. 

Boston 



Globe Gas Light Co. 

cf Boston, Mass. 

Incorporated in 1874, under the Laws of Massachusetts for 
doing a Street Light Business. 

C They are prepared to give estimates for 
furnishing and maintaining Gas or Gasolene 
Mantle Street Lamps. 

C We Sell, Lease or Contract. 

C Agents also for the Angle Lamps ; the very 
best inside lamps. 

^I, Gas appliances of all kinds and Agents for 
the celebrated Khotal and Primus Cooking 
and Heating Stoves. 

C Special Line of Gas, Hot Plates and Cookers. 



GLOBE GAS LIGHT CO. 

n ^ 79 Union Street, Boston, Mass. 



MEDFORD, PAST AND PRESENT — AD VERTISEMENTS 



Hardware Cutlery 

Garden Tools Wheelbarrows 

Kitchen Furnishings Wooden Ware 

Crockery Lamps 

Bathroom Fixtures Welsbach Goods 

Ranges Heaters 

Plumbing Heating 

Tin Roofing Gas Fitting 



Page & Curtin 



42-48 HIGH ST. 



Telephone J0>=2 



Brown-Ketchum 
Iron Works 

INDIANAPOLIS, IND. 

©rnamental anb Structural 
llron aub Steel 



Fred W. Robinson 

Sales Age? It 
1 66 Devonshire Street - BOSTON 



GEO. E. CROSBY, Tremiira 



WM. E. CROSBY, Prcu.lait 



LUTHER B. LYMAN, Sfa-ft,!^ 



Telephone 
2909 Main 



Cut and Half- 
Tone Work 



Geo. E. Crosby Co. 
printers 



234 & 236 Congress Street 

BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS 



CATALOGUES 



BROCHURES 



Printers of '•'■Medford^ Past and Present"" 



MEDFOIID, PAST AXD PliKSKXT ^ AUVIiirnsKMEXTS 



MEDFORD MERCURY 

ne A^odel Home Paper 

PROGRESSn'E AND UP-1()-DATE 

Witty Mercurials, Able and Spicy Editorials 
on Local and (Jeneral Subjects. Society and 
Political News. 

^^-^— ^— — ^— — Sl'BSCRIl'TIOX 

$2.00 a year $1.00 for six tfiontlis 



EVERY HOME THAT IS AN IDEAL ONE HAS THE 
MERCURY EACH WEEK 



MEDFORD COAL CO. 



We will sell you the best coal cheaper than any other dealer In 
Medford, 

Special inducements to those buying now. Watch for our ads 
in The Mercury, 



medford Office "Boston Office 

92 Riverside Avenue 15 State Street 

Tel. 215 Medford Tel. 5096 Main 



MEDFUUl), PAST ASD l-UKSEXT—An\ERT/SEM/:.\7\S 

MEDFORD'S BOSTON STORE 

Did \ou know that the dry goods store now known as The Boston Store has been in 
existence sixty over years ? 

Yes surely it is one of Medford's land marks, BUT ITS POLICY IS STRICTLY 
UP TO DATE — always alert to its customers' needs, and open at all times to kindly criticism 
and suggestions, that it ma\' better serye the people of Medford. 

We do not claim to beat Boston stores, but we can equal them, and saye you 

TIME, IFORRT AND MONET 



%.':%. 




8 H I OH ST. 

MEDFORD, MASS. 



Incorporated February 1 , 1 900 



Capital, 5100,000 



MEDFORD NATIONAL BANK 



OFFERS 



EVERY BANKING FACILITY OBTAINABLE 



ija Interest paid on balances of $500 
and oyer, subject to check 



3^ Interest paid on Certificates of Deposit 
not subject to check 



FOREIGN DRAFTS ALL OI'ER THE 110 RED 



A^LA^4T1C NATIONAL BANK. 

BOSTON 



Corrrsponifnts 

NATIONAL CITY BANK 
NEH'- YORK 



i-ouRrH srRHi;T national bank 

PHIL.-JDEl.l'HI.-J 



DANA 1. McINTIRE 

Preudent 



DANA I. McINTIRE 
LEWIS H. LOVERING 
LAWRENCE T. SAWYER 



©fficers 

CHARLES H. SAWYER 

FiiC Prc^iiient 

3?irfttor6 

CHARLES H. SAWYER 
JOSIAH R. TEEL 



CHARLES H. BARNES 

Caih'ter 



WILLIAM P. MARTIN 
AUSTIN L. BAKER 



WILLIAM P. MARTIN, jimrni 



M 



AUG 15 1905» 



MEDFOED, PAST AW I'llESENT—AUVEIiTISEMENTS 



A LITTLE BETTER 
THAN ANY OTHER 



C/. Cv. yi. 

CIGARS 



Thompson, Brown 8z: Co. 
Ebucational 



Ipubli8bei8 



76 SUMMER STREET, BOSTON 



JOHN A. THOMPSON DAVID H. BROWN FRANK SMITH 



Since 
1849 




J. E. CAME COi\H^\NY 

MAKERS OF 

Billiard, Pool and Combination Tables 

" Improved Waich Spring " and New "Vivex" Cushions 

FURNISHINGS AND REPAIRS 



114 SUDBURY STREET, BOSTON 



Telephone 
Haymarkct 61 



*s 
■ane 

*e 

*e 
4« 

*e 
*e 

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u7?e use of Pictures in Printed Mat- 11 
ter attracts the eye of the pubhc 
and always arouses interest m the 
narrative. The use of T^icimes H 
simplifies composition ; a T^idure || 
with a plain statement of facts has more genuine 
advertising value than the most elaborate 
1 arrangement of types without a picture. 



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LB Mr '07 



^be flBebtorb Savings JSank 



CbartereJ), jfebruar? 26, 1869 



Assets, May I, 1905 



$2,524,247.66 



president 
DANIEL A. GLEASON 

Vice-presidents 

SAMUEL C. LAWRENCE 
WM. GUSHING WAIT 



XTcustees 



DANIEL A. GLEASON 
JAMES P. RICHARDSON 
J. HENRY NORCROSS 
J. OILMAN WAITE 
ROSEWELL B. LAWRENCE 
NORWOOD P. HALLOWELL 
WILLIAM B. LAWRENCE 
EDWARD F. ALLEN 



JOSEPH A. CHAPIN 
FRANK E. CHANDLER 
EDWARD S. RANDALL 
FREDERICK H. KIDDER 
WM. P. MARTIN 
SIDNEY GLEASON 
GEORGE O. FOSTER 
CHARLES H. PARKER 



CHARLES B. GLEASON 

Hu&iting Committee 
WILLIAM N. HOMER 
JOSIAH E. GATES 
HARRY B. BALLOU 

3Boar& of Unvestment 

DANIEL A. GLEASON, Chairman FRANK E. CHANDLER 

EDWARD S. RANDALL EDWARD F. ALLEN 

CHARLES H. PARKER 

Clerft 

J. OILMAN WAITE 

treasurer 
CHARLES B. BUSS 

BANK OPEN EVERY WEEK DAY 8.00 to 11.00 A.M.; 3.00 to 6.00 P.M. 
and SATURDAY, 7.00 to 9.00 P.M. 



Boston & Maine Railroad 

THE GREAT RAILROAD SYSTEM OF NEW ENGLANI 

%\)t ^Bopiilar Courtst 3aoute to t^t 

VACATION RESORTS of 

New England and the Maritime Provinces 



'^ 



I 



^T The shortest and most picturesque route 
between Boston and Buffalo, Chicago, St. 
Louis and the West, Southwest and the 
Pacific Coast. C C C. 

^JThe shortest and only line running 
through sleeping cars between Boston and 
Montreal, St. Paul and Minneapolis. C. 



^ 



Lo<west Rates to all Joints West, cHprth'west and Southwes 

ONLY ONE CHANGE OF CARS TO THE PACIFIC COAS': 

Boston Ticket Offices : 
322 Washington St., cor. Milk St., and at Union Station 



4 4 «« 



D. J. FLANDERS, Genl. Pass. & Ticket Ager 



w 



